RAN-GRK in Development Planning System

Guideline for Implementing Green House Gas Emission Reduction Action Plan 10 Figure 2. Position of RAN-GRK in Development Planning System. Figure 3. RAN-GRK Implementation Time Frame. RPJN 2005-2025 RP JMN 2010-2014 RP JMD RKP RKPD APBN APBD RP JMN 2010-2014 RENSTRA SKPD DEVELOPMENT PLAN RPJP RPJM RPJM 2 RPJM 3 RPJM 4 RAN - GRK RP JMN 2010-2014 RENJA SKPD RAN PENURUNAN EMISI RAD PENURUNAN EMISI UNFCCC RPJPD 2010 2020 2005 2025 2004 2009 2014 2019 2025 The 2010-2020 RAN-GRK implementation is divided into three time frames, starting from the Second National Mid-Term Development Plan RPJMN years 2010-2014, continued by the Third RPJMN years 2015-2019, and the Fourth RPJMN period years 2020-2024. Funding for 2010-2014 RAN-GRK implementation has been allocated in the 2010-2014 RPJMN. Subsequently, for the following years, RAN-GRK will provide policy direction for the government in GHG emission reduction with estimated cost budget see picture 3. Picture translation: RPJMN 2010-2014: 2010-2014 National Medium-Term Development Plan; RPJPN 2005-2025: 2005-2025 National Long-Term Development Plan; RKP: Government Work Plan; APBN: State Budget; RAN PENURUNAN EMISI: National Action Plan for Emission Reduction; RAD PENURUNAN EMISI: Local Action Plan for Emission Reduction; RPJPD: Local Local Long-Term Work Plan; RPJMD: Local Medium-Term Work Plan; RKPD: Local Government Work Plan; APBD: Local Budget; RENSTRA SKPD: Strategic Plan of Local Apparatus Working Unit; RENJA SKPD: Work Plan of Local Apparatus Working Unit Guideline for Implementing Green House Gas Emission Reduction Action Plan 11

2.4 Problems and Challenges

Indonesia is the world’s biggest archipelagic country with more than 17,000 large and small islands and a long coastline. This has been the national asset. However, on the other hand it the country becomes a victim of the impacts of climate change. Furthermore, Indonesia is extremely prone to various natural disasters due to its geographical position and geological condition. Moreover, most of the people’s livelihoods still depend on natural resources management, especially in the agriculture sector, which turns out to increase the level of risk of climate change impact threats. With the above mentioned conditions, it is reasonable that Indonesia, as one of the prone countries, takes the front line in the global efforts to address climate change impacts. Besides this, there is huge potential insofar as conducting climate change mitigation actions should become a driving force for Indonesia to optimize its strategic position in various international forums, such as fostering bilateral or multilateral cooperations to face climate change impacts. Efforts to deal with climate change impacts constitute an integral part of the national development, so that all planning must be in line with the national economic development planning. Thus, climate change adaptation and mitigation action planning are integrated into the national and local development planning provincial, districtcity and local. Indonesia also has huge potential for reducing GHG emission signiicantly and cumulatively by 2020. Therefore, it is necessary to take into consideration sectors and programs that become priorities, the various costs abatement cost for each sector’s actions, and also to have tools to evaluateeconomic impacts against GHG emission reduction achievements; it is necessary to take into consideration that target for GHG emission reduction may increase if the scenario used is different; and it is necessary to develop GHG emission inventory and monitoring systems from all sectors. The Forest and peat land sectors are estimated to have the biggest potential to reduce GHG emission with the lowest cost. However, several activities need to be carried out in order not to be trapped into BAU scenario and to obtain maximum results. To achieve GHG emission reduction signiicantly, increased human resources capacity and institutional capacity in every sector and region become very Guideline for Implementing Green House Gas Emission Reduction Action Plan 12 instrumental. Beside that, cross-cutting issues need profound review so that mitigation actions may be effective and economical. Good understanding on cross-cutting cost reduction is important, but it is also necessary to observe challenges in the policy implementation of each sector thoroughly. Thus, an appropriate suite of policies will be achieved. RAN-GRK was developed based on the program and activities of Ministries Agencies in 2010-2014 RPJMN and 2005-2025 RPJPN which would then be discussed by inter-MinistriesAgencies. All of the action plans are intended for reducing the national GHG emission by 26 in 2020 from the BAU scenario. Climate change mitigation actions that become a priority are activities that use their own funding Unilateral NAMAs, both from APBN or APBD including loans, the private sector and the public, and must follow general criteria as follows: 1. The activities must be in line with sustainable development principles. 2. Being effective in fund use by applying lowest cost principle in reducing GHG emission in an integrated manner. 3. Being practical in the implementation by considering political, social and cultural aspects. 4. Being in line with the national and local development priorities in which the activities are carried out. 5. Based on mutually beneicial principle by prioritizing development program activities that contribute to GHG emission reduction Co-Beneit. To ensure engagement with and ownership of RAN-GRK, action plan development is conducted by involving each Ministry governmental agency. Therefore, mitigation actions that become a priority within RAN-GRK will relect the vision and priorities of each Ministry state agency. The next step is for Bappenas to conduct process analysis and policy development for integration into the national development planning.

2.5 AN-GRK Review Process

To establish GHG emission reduction action, it is necessary to have a comprehensive basis for analysis, simultaneously considering on-going dynamic developments taking place both at the national and global level. In addition, scientiic and technological developments enable various new breakthroughs that can provide alternative methodologies to approach and solutions for GHG emission reduction calculation in Indonesia.