Ceheng Huarong Comparison of 1990s data with 1950s data

520 5. Comparison of 1990s data with 1950s data The nucleus [i] transcribed in BYDCBG was recorded in our data as various other nuclei. Examples: English 1950 1990 English 1950 1990 ‘star’ fc`h13 fch13 fc:t22 fchdh20 ‘fan’ oh20 ohDh30 ‘year’ oh00 ohdh12 ‘tail’ yhM00 ph=M13 ‘one’ fhs13 fihDs24 ‘Bouyei people’ ot31fh42 ot20 fidh31 ‘hungry’ fhj13 fi=f24 ‘fat’ oh20 ohDh31 ‘grass’ ¯h44 ¯dh33 ‘money’ sbh`m20 sbDm30 ‘scissors’ sbh`t20 sb`t30 ‘to smile’ yht42 pht33 ‘to stretch out’ fhs13 fiDs23 ‘to have’ kh42 khdh31 Below is a summary of the tonal pitch values of Anshun Huangla from BYDCBG and from our data. 1950 data Tone 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Pitch 00 20 44 42 13 22 13 22 Example m`00 m`20 m`44 m`13 ju`13 s`22 y`o13, yo13 j`o22, jo22 Gloss thick field face mother’s older brother to cross river to carry with shoulder pole, small pig basket to press between, to catch 1990 data Category 1 2 3 4 5 6 7, 9 8, 10 Pitch value 13 31 44 42 24 33 24 33

5.3. Ceheng Huarong

With regard to initials, some words transcribed with labialization or with [w] in BYDCBG were recorded with a different initial in our data. For example: English 1950 1990 English 1950 1990 ‘spider’ jv`t22 jCt22 ‘root’ yv`11 p`22 ‘free time’ v`M24 k`M24 5. Comparison of 1990s data with 1950s data 521 Most words transcribed with a [z] initial in BYDCBG survey were recorded in our survey with [ p]. English 1950 1990 English 1950 1990 ‘wind’ ytl20 pTl20 ‘afternoon meal’ yhM20 phM20 ‘stone’ yhm02 phm13 ‘water’ yCl22 p`l31 ‘sand’ yd24 pD24 ‘road’ yBm02 pBm13 Some of the words transcribed with the initial [s] in BYDCBG were recorded with a [ S]. Examples: English 1950 1990 English 1950 1990 ‘garlic’ rnh24 Snh24 ‘sour’ rBl42 Snl42 ‘four’ rh24 Sh24 ‘high’ r`M02 S`:M13 ‘straight’ rn11 Snm22 ‘clean’ rCL02 Sh13 The [h] initial transcribed in BYDCBG was recorded as [x] in our data. Examples: English 1950 1990 English 1950 1990 ‘rain’ gtm02 wv=m13 ‘sea’ g`h42 w`:h42 ‘rice’ gCt22 wt31 ‘seed’ gBm02 wnm13 ‘tooth’ gdt42 wDt42 ‘chin’ g`M20 w`:M20 The [ L] nucleus transcribed in BYDCBG was often recorded in our data as various other nuclei. Examples: English 1950 1990 English 1950 1990 ‘cloud’ uL=42 uX=42 ‘chopsticks’ sL11 sX22 ‘leaf’ fa`L02 faX13 ‘tail’ yL:M02 phM13 ‘wing’ eL:s22 eX=s22 ‘feather’ oLm02 o=m13 ‘earthworm’ fcL:m02 fchDm13 ‘ear’ yL=20 ph=20 ‘hand’ eLM20 e=M20 ‘lungs’ oLs24 o=s24 ‘to eat’ jL02 j=m13 ‘salt’ juL=02 jt=13 522 5. Comparison of 1990s data with 1950s data The nucleus [u] transcribed in BYDCBG was sometimes recorded as various other nuclei. Examples: English 1950 1990 English 1950 1990 ‘rain’ gtm02 wv=m13 ‘rainbow’ btM20 bnM20 ‘lock’ ktM42 knM42 ‘weaving machine’ bt:M20 bnM20 ‘to get up’ ytm24 p=m24 ‘to stand’ fctm02 fct=m13 ‘younger sibling’ mt:M22 mtM31 ‘soft’ ftm24 ft=m24 ‘beard’ ltl11 lnl33 The nucleus [e] transcribed in BYDCBG was recorded in our data as [ D]. Examples: English 1950 1990 English 1950 1990 ‘sand’ yd24 pD24 ‘grass’ ¯hd22 ¯=13 ‘snake’ MLd20 MX=20 ‘hungry’ fhd24 fh=24 ‘to listen’ ¯hd02 ¯h=13 ‘to smile’ ydt02 pDt13 ‘to push’ fcdM02 fcDM13 ‘to choose’ kd11 kD22 Below is a summary of the tonal pitch values of Ceheng Huarong from BYDCBG and from our data. 1950 data Tone 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Pitch 02 20 42 22 24 11 24 22 Example m`02 m`2 m`42 m`22 ju`24 s`11 y`o24, yo24 j`o22, jo22 Gloss thick field face mother’s older brother to cross river to carry with shoulder pole, small pig basket to press between, to catch 1990 data Category 1 2 3 4 5 6 7, 9 8, 10 Pitch value 24 31 53 42 45 44 45 44

5.4. Changshun Guyang