Epidemiology of Plasmodium resistance to antimalarial drugs in Indonesia

127 Sekretariat Perizinan Penelitian Asing Kementerian Riset dan Teknologi DIREKTORI PENELITIAN ASING DI INDONESIA 2013 G. Serum samples will be serologically HBsAg, anti-HCV, anti-HEV etc examined to determine the status of HBV, HCV and HEV infection with sequence results in given regions

73.1 Dr. Takako Utsumi

Warga Negara : Jepang Jabatan : Assistant Professor Institusi : International Center for Medical Research and Treatment ICMRT, Kobe University No. SIP : 355SIPFRPSMIX2013

74. Epidemiology of Plasmodium resistance to antimalarial drugs in Indonesia

Tujuan Penelitian : Mengetahui sejauh mana resistensi terhadap obat anti malaria telah tersebar pada parasit malaria di Indonesia Bidang Penelitian : Mikrobiologi Daerah Penelitian : DKI Jakarta Lama Penelitian : 6 enam bulan mulai 11 Oktober 2013 Mitra Kerja : LBM Eijkman dr. Din Syafruddin, Ph.D. Abstrak Malaria is a public health problem in many parts of the world, causing an estimated 300-500 million clinical cases of the disease and killing more than 1 million people annually. The molecular mechanisms underlying the parasite resistance have been extensively investigated and several polymorphisms in the genes of the Plasmodium spp. such as pfmdr1, pfcrt, pfcg2, dhfr and dhps havebeen associated with the phenomenon. Following our previous study in 10 diferent endemic areas see Syafruddin et al, 2003; Syafruddin et al, 2005, we are currently planning to explore the frequency distribution of the mutant alleles in the aforementioned genes in another 24 malaria endemic areas across the archipelago. 128 Sekretariat Perizinan Penelitian Asing Kementerian Riset dan Teknologi DIREKTORI PENELITIAN ASING DI INDONESIA 2013 Information regarding the frequency distribution of the alleles in a given area will be of particular importance to the establishment of proper malaria control strategy.Mutant alleles in the genes associated with resistance to chloroquine and sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine have been well documented. Eforts to determine the frequency distribution of the alleles among the most common human plasmodia in Indonesia, P. falciparum and P. vivax would provide us invaluable information regarding the status of the parasite resistance in the area and that facilitate the use of proper antimalarial drugs to be used. The proposed project is planning to map the frequency distribution of the alleles in 24 malaria endemic areas in Indonesia. The project aims to determine how wide the distribution of antimalarial drugresistance has spread out among the malaria parasite in Indonesia by looking at the genetic make up of the malaria parasites in various diferent places in Indonesia. Several changes in the genes of the parasite, namely pfmdr1, pfcrt, pfcg2, dhfr and dhps have been implicated in the parasite resistance to chloroquine and itsderivatives such as piperaquine and amodiaquine. Frequency distribution of those genetic changes among the malaria parasite will indicate the current situation of antimalarial drug resistance in the area and will be important information for the establishment of antimalarial drug policy. The advent of molecular parasitology within the last few decades has enabled to diagnose genes associated with resistance to chloroquine and sulfadoxine- pyrimethamine using polymerase chain reaction PCR.

74.1 Ms. Myrte Charlot de Boer