Notes Minimal pairs Allophonic rules
2.10.2. Notes
• [ h:] only occurs 1 time and is not considered phonemic. • [ d] only occurs on four words. It is not in complimentary distribution with [D], but is considered in free variation with [ D] and not phonemic. • [o:] only occurs once and is not considered phonemic. • [ B:] only occurs twice. The length is fairly pronounced however, and is considered phonemic for this analysis. See minimal pairs . • [ =:] only occurs once and is not counted as phonemic. • [ G] only occurs four times and [F] occurs many times. They are not in complementary distribution. They are allophones in free variation. • [ Gv] occurs twice and Fv occurs once. There is not enough data to show whether or not they are in complimentary distribution. We analyze it as Fv, in free variation with [Gv]. • [ fhV] and [fi] both occur and [piV] and [pj] both occur. Palatalization is quite strong and is considered phonemic, except for [mj]. [mj] only occurs once and [mi][m H] only occur in C__ or C__C syllables. • [kuV] does not occur, so [kw] is considered phonemic. [ fuV] and [fw] both occur. Since the labialization is quite strong, [fv] is considered phonemic. • [ Mw] occurs once, but is in the second syllable of a word. The first syllable ends in [M] and assimilation has occurred. So [ Mw] is not considered part of the phonemic inventory. • [ Gw] occurs once and [G] is an allophone of F, so [Gv] is not considered part of the phonemic inventory. The [w] occurs before [ B] due to assimilation to the vowel. • [tsw] occurs only once, with definite labialization. However, we do not consider it phonemic, but as an exception. 202 2.10.3. Minimal pairs2.10.3. Minimal pairs
[w] and [v] 164 ‘cotton’ [ u`:h13], 229 ‘to hang on sth.’ [v`:h24] [ts] and [t b] 45 ‘bowl’ [ sr`24], 55 ‘rice seedling’ [sr`13] [ `] and [`:] 190 ‘carrying on shoulder pole’ [ F`:m13], 451 ‘busy’ [F`m24] [ B] and [B:] 238 ‘to swell a leg’ [ FBj103], 148 ‘to vomit’ [YB:j31] 275 ‘to stand’ [ rBM24], 70 ‘sheep’ [iB:M13]2.10.4. Allophonic rules
r → [ b]__V[+front] in frequently used words or in Chinese loan words → [s]elsewhere h → [ H]C__=[C+nasal or C+stop] This rule applies frequently, but not always. → [ h]elsewhere t → [ T]__C+stop with one exception → [u]elsewhere2.10.5. Transcription of Longli Yangchang word list
Parts
» Introduction Phonology and word list
» Word list Phonology and word list
» Notes Anlong Pingle 1. Phone and phoneme inventory
» Minimal pairs Anlong Pingle 1. Phone and phoneme inventory
» Allophonic rules Transcription of Anlong Pingle word list
» Notes Anshun Huangla 1. Phone and phoneme inventory
» Minimal pairs Transcription of Anshun Huangla word list
» Notes Ceheng Hualong 1. Phone and phoneme inventory
» Minimal pairs Allophonic rules Transcription of Ceheng Hualong word list
» Notes Changshun Guyang 1. Phone and phoneme inventory
» Minimal pairs Allophonic rules Transcription of Changshun Guyang word list
» Notes Dushan Nanzhai 1. Phone and phoneme inventory
» Minimal pairs Allophonic rules Transcription of Dushan Nanzhai word list
» Notes Dushan Shuiyan 1. Phone and phoneme inventory
» Minimal pairs Allophonic rules Transcription of Dushan Shuiyan word list
» Notes Minimal pairs Duyun Fuxi 1. Phone and phoneme inventory
» Allophonic rules Transcription of Duyun Fuxi word list
» Notes Minimal pairs Guiding Gonggu 1. Phone and phoneme inventory
» Allophonic rules Transcription of Guiding Gonggu word list
» Allophonic rules Transcription of Huishui Danggu word list
» Notes Minimal pairs Allophonic rules
» Transcription of Longli Yangchang word list
» Notes Luodian Luokun 1. Phone and phoneme inventory
» Minimal pairs Luodian Luokun 1. Phone and phoneme inventory
» Allophonic rules Transcription of Luodian Luokun word list
» Notes Luodian Poqiu 1. Phone and phoneme inventory
» Minimal pairs Luodian Poqiu 1. Phone and phoneme inventory
» Allophonic rules Transcription of Luodian Poqiu word list
» Notes Pingtang Xiliang 1. Phone and phoneme inventory
» Minimal pairs Allophonic rules Transcription of Pingtang Xiliang word list
» Notes Pingtang Zhangbu 1. Phone and phoneme inventory
» Minimal pairs Allophonic rules Transcription of Pingtang Zhangbu word list
» Notes Qinglong Zitang 1. Phone and phoneme inventory
» Minimal pairs Allophonic rules Transcription of Qinglong Zitang word list
» Notes Shuicheng Fa’er 1. Phone and phoneme inventory
» Minimal pairs Allophonic rules Transcription of Shuicheng Fa’er word list
» Notes Wangmo Fuxi 1. Phone and phoneme inventory
» Minimal pairs Allophonic rules Transcription of Wangmo Fuxi word list
» Notes Xingyi Bajie 1. Phone and phoneme inventory
» Minimal pairs Allophonic rules Transcription of Xingyi Bajie word list
» Notes Minimal pairs Zhenfeng Mingu 1. Phone and phoneme inventory
» Allophonic rules Transcription of Zhenfeng Mingu word list
» Notes Zhenning Banle 1. Phone and phoneme inventory
» Minimal pairs Allophonic rules Transcription of Zhenning Banle word list
» Notes Zhenning Shitouzhai 1. Phone and phoneme inventory
» Minimal pairs Allophonic rules Transcription of Zhenning Shitouzhai word list
» Notes Ziyun Huohua 1. Phone and phoneme inventory
» Minimal pairs Ziyun Huohua 1. Phone and phoneme inventory
» Allophonic rule Transcription of Ziyun Huohua word list
» Notes Ziyun Nonghe 1. Phone and phoneme inventory
» Minimal pairs Allophonic rules Transcription of Ziyun Nonghe word list
» Transcription of Libo Fucun word list
» Introduction to system relations 1. Intelligibility
» Findings Discussion Lectal studies
» Summary Alveolar fricatives and affricates 1. Notes
» Tonal flip-flop Notes on tone categories
» Anlong Pingle Comparison of 1990s data with 1950s data
» Anshun Huangla Comparison of 1990s data with 1950s data
» Ceheng Huarong Comparison of 1990s data with 1950s data
» Changshun Guyang Comparison of 1990s data with 1950s data
» Dushan Nanzhai Comparison of 1990s data with 1950s data
» Dushan Shuiyan Comparison of 1990s data with 1950s data
» Duyun Fuxi Comparison of 1990s data with 1950s data
» Guiding Gonggu Comparison of 1990s data with 1950s data
» Huishui Danggu Comparison of 1990s data with 1950s data
» Longli Yangchang Comparison of 1990s data with 1950s data
» Luodian Poqiu Pingtang Xiliang
» Qinglong Zitang Shuicheng Fa’er
» Wangmo Fuxing Comparison of 1990s data with 1950s data
» Xingyi Bajie Comparison of 1990s data with 1950s data
» Zhenfeng Mingu Zhenning Banle
» Zhenning Shitouzhai Comparison of 1990s data with 1950s data
» Ziyun Huohua Comparison of 1990s data with 1950s data
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