writer of this research decided to take chapter three as representative and using sample study.
To get a reliable and qualified research, the data must be listed and grouped by each types of code-switching. Since it was an observation from a novel as a
written text, a checklist was a must to do. At first, the writer read the novel and scan the data. Then, the writer collected the data one by one. After that, the writer
examined the data. Then by examining the data, the writer categorized the data based on its type.
The types of code-switching that were used to categorize the data were the types of code-switching stated by Hoffman 1991: 110. After getting the result,
the writer analyzed which types were used the most in data, which was the code- switching found in the chapter three of the novel.
By finding the types that most frequently used, the writer could also find the reasons for using code-switching in the novel. The reasons could be analyzed by
observing result of the data in problem formulation one.
2. Data Analysis
The writer would classify the code-switching based on its types. There were three types of code-switching used, which were tag switching then would be
referred as TS, inter-sentential code-switching referred as ITES and intra- sentential code-switching referred as ITAS. Besides classified based on its types,
the data were also being classified based on its reasons for using code-switching, which were talking about particular topic then would be referred as TPT,
quoting somebody then would be referred as QS, being emphatic about something then would be referred as BES, interjection then would be referred
as IJ, repetition used for clarification then would be referred as RFC, expressing group identity then would be referred as EGI and lastly, clarifying the speech
contents for interlocutor then would be referred as CSCI. Each of the data would be named by a code based on the number of the
occurrences of code-switching, page in which the code-switching occurs, code- switching types and the reasons for using code-switching. For example, the data
code would be named 2 36 ITAS TPT which would be read as data number 2, page 36, intra-sentential code-switching types, talking about particular topic
reason. This means the data number 2 in page 36 is an intra-sentential code- switching which has been talking about particular topic TPT as the reason for
using code-switching. In the appendix, the writer would make a table. In order to make the context
easier to be understood, the very first row of the table would be used to re-write the dialogue or the narrative part of the novel which contained code-switching in a
one bigger context than the CS Case. Below the context, the writer would make a new row of six large columns.
The first column would be used for the number. The number here was used for numbering the code-switching listed based on its occurrences sequence in the
novel. The second column would be used for the code made by the writer in order to make the data easier to be read and not swapped. The third column was for CS
Case which used to list the code-switching belonged to the novel. The CS Case PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
