Summary Alveolar fricatives and affricates 1. Notes

4. Historical variation in Bouyei: Initials and tones 505 Summary table for hr hr → b SC, ZNSTZ, ZYNH hr → F HS hr → j DSNZ, LB, QL hr → pY All others Both l and hl are realized by [l] in all places except for 283. r and hr are realized by a velar fricative in HS and are realized by a palatal glide in QL. The other places, in general, are realized by voiced alveolar or dental fricatives. This is quite similar to the realization of the alveolar clusters. 4.6. Alveolar fricatives and affricates 4.6.1. Notes s 375 ‘ten’ rho6, bho70 has reflexes with even tones, except for LDLK and ZYHH. This indicates z or dz. The reflexes for the rest of the proto-forms have odd tone as expected. See Bailey chart. z Tones are even as expected. See Bailey chart. b 127 ‘heart’ bdLDh has only two reflexes in our data. The other places had another lexical item, usually a variation of Cantonese. Tones are odd in every place, though LL has an even tone for 438 ‘tasteless’ bLts7. See Bailey chart. bg No examples. sb No examples. cY All the proto-forms are even and their reflexes are even as well, except for 322 ‘man’ cYr`h0, which is even, indicating a voiceless proto-initial. See Bailey chart.

4.6.2. Summary

Summary table for s s → Yr LB s → K ZNSTZ, ZYNH s → Sr All other places Summary table for z z → Yr LB z → Srsr AS, PTZB,DY, GD, HS, ZF z → K ZNSTZ, ZYNH z → Sr All other places 506 4. Historical variation in Bouyei: Initials and tones Summary table for b b → tbts AS, DSSY, DY, GD, HS, LL, PTZB, QL, SC, ZNSTZ, ZYNH b → s LB b → b All other places Summary table for cY cY → sbsr AS, DSSY,DY,GD, HS, LL,QL, SC, ZNSTZ, ZYNH d Y → br All other places As can be seen from the summary tables, for the alveolar fricatives LB stands out as a bit different; the realizations of s and z often being voiced. s and z are realized by a lateral fricative in ZNSTZ and ZYNH. For most places, s and z are realized by voiceless alveolar or dental fricatives. b and cY are realized in most places by voiceless alveolar fricatives, though they are realized by voiceless alveolar affricates in the northwest lectal points and some of the eastern lectal points. 4.7. Palatals 4.7.1. Notes