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instrumental. Beside that, cross-cutting issues need profound review so that mitigation actions may be effective and economical. Good understanding on
cross-cutting cost reduction is important, but it is also necessary to observe challenges in the policy implementation of each sector thoroughly. Thus, an
appropriate suite of policies will be achieved.
RAN-GRK was developed based on the program and activities of Ministries Agencies in 2010-2014 RPJMN and 2005-2025 RPJPN which would then be
discussed by inter-MinistriesAgencies. All of the action plans are intended for reducing the national GHG emission by 26 in 2020 from the BAU scenario.
Climate change mitigation actions that become a priority are activities that use their own funding Unilateral NAMAs, both from APBN or APBD including
loans, the private sector and the public, and must follow general criteria as follows:
1. The activities must be in line with sustainable development principles. 2. Being effective in fund use by applying lowest cost principle in reducing
GHG emission in an integrated manner. 3. Being practical in the implementation by considering political, social and
cultural aspects. 4. Being in line with the national and local development priorities in which the
activities are carried out. 5. Based on mutually beneicial principle by prioritizing development program
activities that contribute to GHG emission reduction Co-Beneit. To ensure engagement with and ownership of RAN-GRK, action plan
development is conducted by involving each Ministry governmental agency. Therefore, mitigation actions that become a priority within RAN-GRK will
relect the vision and priorities of each Ministry state agency. The next step is for Bappenas to conduct process analysis and policy development for
integration into the national development planning.
2.5 AN-GRK Review Process
To establish GHG emission reduction action, it is necessary to have a comprehensive basis for analysis, simultaneously considering on-going
dynamic developments taking place both at the national and global level. In addition, scientiic and technological developments enable various new
breakthroughs that can provide alternative methodologies to approach and solutions for GHG emission reduction calculation in Indonesia.
Guideline for Implementing Green House Gas Emission Reduction Action Plan
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The national GHG emission level calculation based on BAU condition needs to be done accurately. For several sectors, re-evaluation needs to be done.
Therefore, it is necessary periodically to conduct RAN-GRK monitoring and review based on these considerations. RAN-GRK document renewal is
also made possible based on the international negotiation results in the UN Convention on Climate Change UNFCCC.
The goal of a RAN-GRK review is to: • Secure international recognition from UNFCCC that Indonesia has met its
promise to reduce GHG emission. • Accommodate the latest information, developmental progress and
negotiation results at the international level. • Meet requirements to access international funds such as Green Climate
Fund . Furthermore, after the issuance of Prepres No. 61 Year 2011 on RAN-GRK, a
review needs to be done to follow up various issues, namely: • To date, there has been no baseline on the Business As Usual BAU
condition in Indonesia, while baseline establishment is vital in identifying how much GHG emission is successfully reduced through the mitigation actions
that are executed. Moreover, to calculate the baseline, it is necessary to set GHG emission reduction targets correctly for related sectors.
• Baseline calculation must consider development plans from sectors related to GHG emission reduction and must be translated until 2020.
• Detailed calculation as a basis for supporting information to set GHG emission reduction targets for each sector within RAN-GRK is not available
yet. However, the best way to calculate GHG emission allocation for each sector target is by irstly establishing a baseline; secondly, developing
mitigation action scenarios for example, to improve energy eficiency program, improve production process, or shift in use of industrial raw
materials; lastly, calculating GHG emission reduction potential within the mitigation actions implementing period. In other words, if baseline setting
is made the calculation basis for the impacts of GHG emission reduction actions, reasonable target igures for each sector may be obtained.
• Many mitigation actions for reducing emission by 26 which are contained in the annex of Perpres No. 61 Year 2011 need to be reviewed as to whether
such activities can potentially reduce GHG emission. For example, the forestry sector includes tree-growing as GHG emission mitigation action,
however there is no explanation as to how much emission will be reduced or carbon will be absorbed through the effort. Furthermore, basic data for peat
land must be completed in order to be able to identify how much potential it has and the best mitigation action design.
