AN-GRK Review Process NATIONAL ACTION PLAN FOR GREEN HOUSE GAS EMISSION REDUCTION
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The national GHG emission level calculation based on BAU condition needs to be done accurately. For several sectors, re-evaluation needs to be done.
Therefore, it is necessary periodically to conduct RAN-GRK monitoring and review based on these considerations. RAN-GRK document renewal is
also made possible based on the international negotiation results in the UN Convention on Climate Change UNFCCC.
The goal of a RAN-GRK review is to: • Secure international recognition from UNFCCC that Indonesia has met its
promise to reduce GHG emission. • Accommodate the latest information, developmental progress and
negotiation results at the international level. • Meet requirements to access international funds such as Green Climate
Fund . Furthermore, after the issuance of Prepres No. 61 Year 2011 on RAN-GRK, a
review needs to be done to follow up various issues, namely: • To date, there has been no baseline on the Business As Usual BAU
condition in Indonesia, while baseline establishment is vital in identifying how much GHG emission is successfully reduced through the mitigation actions
that are executed. Moreover, to calculate the baseline, it is necessary to set GHG emission reduction targets correctly for related sectors.
• Baseline calculation must consider development plans from sectors related to GHG emission reduction and must be translated until 2020.
• Detailed calculation as a basis for supporting information to set GHG emission reduction targets for each sector within RAN-GRK is not available
yet. However, the best way to calculate GHG emission allocation for each sector target is by irstly establishing a baseline; secondly, developing
mitigation action scenarios for example, to improve energy eficiency program, improve production process, or shift in use of industrial raw
materials; lastly, calculating GHG emission reduction potential within the mitigation actions implementing period. In other words, if baseline setting
is made the calculation basis for the impacts of GHG emission reduction actions, reasonable target igures for each sector may be obtained.
• Many mitigation actions for reducing emission by 26 which are contained in the annex of Perpres No. 61 Year 2011 need to be reviewed as to whether
such activities can potentially reduce GHG emission. For example, the forestry sector includes tree-growing as GHG emission mitigation action,
however there is no explanation as to how much emission will be reduced or carbon will be absorbed through the effort. Furthermore, basic data for peat
land must be completed in order to be able to identify how much potential it has and the best mitigation action design.
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• The policy direction set in RAN-GRK needs developing further into practical issues.
• There is no establishment of mitigation actions to reach GHG emission reduction target range from 26 to 41.
• There is no monitoring system for RAN-GRK implementation, while to be able to be internationally recognized, Indonesia needs to submit a report
that follows the MRV standard Measureable, Reportable, and Veriiable
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. For GHG emission reduction mitigation actions by 26, the national
MRV system is considered being already adequate, but the result still need consultation and analyzing according to the international standard.
Meanwhile, for GHG emission reduction target ranging from 26 to 41, Indonesia must possess an MRV system according to the international
standard UNFCCC. If designed, implemented and monitored properly, RAN-GRK will be recognized by UNFCCC as Indonesia’s oficial mitigation
target that was presented on January 30, 2010.
The Ministry of National Development Planning Bappenas will conduct periodic coordination in the integrated RAN-GRK evaluation and review
adjust it to the national needs and latest global developments. After that, the Minister of PPNBappenas will submit a recommendation for a RAN-GRK
review to the Coordinating Minister for Economy who will determine changes on the Matrix of RAN-GRK Activities as mentioned in Annex of Perpres No.
61 Year 2011 on RAN-GRK.
The Sixteenth Conference Of Parties COP held in December 2010 in Cancun, produced deinitions related to categorization of NAMAs Nationally
Appropriate Mitigation Actions, namely: • Unilateral NAMAs Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions Supported by
Domestic Financial Sources: Mitigation actions carried out by a developing country independently to
reach a particular GHG emission reduction level without any international support other countries based on UNFCCC framework UNFCCC. The
inancing of this type of NAMAs comes from domestic inancial sources and focuses on cost saving and implementation of mitigation measures with low
cost for per ton of carbon, especially for actions that speciically target ‘no
regret’ option or have negative cost. Indonesia already announced Unilateral NAMAs in 2009 by targeting
national GHG emission reduction by 26 from BAU scenario in 2020. • Supported NAMAs Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions that receives
international support:
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Explanation on MRV is in Chapter 6 of Guideline for Implementing GHG Emission Reduction Action Plan
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A developing country’s mitigation actions with direct support from developed countries as mitigation actions supported internationally based on UNFCCC
framework. Supported NAMAs consist of mitigation action options that require medium
to high cost. However, results of the emission reduction action cannot be traded in carbon market with other countries to meet their commitment.
In Indonesia, the action refers to national GHG emission reduction target range by 26 to 41 from Business As Usual BAU scenario.
• Credited NAMAs Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions that Produce Carbon Credit:
A developing country’s mitigation actions that produce carbon credit for trading in carbon market which will be used as compensation offset for
GHG emission reduction in developed countries. Several examples of Credited NAMAs are, Clean Development Mechanism
CDM, voluntary carbon market project, bilateral offset mechanism BOM or other activities that produce carbon credit.
In general, NAMAs that produce carbon credit are expected to be concentrated on mitigation actions that require the highest cost. All project-
based activities that produce carbon offset credit cannot be used as GHG emission reduction by the Government of Indonesia.
Based on the negotiation results in Caucun’s COP 16 in Mexico, it is stipulated in paragraph 53 to develop a Registry that records NAMAs which
seek international support and facilitate between developing countries and developed countries in getting proper inancial support, technologies, and
capacity building for mitigation actions to be done.
UNFCCC Secretariat will record and renew information on NAMAs to seek available international support from developed countries and support made
available for NAMAs.
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