Anlong Pingle Comparison of 1990s data with 1950s data

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5. Comparison of 1990s data with 1950s data

5.0. Introduction

In this section we compare our data to that collected in the 1950s and published in BYDCBG. Of the 24 data points we surveyed, 20 matched data points surveyed in the 1950s. The data from these 20 points, as compared with the data in BYDCBG, is discussed below. We compare our data with BYDCBG in order to track phonological and lexical changes in Bouyei over the past 40 years, and to gauge the general accuracy of the 1950s data. This can only be done roughly, however, since the data in BYDCBG was not recorded on tape. It should be noted, though, that our research bears out the general accuracy of the BYDCBG data, and we can only assume that it is correct.

5.1. Anlong Pingle

In comparing our 1990s data with the 1950s data, the following characteristics stand out. With regard to initials, some words transcribed with a [v] initial in the 1950s were recorded with a [w] initial. For example: English 1950 1990 English 1950 1990 ‘seed’ uCm22 vm22 ‘flower’ u`22 v`22 ‘pants’ u`13 v`13 ‘water buffalo’ u`:h20 v`:h20 Most of the words transcribed in the 1950s with [z] initial were transcribed with [ p] or [Y], and one had a [n] initial. The nucleus of several of these words also was different. Examples: English 1950 1990 English 1950 1990 ‘wind’ ytl20 pnl20 ‘afternoon meal’ yhM20 phM20 ‘tongue’ yhm22 phm22 ‘water’ yCl42 p`l31 ‘sit’ y`M00 m`M13 ‘to search’ y`22 p`22 Most words transcribed in the 1950s with [s] were recorded in our data with [ S] or [p]. Examples: English 1950 1990 English 1950 1990 ‘navel’ rCh24 ph24 ‘paper’ r`22 S`22 ‘garlic’ rnh13 Snh13 ‘sour’ rCl24 S`l24 5. Comparison of 1990s data with 1950s data 517 Some words transcribed in the 1950s with [h] were recorded in our data with [ G], [F], or [i] initials. Examples: English 1950 1990 English 1950 1990 ‘evening’ gCl00 F`l02 ‘bank river’ gCm20 FDm20 ‘sea’ g`h24 F`:h424 ‘rice’ gCt22 F`t13 ‘to go in’ gCt24 Gt13 ‘work’ gnM22 vnM22 ‘to open’ g`h22 G`h22 ‘to give’ gCh24 Gh24 ‘dry’ gL13 GX13 ‘fragrant’ gnl22 vnl22 ‘poor’ gn24 Gn24 ‘ginger’ ghM22 ihM22 The differences in the nucleus of the words transcribed in the 1950s and the same words recorded in our survey are fairly significant for many items. The nucleus [ L] transcribed in the 1950s was recorded as various different vowels in our data. A few words in the 1950s data transcribed with [e] were recorded as [ h] or [hD] in our data. Examples: English 1950 1990 English 1950 1990 ‘chopsticks’ sL00 sX13 ‘grass’ ¯L24 ¯X24 ‘cow’ bL24 bX30 ‘bear’ lLh22 lt=h22 ‘wing’ eL:s00 et=s13 ‘feathers’ oLm22 o=m22 ‘ear’ yL20 pX=20 ‘hand’ eLM20 enM20 ‘lungs’ oLs24 o=s24 ‘to vomit’ yuL00 Y=13 ‘to eat’ jLm22 j=m22 ‘salt’ juL22 jvX22 ‘bean’ sL00 st=13 ‘taro’ oL13 oX24 ‘boat’ yuL20 pv=20 ‘to carry child on back’ fL22 f=22 ‘to mend’ uL:M22 uXM22 ‘to go up’ gLm24 G=m24 ‘to get up’ yLm13 p=m13 ‘to swallow’ fcLm42 fc=m31 ‘to look’ kL24 k=244 ‘to ride’ jLh00 jXDh13 ‘person’ uLm20 vDm20 ‘to buy’ bL42 bX=31 ‘black’ eL:m42 et=m31 ‘tasteless’ bLs24 bTs24 [u] in the 1950s data was sometimes recorded as various other nuclei: English 1950 1990 English 1950 1990 ‘wind’ ytl20 pnl20 ‘rat’ mt22 m=m20 ‘goat’ it:M20 it`M20 ‘to boil’ ytM22 pnM13 ‘to hug’ ftl42 ft=l31 ‘to forget’ ktl20 k=l20 518 5. Comparison of 1990s data with 1950s data Each occurrence of [e] in the 1950s data was recorded in our research as [ D]: English 1950 1990 English 1950 1990 ‘mosquito’ mdM20 mDM2 ‘tooth’ gdt24 gDt24 ‘feces’ fd42 fD31 ‘towel gourd’ jud22 jvD22 ‘money’ bdm20 bhDm20 ‘strength’ ydM20 pDM20 ‘to hang’ udm22 uDm22 ‘to carry with hand’ ydt24 pht24 ‘to hurt’ sbds24 sbDs24 ‘to smile’ ydt22 phDt22 The difference in the tone values transcribed in the 1950s data and the tones recorded in our data is not great. The tone values as reported in the 1950s data and our data is given below. 1950 data Tone 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Pitch 22 20 24 42 13 00 24 00 Example m`22 m`20 m`24 m`42 ju`13 s`00 y`o24, yCo24 j`o00, jCo00 Gloss thick field face mother’s older brother to cross river to carry with shoulder pole, small pig basket to press between, to catch 1990 data Tone 1 2 3 4 5 6 7, 9 8, 10 Average pitch 33 41 45 52 24 13 45 22

5.2. Anshun Huangla