102
Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas XI
Tes Kompetensi Subbab
D
-00
+85G4;5B?47?8C4E4A74D8FA::4A8F8D7 4F4E?4AF4 B?48AG5G?4AF474A7C4AFG?4A
854? 4 B89E8A D8EFFGE FG5G4AAJ4 58D4C44;FA::5B?4J4A:7C4AFG?4A
+85G4;58A747?8C4E4A74DEG4FGF8C4FE8=4G; 74F4E?4AF4 +8F8?4;8A:8A4?4AF45B?4
84AFG?854?74A58A74A4?4:E8FA:: FGA:B89E8AD8EFFGEFG5G4A58A74F8DE85GF
+85G4;5B?47?8C4E4A74D:87GA:J4A:FA::AJ4 +8F8?4;8A:8A4?4AF45B?4F8DE85GF7C4A
FG?4A854? 474C4AFG?4AC8DF445B?48A64C4 8FA::4A8F8D74F4E?4AF474AC474C4AFG?4A
87G48A64C48FA::4A8F8D FGA:?4;
E. Ayunan Balistik
,G5G4A F74 ?8AFA: 58D?4G =G:4 C474 C8DEFI4 4JGA4A 54?EF J4FG 58A74 J4A: F8D7D 4F4E E8CBFBA: 54?B 4JG J4A: 74F4A C474
E8GF4E F4? 8G74A 7:4AFGA:4A E8784A DGC4 4:4D 54?B 74C4F 58D:8D4 78A:4A 5854E JGA4A E8C8DF A 74C4F 7:GA44A E854:4 E4?4;
E4FG64D4GAFG8A:GGD8?4=G4AC8?GDG 8?GDGJ4A:44A7GGD8?4=G 4AAJ47F8544A74DE85G4;E8A=4F484D4;54?BF8DE85GF 8D;4F4A
- E4?4A54?BJ4A:F8D:4AFGA:8?4EE4
E874A:4A C8?GDG F8DE85GF 8? 4EE4
8?GDG J4A: 7F8544A F8DE85GF 58DE4D4A: 74?4 54?B 74A 58D:8D4 58DE44E44 78A:4A 868C4F4A +
E8;A::4 54?B 58D4JGA 74A 8A64C4 8FA::4A 8AGDGF GG 884?4A B8AFG A84D 774C4F C8DE444A
+
C
+ +
C
+
M
Gambar 4.7
Ayunan balistik mencapai tinggi maksimum h
maks
= 1 – cos
.
Kata Kunci
• koefisien restitusi
+
F4A
868C4F4A5B?4E8EG74;FG5G4A474?4; F4A
+
F4A
+ F4A
+ F4A
E 47868C4F4A5B?4E8F8?4;FG5G4A474?4;+
F4A E
6 ,A::4EGJ4A:764C45B?4E8F8?4;FG5G4A7C8DB?8;8?4?G
C8DE444A8A8D:84A7CBEE74A
+ .
F4A
. F4A
. .
F4A 4F4G.
F4A 74D74E4DF4?4A:
47FA::4EG5B?4E8F8?4;FG5G4A474?4;. F4A
74D74E4DF4?4A:
v
p
m
p
m
p
+ m
b
v
mp
h
maks
Momentum, Impuls, dan Tumbukan
103
+8CBFBA:54?B4JG58D4EE4:F8D:4AFGA:C474E8GF4EF4? +85G4;C8?GDG J4A:4EE4AJ4:7F8544A74DE85G4;E8A4C4A84D4;54?BE8;A::4C8?GDG
F8DE85GF58DE4D4A:774?4AJ4 4?BF8DE85GF58D4JGA74AA4E8FA::674D 87G7G4AE8G?4 4C8D68C4F4A:D4HF4E7F8C4FF8DE85GF
E
F8AFG4A 868C4F4AC8?GDGE858?G8A:8A454?B
2 8F4;G
:: E
: 6
+
: E
:
E 47868C4F4AC8?GDGE858?G8A:8A454?B474?4;
E
Contoh
4.5
8AGDGF GG 884?4A A8D: 84A 8A8D: A8F J4A: 7?C8?GDG74A54?BC474CBEEE4478A:4A8A8D:CBF8AE4?J4A:
7? C8?GDG 74A 54?B 8F4 8A64C4 8FA::4A 4EG +864D4 4F84FE 84744A F8DE85GF 74C4F 7FG?E4A E854:4 58DGF
+ +
M 4D -. 4 74A -. 4 7C8DB?8;
+
M 8F8D4A:4A
4EE4 C8?GDG : 4EE4 54?B :
+ 868C4F4A C8?GDG
E
+ 868C4F4A E8F8?4; C8?GDG 74A 54?B 58DFG5G4A
E
Gaya dorong pada roket dihasilkan akibat semburan gas
panas dengan kecepatan tinggi. Gas panas tersebut dihasilkan dari
proses pembakaran hidrogen cair dan oksigen cair. Untuk mengatasi
pengaruh gravitasi Bumi, roket memiliki percepatan 3 kali
percepatan gravitasi Bumi. Oleh karena itu, gaya dorong yang
harus diberikan oleh roket harus lebih dari 3 × 10
7
N. Rocket propulsion is produced by
hot gas expelled from the rear of the rocket at high velocity. The hot
gas made from burning of liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen. To
abandon the earth’s gravitational force, rocket have to get
acceleration three times faster than earth’s gravitational
acceleration. So, rocket propulsion should be more 3 × 10
7
N.
