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Abstrak
Restoration of natural ecosystem services is pivotal to promote sustainability in agriculture. Besides, ants and bees provide ecosystem services as pollinators,
while in arid environment, the presence of ants and termites reportedly increased the crop yield to 36There are a series of publication concerning the consequences
upon agricultural intensiication. Considering large-scale plantations of oil palm, Acacia mangium, teak, cofee, tea, sugarcane, and cassava in Southeast Asia, it is
ironically that the information on termite and ant communities associated with agricultural intensiication and urbanization, is relatively rare.
54.1 Dr. Neoh Kok Boon
Warga Negara : Malaysia
Jabatan : Postdoctoral Research Fellow
Institusi : Center for Souteast Asian Studies, Kyoto University
No. SIP : 75EXTSIPFRPSMIX2013
55. Understanding and Managing the Resilience of Coral Reefs and Associated Social Systems
Tujuan Penelitian : Mengukur struktur, dinamika, dan perbedaan populasi
genetika serta spesies-spesies yang penting secara ekologis dan komersil di habitat pesisir
Bidang Penelitian : Biologi Kelautan
Daerah Penelitian : Sulsel Kep. Spermonde, NTT Laut Sawu
Lama Penelitain : 12 dua belas bulan mulai 5 Februari 2013
Mitra Kerja : Fakultas Biologi Unsoed Dr. Agus Nuryanto
Abstrak
Research objectives: In this subproject, the genetic population structures, dynamics, and diversities of commercially andor ecologically important species
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of diferently utilised and exploited coral reefs in Indonesia will be measured, to add baseline data for a comprehensive picture of the state, resilience, and
management needs of each species and the ecosystem as a whole.
1 Genetic diversity and connectivity of ecologically and economically relevant
species of coral reefs in the Spermonde Archipelago and the Savu Sea. 2 Contributing baseline data for the assessment of the state of the studied
ecosystems, and management and conservation implications, like design and management of Marine Protected Areas MPAMPA networks, considering
social economic networks existing in the research area.
3 Capacity building: introducing to and supervising the use of widely applicable molecular techniques, such as PCR, sequencing, and genotyping
to Indonesian guest scientists and students. Description of study ield: The study ield of the subproject 2 in Topic 3 is molecular
ecology, concerned with population genetic analyses, phylogenetic relationships, and genetic diversities, among others. Through genetic analyses, information
about populations, like the connectivity between areas and the level of diversity of all kinds of organisms can be gathered, necessary for estimating the status and
management needs of certain species or functional groups in an ecosystem, for efective conservation eforts and possibly the sustainable use of resources.
Research material or object to be investigated: Coral reef associated species of diferent taxonomic and functional groups see Table 1 are investigated in two
regions of Indonesia, the Spermonde archipelago South Sulawesi and the Savu Sea between the islands Timor, Sumba, Alor, Flores and Sawu, that have a
commercial value or an important role in reef ecology. Groups of interest include stony corals as reef engineers, holothurians as economically and ecologically
important components, groupers as valuable resource for the life food ish market, as well as sea urchins, which might take an important part in the ecological
balance of coral and algae in the reefs.The material needed for the genetic based analyses are small tissue samples 1cm², extracted from life or dead individuals,
stored in Ethanol 70.
Research approach or methods: For the genetic analyses of the population structure and diversity in the study area, DNA from a representative number of individuals
from locations of interest, usually from various geographic areas e.g. shelf regions
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in Spermonde, is needed. Speciic genetic markers, representing small fragments of the organisms genome have to be ampliied and compared to ind diferences
and similarities in the genetic composition to estimate relationships among the dataset and possible subsets on diferent hierarchical levels e.g. within and
among populations and among groups of populations. With speciic computer programs probabilities of groupings, values of diferentiation between sites and
genetic diversities are calculated and form a picture of connectivity and isolation between populations and geographic areas.
The methods used for the lab work include diferent protocols of DNA extraction dependent on the source organism of the tissue sample, ampliication of suitable
genetic markers through the polymerase chain reaction PCR, puriication of PCR products, sequencing and fragment length analysis.The computer programs
usually used are among others Arlequin, FSTAT, DNASP, and STRUCTURE.
55.1 Prof. Dr. Marc Kochzius