Assessment of effectiveness of current initiatives and
89 Law No. 172003 on State Finance regulates stages in the district-level budgeting
process. It said that district budget should be based on district annual work plan RKPD.
Law No. 252004 on the National Development Planning System primarily provides the legal basis for the interconnected planning system which includes
long-term, medium-term and annual development plans, at the national as well as at the local levels, sectoral per departmentministry at the national level and per
SKPD at the local level. The main aim of this development planning system is to ensure that all development efforts in the country are conducted efficiently,
effectively and leading toward the realization of stated development targets. The law also affirms that the Government Work Plan at the national level and the
Local Government work plan RKPD should respectively become the reference for the national annual budget and local budget.
Law No. 322005 on Local Government has the intention to integrate planning and budgeting processes into one low. This law reaffirms the various types of
development plans, which include long term plan with a 20 year period, medium term with a 5-year period and the annual plan RKPD.
The connection between Law No. 172003, Law 252004 and Law 322004 can be theoretically illustrated in the Figure 7.1.
Figure 7.1 :Integrated System of Planning and Budgeting at National and
RegionalLocal Levels Beside those local development planning and budgeting laws, there are other laws
related with spatial management and disaster management which should also to be considered in climate change adaptation planning.
Law No. 242007 on Disaster Management regulates steps need to be taken in disaster management including pre-disaster, emergency response and post-
disaster management. The main substances of Law 242007 are consisting these following aspects: i roles and responsibilities of national and
regionallocal government in each disaster management stages; ii institutionalization at national and regionallocal level in disaster
90 management, iii the right of community in disaster management, iv the
involvement of international organization and business sector, v controlling mechanism on disaster management, vi sanction mechanism.
Law No. 262007 on Spatial Planning provides policy and strategy to integrate the use of natural resources and man-made resources as well as to
protect spatial function and negative impacts on natural environment. The implementation strategy of spatial planning consist of: i application of
consistent zoning regulation as part of detail spatial plan, ii systemic spatial utilization control mechanism through zoning regulation, permit system,
incentive and disincentive;, iii consistent law enforcement.
On the Bandar Lampung Medium Term Development Plan 2005-2010, the city vision is to achieve the Bandar Lampung community which has a welfare, just, safe
and democratic to support good public service. In order to achieve the vision, it is agreed to formulate 9 nine missions as follows:
1. To achieve good quality and affordable education based on their strong
beliefs; 2.
To achive religion life harmony; 3.
To improve community health level; 4.
To improve good quality infrastructures in line with spatial planning; 5.
To create city safe and order and to alleviate social problems; 6.
To improve economic development and maintaining community basic needs; 7.
To manage sustainable and responsible natural resources; 8.
To achieve clean, responsible and participatory governance; 9.
To strengthen law supremacy based on democratic justice. Based on its vision and mission, it was stated five main issues in urban development
namely: education, health, people economic, environment, infrastructure and law enforcement and social protection.
In response to disaster management, the Bandar Lampung City Government has formulated a disaster mitigation study in year 2008. The study aimed i to map
vulnerable areas on disaster, ii to analyse natural hazard risk and man-made hazard, iii to formulate program and action plan in reducing hazard risk. Beside the action
plan, Bandar Lampung city government has established a Local Disaster Management Board in November 2009. The Board has responsibility in preparing
disaster management as well as to anticipate the problems related to disaster. Through the existence of this board, it is expected to have quick response in dealing
with disaster management.
Some problems and identified strategies on disaster management in Bandar Lampung can be seen in this following table.
