21 Besides agricultural groups, residents also formed forestry groups in order that the
residents can obtain permits for plating in forest lands. Besides groups for males, there are also groups for females with the name of PKK 8, because there are 8
members. One of the activities of this group is cleaning other people garden together. The profit is not directly divided among members, but most of it is used to purchase
equipment for party such as plates, glasses, pots, chairs, and some are put into group’s savings. The benefit of becoming a member is if a member wants to borrow
equipment for party, he does not have to pay for anything, but a non member does. Some of the money obtained from lending equipment to non members will be used to
purchase other equipment, and put into group’s savings. Another benefit of becoming a member is that they can borrow money from group’s savings. The loan is interest
free as long as it is a short term loan. But if it is a long term loan there will be interest although small. The idea for the activity came from women.
It is heard that in Pasir Gintung sub-district, there are many unions that are related to the residents’ livelihoods. For example, there are unions for meatball sellers,
vegetable sellers, security guards etc. Besides those unions, there are also community organizations such as Petir and Paku Banten. The location of Pasir Gintung sub-
district that is near to main market causes some residents to work not only as traders but also as thugs. Thus, some residents call that area as Bronx region. This condition
triggers the emergence of community organizations like Petir and Paku Banten. The organizations’ activities among others are organizing parking lots and securing
neighborhoods. Residents think those unions and community organizations bring positive impacts, such as increase of welfare among the residents and decrease of
crime and delinquency in Pasir Gintung sub-district.
E. Residents Participation in Institutions
One of the community strengths in facing disaster is the high level of social cohesiveness of the residents, the more cohesive the residents in doing community
activities, the stronger their social cohesiveness. This social cohesiveness gives birth to cooperation when disaster strikes. The level of social cohesiveness can be seen
from the various types of residents’ social activities. Some social activities related to disaster are mutual cooperation, 3M activities, and repairing village infrastructures
like village roads, sewers, garbage disposals, and others. Based on data, out of 135 coastal residents 78.5 rarely conducted mutual cooperation activities. This was
done only once a year. Table 2.7 shows that the distribution of coastal residents who conduct mutual cooperation activities. From the illustration, it can be seen that
48.11 are in Kota Karang, 24.53 are in Kangkung, and 27.36 are in South Panjang.
From the FGD results, it is known that mutual cooperation activities in Kota Karang sub-districts have not been well implemented, especially in the matter of
togetherness. Actually there is a rule that every Friday there will be mutual cooperation activity to clean the neighborhood. However, in the implementation, the
cleaning activity in Kota Karang is more individual, done individually by the residents. The same happens when there is a damaged house. Usually the repair is
done by the house owner without any help from neighbors. This individual activity is caused by changes in the residents’ livelihoods. Back then in the 70s, most of the
residents of Kota Karang were fishermen. But due to the low income nowadays, many residents became plantation workers, entrepreneur, employees, or labors. The
variation in livelihoods activities at the same ti
other.
In contrast to Kota Kara mutual cooperation in th
month or after tides. Th help the residents who a
residents who are in plig
Figure 2.6: . Distribu
In non-coastal areas, th twice a month, twice a y
residents, 66.66 of res the residents in non-coa
year or every week 5 residents conduct mutual
Figure 2.7 :.Distributio
Cooperati Figure 2.8 shows that r
45.70 compared to o both areas, coastal or no
ds causes dissimilarity in work rhythm so it is time. However, the residents are still helpful t
arang’s residents, the residents of South Panjang that area still runs well. The activity is done ro
The activity is not only to clean the neighborhoo o are going to throw a party, like wedding party o
light.
ibution of Costal Residents Conducting Mutual Co Activities Minimum Once A Year
the frequency of mutual cooperation varied: on a year, or even once a year Figure 2.8. Out of 121
residents participate in mutual cooperation activi oastal areas conduct mutual cooperation activitie
57.78, and once a year 32.22. The mo ual cooperation activities, the bigger is the impact
tion of Non-Coastal Residents’ Participation Leve ation Based on Implementation Frequency, 2009
t road repair activities have the most residents’ o other activities. This condition happens in all su
non-coastal areas. Mutual cooperation activity wi
22 t is hard to do
l towards each ng admited that
routinely every ood but also to
y or to help the
Cooperation once a month,
121 coastal area ivities. Most of
ities 36 times a more often the
ct.
vel in Mutual ts’ participation
sub-districts in with the lowest
number of residents’ pa coastal and non-coastal
residents in coastal areas
The highest residents’ gardens 10 is in Pa
residents’ participation residents’ participation
Karang 26.76. There activity of garbage disp
participation in sewer re lowest participation com
Repair in worship faciliti 35.48 and get the lo
Kota Karang and Sout residents’ participation in
High resident’s participa community leader who i
Panjang, Batu putu and cooperation, mutual co
although in Pasir Gintun
Figure 2.8: .Distribution
in Obser Community participatio
pengajian is very high Other social activities
46.09 and 3M
4
meng
4
Three M means Mengura water tap, mengubur bury
participation is garden improvement. Comparing tal, residents in non-coastal areas give more parti
eas except in garbage disposal repair and road repa s’ participation in mutual cooperation activity
Pasir Gintung sub-district and the lowest parti n is in Kangkung sub-district. Sub-district with
n in mutual cooperation to repair garbage disp ere is no resident in Kangkung sub-district partici
isposal repair. Residents in Sukabumi Indah give repair 54,84 and residents in Batu Putu sub-dist
ompared to other sub-districts. ilities get the highest residents’ participation in Suk
lowest residents’ participation in South Panjang uth Panjang sub-districts have the highest and
n in road repair. ipation in mutual cooperation in both areas is a
o is the resource person in FGD. Community lea nd Pasir Gintung stated that relationship among
cooperation or gathering activities have been ung those activities are not well scheduled and org
on of Residents’ Participation in Mutuial cooperat served Sub-Districts in Bandar Lampung, 2009
. tion in social activities particularly on religiou
igh both in non-coastal 74.22 and coastal are that get relatively high participation are fe
enguras, menutup dan mengubur , Figure 2.9.
ras cleaning cannal-drainage system, menutup clos urying human corpse.
23 ing the 2 areas
articipation than pair activities.
ity to improve rticipation No
ith the highest isposal is Kota
ticipating in the ives the highest
istrict gives the Sukabumi Indah
ng sub-districts. and the lowest
s admitted by a eaders in South
ng residents in en petty well,
organized.
ration Activities ious discussion
areas 67.77. female tontine
losing public
Figure 2.9: .Distributio
Observ
F. Access to Servic
