Institutional Role and Its Authority

Guideline for Implementing Green House Gas Emission Reduction Action Plan 91 In PP No. 382007, all GHG emission reduction activity sectors in RAN-GRK are under governmental affairs that are divided together among levels andor governmental structure 8 . Table 20 shows the connection between the GHG emission reduction sector and governmental affairs division, as well as indicating classiication of governmental affairs which are obligatory and optional for Provincial Governments and DistrictCity Governments, depending on their respective regional characteristics. Deinition of ‘obligatory affairs’ is governmental affairs which must be administered by Provincial Governments and DistrictCity Governments related to basic services 9 . Whereas, optional affairs are governmental affairs which really exist and can potentially increase people’s welfare according to the condition, uniqueness, and top potential of the relevant regions 10 . Public W orks Waste Management Obligatory Affairs Governmental Affairs Division PP No. 38 Year 2007 SECTOR Optional Affairs Forestry and Peat Land Management Agriculture Energy and Transport Industry Housing Spatial Planning Development Planning T ransportation Environment Agriculture and Food Security Forestry Industri Energy and Mineral Resources • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Table 20. Connection Between GHG Emission Reduction Sector on RAN and Governmental Affairs Division. Source: Summarized from PP No. 38 Year 2007. In governmental affairs division, both obligatory and optional affairs, in general there are some criteria for consideration, namely externality, accountability, 8 See PP No. 382007 article 2 9 PP No. 382007, article 7, paragraph 1 10 PP No. 382007, article 7, paragraph 3 Guideline for Implementing Green House Gas Emission Reduction Action Plan 92 and eficiency by paying attention to the relationship among governmental levels andor structures 11 . In practice, governmental affairs division will be very contextual and create difference between one period and another one, and between regions. Therefore, at technical arrangement for each sector, governmental affairs need to be done by looking at the arrangement conducted through ministrynon-departmental agency dealing with the governmental affairs. In general, the Central Government through MinistersHead of non- departmental Governmental Agencies has an authority for establishing norms, standards, procedures, and criteria NSPK for the implementation of obligatory and optional affairs. The NSPK then functions as a guideline for Provincial Governments and DistrictCity Governments in implementing each of the obligatory and optional affairs. By division of authorities owned by Local Governments, mitigation options can be proposed as long as it they are still within the scope of the authorities. Table 21 illustrates division of authorities for the Central Government, Provincial Governments and District City Governments based on PP No.382007. CENTRAL GOVERNMENT PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENTS DISTRICCITY GOVERNMENTS Table 21. Framework of Governmental Affairs Division. 11 PP No. 382007, article 4 a Independent administration of governmental affairs b Devolution of some governmental affairs to governors as government’s representatives for deconcentration c Assignment of some governmental affairs to Local Governments based on co-administration principle. a Independent administration of provincial governmental affairs b Assignment of some governmental affairs to DistrictCity Governments based on co-administration principle a Independent administration of districtcity governmental affairs b Assignment of some governmental affairs to village governments based on co-administration principle RAD-GRK needs to be implemented in the institutional framework that is suitable and was previously established, and it is necessary to have understanding on distribution of authorities among governmental levels related to climate change. Basically, the central government has built a general policy complete with norms, standards, procedures, and criteria NSPK Nurhadi, 2009. On the other hand, provincial governments that are the extended hands of the central government in regions have authorities for controlling the implementation of national policies and NSPK. However, Guideline for Implementing Green House Gas Emission Reduction Action Plan 93 provincial governments also have a role in facilitating issues among districts cities. Whereas, in the decentralization context, different application to each sector will depend on the context of the sectoral needs. For the context of institutional preparation at the local level, it must be understood about the impact on the arrangement of local apparatus organization, as mentioned in Article 12 Paragraph 2 of PP No. 382007 on Division of Governmental Affairs. Whereas, provisions on governance of the arrangement of local apparatus organizations need to be established in the framework regulated on PP No. 412007 on Local Apparatus Organizations. Then, local emission reduction targets, established in Governor’s Regulation are targets of Heads of Regions assisted by local apparatus that can administer governmental affairs. According to PP No. 412007, local apparatus at the Provincial and DistrictCity levels can take the forms of Local Secretariat, DPRD Secretariat, Local DInas, as well as Local Technical Agencies; plus, Subdistricts and Villages for Districts Cities. Beside that, PP No. 412007 also mentions the existence of Local Planning and Development Agency and Local Inspectorate as types of local apparatus organizations needed for supporting the administration of governmental affairs. In the context of governmental affairs execution related to GHG emission reduction see Table 22, will be closely related to the development of local apparatus organizations, especially on the formulation of Key Tasks and Functions of a Local Dinas andor Local Technical Agency, and related sub- organizations in this case, the Technical Implementing Units. Arrangement of local apparatus organizations in a region may vary, depending on respective regional characteristics and developmental plans. In the context of GHG emission reduction, PP No. 412007 regulates the size and classiication of governmental affairs as foundation for establishment of local apparatus organization structure. Chapter V of PP No. 412007. Variables of the organizational size are more based on the aspect of population number and amount of Local Budget APBD, so that they are less contextual to GHG emission reduction actions. To get connection between GHG emission reduction and local apparatus organization structure, it would be better if it is done through a search for connection between GHG emission reduction sectors regulated in RAN-GRK and classiication of affairs as the foundation for establishing Local Dinas andor Local Technical Agency regulated in PP No. 412007. Guideline for Implementing Green House Gas Emission Reduction Action Plan 94 The following is a synthesis result between both things, as a foundation for Provincial Governments in evaluating and measuring implications which need to be considered in the institutional preparation for RAD-GRK implementation: Health Sector Classiication of Affairs Put in Types of Local Dinas Article 22, paragraph 4 Mining and Energy Sector GHG Emission Reduction Sectors RAN GRK Division of Governmental Affairs Classiication and Suitability with Local Apparatus Organizations Article