91 Table 7.3
.. Problems and alternative strategy in related to development planning and
disaster management in Bandar Lampung
Problem Alternative Strategy
• Less quality and quantity of urban infrasturcture
• Uneven distribution
of urban
infrastructure • Lack of financial capacity on
infrastructure maintenance
and development
• Ineffective spatial planning • High damage of water sheed areas
• Uncontrolled mining • Increase surfece water pollution
• Lack
of law
enforcement on environmental damage
• Lack of community awareness on managing environment
• Lack of solid waste management • There are disaster hazard landslide,
flooding, earthquake, tsunami • Improved quality and quantity of
urban infrastructure • Improve quality and quantity of
public building • Improve
urban fringe
area infrastructure
• Improve transportation
infrastructure • Improve controlling on urban spatial
utilization • Rehabilitate natural resource and
environmental protection • Improve pollution control and
environmental damage • Increase
community acces
in empowering and natural resource
empowerment • Improve natural resource protection
• Rehabilitate damaged environemnt • Improve solid waste management
•
Programs and Activities that related with Climate Change
a. Programs and Activities from Local Budget
Climate change involves various sector and activities. The assessment of climate change program and initiatives at local level is based on sectoral data. There are
several sectoral which can be classified as climate change related sector in Bandar Lampung such as health, environment, public works, planning and fishery and
marine. Some programs and activities related to climate sector for each sector are as follows:
Table 7.4 . Programs and activities related to climate for each sector
Health sector Health promotion and community empowerment, healthy
environment, access for poor people, prevention transmitted diseases, etct
Environment Pollution control and environmental improvement, natural
resources protection and conservation, solid waste management, green open space management, etc
Public works Drainage system improvement, flood control, control over spatial
planning, regional development and natural resource improvement, etc
Fishery and marine Coastal area mitigation
Forestry Forest and land rehabilitation
92 In 2008, Bandar Lampung city government allocated IDR 11 Billion equivalent to
USD 1.2 Million for climate change related activities in five sector. Compare to total local budget, both for routine and development expenditure, the percentage of
the budget that allocated by local government for climate change related activities was only about 1 percent of total budget. Public works sector allocated about IDR
8.8 Billion 9 percent of its budget for some programs and activities related with climate change. Then health sector allocated almost IDR 3.2 Billion, and
environmental sector is about IDR 2.2 Billion. For forestry sector, there was central government fund provided throuh task assistance in 2008 which amount of IDR 1.5
Billion especially for forest and land rehabilitation.
Table 7.5 . Budget Related to Climate Change 2008
Sector Budget Realization
in IDR Billion Total budget
Related to CC Health
21.9 3.2
15 Public Work
99.7 8.8
9 Environment
3.3 2.2
66 Planning
4.5 0.1
2 Fishery
5.6 1.5
27 Source of budget from central government technical assistance
b. Program and Activity from Central Government Central government also contributed to the improvement of environment in Bandar
Lampung. Some programs have been implemented in the City such as NUSSP and PNPM Urban. The implementation of these program need contribution from local
government.
As the central city of Lampung Province, City of Bandar Lampung became a magnet for community surrounding the area to come to the city. Rapid urbanisation without
appropriapte service provision support has created problem to the city including the growth of slum areas.
In order to address the problem, city government has been participated in the Neighbourhood Upgrading and Shelter Sector Project
NUSSP, funded by Asian Development Bank
ADB, The project is aimed to assist local government in reducing the number of urban poverty through partnership development among
government, private sector and community. The NUSSP has built neighbourhood infrastructures and facilities such as local road construction, solid waste
management, water supply, drainage system, community toilets and street lighting. In total, there were 142 hectares of slum areas have been upgraded with the number
of beneficiaries reached 12.000 household.
Project financing has been done through cost sharing from ADB loan and local government budget 60:40. The cost sharing is based on local government capacity.
Table below show the cost sharing between two parties:
93 Table 7.6
.. Cost Sharing in NUSSP Project in IDR Billion
2006 2007
2008 ADB
LG ADB
LG ADB
LG 4.38
3.2 2.6
1.7 5.9
2.5 Total 7.6
4.3 8.4
Another program that contributes to infrastructure improvement in Bandar Lampung is Program PNPM Mandiri Urban. The involvement of the city in this program is to
improve urban infrastructure in the city. In 2010, PNPM Mandiri Urban is implementing in 13 locations with total budget allocation is about IDR 18.5 Billion
or equivalent to USD 2 Million. The fund is coming from central government IDR 15.5 Billion and local government IDR 3.17.