Revising the Designed Materials

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CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

This chapter discusses the methodology used in this study which is divided into six parts. They are research method, research participants, research instruments, data gathering techniques, data analysis techniques, and research procedure.

A. Research Method

As stated in Chapter I, the problem in this research dealt with a problem related to the existence for speaking materials based on Ignatin Pedagogy in the English lecture for the students of Theology Study Program of Sanata Dharma University. Therefore, the method that is proposed by the researcher to solve this problem is Research and Development RD. Research and Development RD is a process to develop and validate educational products Borg Gall, 1983, p. 772. Research and Development RD has a cycle which consists of ten steps to follow Gall Borg, 1983. They are 1 research and information collecting, 2 planning, 3 develop preliminary form of product, 4 preliminary field testing, 5 main product revision, 6 main field testing, 7 operational product revision, 8 operational field testing, 9 final product revision, 10 dissemination and implementation. Due to the limitation of time, the researcher only employs step one up to step five. 27 They are research and information collecting, planning, develop preliminary form of product, preliminary field testing, main product revision. There are two research problems in this research. They are 1 how a set of English speaking instructional materials based on Ignatian Pedagogy for Theology Study Program students of Sanata Dharma University is designed. 2 what the designed set of English speaking instructional materials looks like. In order to answer those research problems, the researcher also adapted the Kemp’s instructional model as the implementation of the Research and Development RD method.

1. Research and Information Collecting

In this step, the researcher collected the data which are the learners’ needs, lack, interest, and learning styles Borg Gall, 1983, p. 776. In order to obtain the data needed, the researcher distributed questionnaire to the first semester students of Theology Study Program of Sanata Dharma University. After collecting the data, the researcher analyzed the data based on the theories related to this research.

2. Planning

After collecting some data needed, the researcher defined the learning objectives that should be achieved by the learners. In this step, the researcher considered the needs analysis and the guidelines for the students of Theology Study Program of Sanata Dharma University. Doing this step, the researcher also employed the Kemp’s instructional design model steps namely determining goals, topics and general objectives, specifying learning objectives, and listing subject 28 contents. Those steps would help the researcher to make the syllabus and lesson plan for the designed materials. 3. Preliminary Product Developing The next step done by the researcher was preliminary product developing. The researcher conducted the preliminary form of the instructional materials after completing the primary planning Borg Gall, 1983, p. 781. In this step, the researcher employed the Kemp’s instructional design step namely selecting teaching learning activities and instructional resources. After that, the researcher made the preliminary product developing based on the information that had been gathered by doing the previous step.

4. Preliminary Field Testing

In this step, the designed material was evaluated by the experts. It was conducted to obtain feedback and suggestions to improve the designed material. In this step, the researcher adapted Kemp’s instructional design step namely conducting evaluation in order to judge the appropriateness of the designed materials for the required purposes. The designed material was evaluated by the lecturers of the English Language Education Study Program of Sanata Dharma University. The researcher distributed the expert validation questionnaire to five lecturers of the English Language Education Study Program. From their feedback and suggestions, the researcher revised the design and developed it to make it better.