22, PP No. 412007

Transportation, Communications, and Informatics Sectors Classiication of Affairs Put into Type of Agency, Ofice, Inspectorate, and Hospital Article 22, Paragraph 5 Public Works Sector including bina margadirectorate general for highway construction and maintenance, water resource develop- ment, cipta karyadirectorate for planning, housing and urban development and spatial planning Development Planning and Statistics Sector Economy sector, including cooperatives and micro, small and medium, industry and trading Environmental Sector Land Affairs Service Sector Food Security Sector Agriculture sector including food crop, animal husbandry, land isher- ies, marine affairs and isheries, plantation and forestry W aste Management Forestry and Peat Land Agriculture Energy and T ransport Industry • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Table 22. Connection between GHG Emission Reduction Sector on RAN-GRK and Governmental Affairs Clasiication PP No. 412007. the mentioned classiication of Governmental Affairs have been reduced according to the connection with the GHG emission reduction context - Source: Summarized from RAN GRK and PP No. 412007 Based on Table 22, in preparing institutional implementation, provincial governments can identify Local Dinas andor Local Technical Agencies related to meeting point between governmental affairs classiication and sectors regulated in RAN-GRK on GHG emission reduction. Therefore, all Local Dinas andor Local Technical Agencies located in the sliced section between governmental affairs classiication and sectors in RAN- GRK need to get involved starting from the planning year, implementation, control and evaluation of RAD-GRK activities. Guideline for Implementing Green House Gas Emission Reduction Action Plan 95

7.6 Pre-Condition Institution: Activity Adjustment Among Governmental Levels

The following important measure for Provincial Governments to understand the pre-condition of the existing institutional framework is to adjust inter-level activities in GHG emission reduction. This is important to be carried out so that very local activities in provinces still contribute to emission reduction at the national level. There are two principles in adjusting inter-governmental level activities: a Consistency and integration to National Interest The guideline provides direction so that Provincial Governments can accelerate local initiatives in GHG emission reduction with continued reference to documents and agenda at the national level. Thus, national GHG emission reduction targets 26 with its own efforts and 41 with international support become the key reference for Provincial Governments both in the interests in control and evaluation. b Integration with Developmental Agenda at the Provincial Level In general, efforts to integrate targets and national policies at the local level will face challenges, especially because regions have had their own developmental agenda and priorities. Therefore, GHG emission reduction cannot be separated from earlier provincial developmental plans. In line with both principles, the following are some measures to adjust inter- governmental level interests in GHG emission reduction, namely: 1 Analysis on target, policy, program and action at the national level directly related to GHG emission sources in the province. 2 Analysis and inventory of provincial developmental plans deined in Local Long-Term and Medium Term Development Plan RPJPD and RPJMD. 3 Analysis and understanding of results of local GHG emission-level research inventory and recommendations for the emission reduction targets. 4 Analysis of suitability and connection between local development plans and GHG emission reduction location priorities deined on national plans. 5 Identiication of needs for provincial action based on direction from national plans that are not yet mentioned in provincial development plans. 6 Decision making on substance where of provincial and national development plans are contradictory.