Keragaman Genetik Kacang Bogor

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Tujuan penelitian ini adalah 1 memperoleh informasi pengaruh zat pengatur tumbuh BAP dan NAA dalam induksi dan proliferasi tunas dan pengakaran kacang bogor, 2 memperoleh informasi media dan eksplan terbaik dalam induksi dan proliferasi kalus embriogenik dan media regenerasi kalus menjadi embrio somatik kacang bogor asal Sukabumi, Jawa Barat, Indonesia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa induksi tunas dipengaruhi oleh interaksi antara media yang mengandung 1.0 –2.0 mg L -1 BAP dengan tipe eksplan pada semua peubah yang diamati. Media terbaik untuk induksi dan proliferasi tunas adalah media yang mengandung 2.0 mg L -1 BAP. Media terbaik untuk perakaran secara in vitro adalah kombinasi 2.0 mg L -1 BAP dengan 0.1 mg L -1 NAA. Induksi kalus tertinggi dihasilkan pada media yang mengandung 5 mg L -1 2,4-D dan 3 mg L -1 picloram dengan eksplan terbaik daun muda. Tingkat proliferasi kalus pada media picloram lebih tinggi daripada media 2,4-D. Penurunan konsentrasi auksin sampai 0.1 mg L -1 belum berhasil menginduksi kalus-kalus embriogenik membentuk embrio somatik. Keyword: 2,4-D dan picloram, BAP dan NAA, in vitro Bambara, axis dan leaflet 21 ORGANOGENESIS DAN EMBRYOGENESIS OF BAMBARA GROUNDNUT Vigna subterranea L. Verdc. ORIGIN SUKABUMI Abstract Increased genetic diversity of bambara groundnut through mutation induction and genetic transformation can be achieved if a reliable protocol for plant regeneration system in vitro is available. The purpose of this study was to 1 obtain information about the affect of growth regulators BAP and NAA on induction and proliferation of shoots and roots of bambara groundnut, 2 obtain information about the medium and the best explants for the induction and proliferation of embryogenic callus and regeneration into somatic embryos of bambara groundnut from Sukabumi region, West Java, Indonesia. The results showed that the shoot induction is influenced by the interaction between the medium containing 1.0-2.0 mg L -1 BAP and explants types on all of the observed variables. The best medium for induction and proliferation of shoots is a medium containing 2.0 mg L -1 BAP. The best medium for roots induction in vitro is combination of 2.0 mg L -1 BAP with 0.1 mg L -1 NAA. The highest callus induction is produced in medium containing 5 mg L -1 2,4-D and 3 mg L -1 picloram with young leaf the best explants. The proliferation rate of callus on media with picloram in higher than those containing 2,4-D. Reduced auxin concentration to 0.1 mg L -1 have not been succesfuly to induction embryogenic callus-phase into somatic embryos. Keyword: 2,4-D and picloram, BAP and NAA, in Vitro Bambara, axis and leaflet