Informasi
untuk Anda
Information for You
7?8C4E C474 E44F J4A: 58DE444A 74A 87G4AJ4 58DFG5G4A E864D4 8?4EFE E8CGDA4 FGA:?4;
8A44A87G45B?4F8DE85GFE8F8?4;FG5G4A +85G4; 58A74 F8D:4AFGA: C474 E8GF4E F4? J4A:
C4A=4A:AJ4
6 8A74 F8DE85GF 7FG5G B?8; 58A74?4AJ4A:4EE4AJ44?4EE458A74E8G?4
4FG5G4AAJ48?4EFEE854:4A78A:4AA?4 58D4C44; 868C4F4A 58A74 J4A: 8AG5G 4:4D
58A74J4A:F8D:4AFGA:F8DE85GF8A64C4FFF8DFA:: 74D?AF4E4AAJ4
+85G4;54?B54=458D4EE4
:F8D:4AFGA:C474 E8GF4E F4? C4A=4A: 4?B F8DE85GF 7F854 B?8;
E85GFD C8?GDG 58D4EE4
: 78A:4A 868C4F4A 8A74F4D
E 4FG5G4AAJ48?4EFEE854:4A
;FGA:8FA::4A4EGJ4A:74C4F 764C454?BF8DE85GF
G4 5B?4 86? J4A: 4EA:4EA: 58D4EE4:74A
:7:4AFGA:4A
C474E8GF4EF4?
+8F4C5B?4G?4 G?4758D4JGA4AE858E4DLF8D;474C
:4DEH8DF4?E8C8DFC474:454D 8G74A87G45B?4
Tes Kompetensi Subbab
E
-00
104
Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas XI
F. Gaya Dorong Roket
5??4; E85G4; 54?BA 4D8F ?4?G FGC?4; 54?BA F8DE85GF ;A::4 8A:854A: A4GA =4A:4A E4C4 8?8FGE 8CF?4; G=GA: ?G54A:
F8C4F G74D4 4EG 78A:4A F4A:4A 8G74A ?8C4E4A A74 44A 8?;4F54?BA4D8FF8DE85GFF8D7BDBA:B?8;G74D4J4A:8?G4D74D74?4
54?BA 4E8F DAEC E8C8DF A 8DGC44A CDAEC 8D=4 DB8F
B8AFG54?BAE858?G7?8C4E4A474?4;E4478A:4AAB?4D8A4 + 8F4 54?BA 7?8C4E4A B8AFG 54?BA 8A=47
54?BA
+
54?BA
8DG54;4AB8AFGAJ4C8DE4FG4AI4FG474?4;E4478A:4A:4J47BDBA: J4A: 7?4G4A 85GE4A G74D4 F8D;474C 54?BA J4A: 4D4;AJ4 58D?4I4A4A
78A:4A 4D4; 8?4=G4A 54?BA ?8; 4D8A4 CDAEC A E44 78A:4A CDAEC :4J47BDBA:DB8FC8DG54;4AB8AFGC474DB8F74C4F7FG?E4AE854:4
58DGF
+ M
8F8D4A:4A :4J47BDBA:DB8F
+ 868C4F4A DB8F
E
4J4 7BDBA: J4A: 7?4G4A :4E C474 54?BA 74C4F 74A4?B:4A E854:4 :4J4 7BDBA: 54;4A 544D C474 DB8F
Gambar 4.8
Gaya dorong pada balon.
Tes Kompetensi Subbab
F
-00
8F4;G:4EC4A4EJ4A:8?G4D74DDB8F8? 8?4=G4A
E ,8AFG4A58E4D:4J47BDBA:E85G4;
DB8FJ4A:8EAAJ474C4F8AJ85GD4A:4EC4A4E ;4E?74DC8544D4A78A:4A8?4=G4AC4A64D4A:4E
:
E 4EE4FBF4?E85G4;DB8FF8D4EG54;4A544DAJ4
474?4;
: +85GD4A:4J4C4A4EJ4A:8?G4D74D DB8F8??8?4=G4A
E 47;4D4C4ADB8F
74C4F8?4=G78A:4AC8D68C4F4A
E F8AFG4A?4;
8?4=G4AC8DG54;4A4EE4:4E774?4DB8FF8DE85GF B?4J4A:4EE4AJ4:58D474C474CBEEE8C8DF
F8D?;4FC474:454D
A
B
B?4F8DE85GF44A8AG5G5B?4J4A:58D4EE4 : 4 B89E8A D8EFFGE FG5G4A 58D4C4
8F8D4;5B?444AA4C4A=4A:F4?
