Drought Identification of Residents’ Adaptation

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B. Drought

Drought usually happens from June to August. Loss impact of drought are a decline in production, as crops fail to grow properly even most of them die, and b decrease of family and environment sanitation. So in order to survive, residents must adapt to minimize the loss due to drought. Drought adaptation maybe in the forms of: 1 buying water for daily needs, 2 reducing water consumption, 3 pumping water from the closest source, 4 move to other locations and 5 holding a ritual to ask for rain. Based on Figure 4-12, in general there are three forms of adaptations that are mostly done by residents namely, buying water, reducing water consumption, and pumping water from the closest source. Those are done in order to provide and maintain the availability of water so that it can fullfil daily needs. The phenomenon of prolonged drought happening in certain areas causes the residents to perform a ritual of asking for rain. This happens in coastal areas. For more details, the followings explain the residents adaptation to drought: Figure 4.12 .Residents Adaptation to Drought in Observed Sub-Districts in Bandar Lampung Buying water . Response to drought by buying water is primarily for bathing, shitting and culinary purposes. This response to buy water, is mostly done by residents in coastal areas. Based on the data, the number of residents in coastal areas who purchase water during drought is as many as 37.85 of the total residents of Lampung, while in non-coastal areas, the number is as many as 19.52 of the total residents of Lampung. If seen in detail in every sub-district, every resident in Batu Putu does not purchase water while drought. This is possible because water supply in this area is relatively more available than other areas, despite drought in Bandar Lampung. Moreover, it may be due to no water sellers in the area, due to geographical condition that does not allow people to sell water. So residents in this area rely on available water sources. In contrast to residents in Pasir Gintung and Sukabumi Indah, buying water is a common thing to do during flood because these two sub-districts are located near the city. Of all the residents in Pasir Gintung, only 58 purchase water during drought. While in Sukabumi Indah the number is 68.97. This is what occurs 65 in coastal areas. Residents in coastal area that buy water are from Kangkung sub- district. As many as 82.05 of the residents in this area buy water. It is the same in the two other areas, in Kota Karang the number is 67.86, while in South Panjang the number is 62.50. Reducing water consumption . The first response when drought strikes is to reduce water consumption. In this situation residents automatically save water, especially for bathing and washing activities. But there are not many residents who do this. There are only 8.66 in non-coastal areas and 8.27 in coastal areas of the total residents who perform the reduction of water consumption. If seen from the proportion in each areasub-district, there are two areas in which its residents reduce water consumption more than residents in other areas, namely Sukabumi Indah 27.59 of the total residents in Sukabumi Indah and South Panjang 27.50 of the total residents in South Panjang. Pumping water from the closest source . For residents who do not buy water, water availability is obtained by pumping water from nearby sources. In each area there is usually a well as a source of communal water. This adaptation is done mostly by residents in coastal areas. If seen in detail, the percentage of residents pumping water from nearby sources in coastal areas is larger than in non-coastal areas. There are only 20 of the residents in Pasir Gintung who pump water from nearby sources. This proportion is larger than other villages in coastal areas. Meanwhile, the proportion of residents in coastal areas is relatively equal with a range of 22-30.7 of the total residents in each area. Thus, areas such as Pasir Gintung, Kangkung, Kota Karang and South Panjang, have water sources that can be relied upon when drought strikes.

C. Income Strategy