c. Translation Process
The process of translation is an act of recreating meaning from the source language into the target language. Nida and Taber 1982: 33 state three stages in
translation process: 1 Analysis, in which the surface structure i.e. the meaning as given in source
language is analyzed in terms a the grammatical relationship and b the meaning of the words and combination of words.
2 Transfer, in which the analyzed material is transferred in the mind of translator from source language to receptor language.
3 Restructuring, in which the transferred material is restructured in order to make the final message fully acceptable in the receptor language.
The translation process can be illustrated as follow:
SOURCE LANGUAGE RECEPTOR LANGUAGE
ANALYSIS RESTRUCTURING
TRANSFER Figure 1. Translation process by Nida and Taber
Meanwhile, Bell 1991: 20 states that the translation process is the transformation of a source language text into a target language text by means of
processes which take place within memory: 1 the analysis of one language- specific text the source language text into a universal non-language-specific
semantic representation and 2 the synthesis of that semantic representation into a second language-specific text the target language text.
Figure 2. Translation process by Bell
Dealing with the steps that must be done in the translation process, in order to make a good translation, the translator must understand more in each process of
translation not only in the final product. Thus, translation is not an easy process unless it is done carefully and correctly. Furthermore, it will produce a good
translation with the best meaning accuracy.
d. Theory of Meaning in Translation
The overriding principle is that translation is meaning-based rather than form-based. Once the translator has identified the meaning of the source text, his
goal is to express that same meaning in the receptor language with forms which may be very different from those of the source text Larson, 1984: ix.
Meaning is important thing in translation process. When a translator makes a translation, it means that the translator transfers meaning of source text.
What is necessary to consider is that the meaning must be maintained constantly or, in other words, when the change of form occurs, the meaning must be
maintained.
Memory Source
Language Text Analysis
Synthesis Target
Language Text Semantic
Representation
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