195
Listrik Dinamis
..
2L,2
, 460=60=0:A8C=F0030;07
+1 ..
,, 038B460=60=0:A8C=F0030;07,
1 483430;06058:
2:0;078G=B0;A20:0 2LA2A A
4:C4=A8AC14030;07 G
41C070=6:080=F0=6387C1C=6:0=34=60=AC14;8AB8:1;0:10;8:38C:C34=60= D;B4B430=4=C=9C::0=0=6:0 ,40?0:0770600:A8CB460=60=1;0:
10;8:AC14C;8A:0=?C;0?4A000==F098:054:C4=A8=F0 G 7
8:4B07C8 , G
0 8;08B460=60=0:A8C
0:A
3878BC=634=60=4=66C=0:0=?4A000= 148:CB
0:A 0:A
, 1 4A000=B460=60=38?4;4734=60=4=66C=0:0=?4A000=148:CB
maks
sin V
t A8=
2
Contoh
8.17
41C070=6:080=0CA1;0:10;8:48;8:87060B460=60=A4106085C=6A8E0:BC F08BC
A8= 28BC=6;07 0 B460=60=0:A8C
+1
4?4834 1 B460=60=?C=20::4?C=20:
..
554:C4=A8 2 B460=60=454:B85
6B460=60=A4B4;072
A 3 54:C4=A80=6C;4
7 8:4B07C8
4A000=B460=60=A4106085C=6A8E0:BC A8= 2
;47:04=0B460=60=4C?0:0=5C=6A8A8=CA830;B47030?E0:BC0:0?4A000= B460=60=30?0B38BC;8A:0=
+
A8= 2
03A 0 460=60=0:A8C,
B49038?030A00B
A8= 2
0:0
+
, 1
.. +
, ,
2
+
, ,
Contoh
8.18
Persamaan tegangan bolak-balik suatu rangkaian listrik
memenuhi persamaan V = 314 sin 50 V.
Tentukan tegangan rata-rata yang dihasilkan sumber tersebut.
Tantangan
untuk Anda
196
Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas X
3. Pemasangan Listrik di Rumah Tangga
030CC=F00CA;8AB8:F0=638A0;C:0=:4C07C07140A0; 308908=60=34=60=4=66C=0:0=0CA30=B460=60=1;0:10;8:
070?0=0AC:=F00CA;8AB8:308B80=6908=60=:4C07030;07 A410608148:CB
CA;8AB8:0AC::0;8?4B004;0;C8
,032
00 0B0C ?410B0A 30F0 F0=6 145C=6A8 410B0A8 30F0 0:A8C F0=6
386C=0:0=;0;C:4:-74B4:B0:A4:8=630=0:78=F0:4A4C0 ?40;0B0=;8AB8:
03030A0=F0?410B0A30F0C=BC:410B0A8:C0B0CA0AC::4 A4B80? C07 38B4=BC:0= 1430A0:0= ?44A0=0= 9C;07 30F0 F0=6
381CBC7:0= ?4A858:0A8:C0B0CAF0=6B4A4380180A0=F0C;08308
8:0?410B0A30F014A0=F0
30=B460=60=;8AB8:38 C07 ,30F00:A8CF0=60A8730?0B386C=0:0=030;07
L
, E0BB=80B8=F0A4C0?40;0B0=;8AB8:F0=638?0:08A4200 14A000=B830:1;474;41878 E0BB 8:0?40:080=30F0;8AB8:
;418714A0308?030 E0BB:C?00=?4CBCA30F00:0=4=480 0CA14;4187A478=660A4200B0B8AA0:;0?030
4=9038
4:00=6210=3078BC=698:0?030
B420B0B=8;080CA140?0 BB0;30F0?40;0B0=;8AB8:38C070604=20?0850:B:400=0=
0:;0 ?410B0A 30F0 0:0= BCC= A4200 B0B8A :4B8:0 B49038 7C1C=60= A8=6:0B :A;4B8=6 ;8AB8: 30= 4=60:810B:0= 0CA ;8AB8:
B4?CBCA4;0=9CB=F00CA;8AB8:70CA4;4E0B8A4:8=6C=BC:4=9060 :400=0=4140?0?40;0B0=;8AB8:387C1C=6:0=A4200B4?8A07:4
A4:8=6=F0 0A8=60A8=6 F0=6 B430?0B ?030 :B0: A4:8=6 CB00 4:8=631B41C0B308A4CB0A:0E0BB41060B8?8A30=0:0=4=9038
?0=0A:4B8:00CA4=60;84;0;C8=F04:8=60:0=B410:0:4C380= ?CBCA98:038;4E0B80CA14;4187
4:8=610=F0:386C=0:0=?0300=6:080=;8AB8:A4?4B8?03018; A4?430B?4A0E0B03830=B4;4D8A84B80?A4:8=648;8:8=8;08:C0B
0CAF0=6B4;0738B4B0?:0=8A0;=F0
Gambar 8.25
Arus listrik disalurkan oleh jaringan PLN.
41C07A4B8:0
- ,0:0=38;4=6:0?834=60=A41C07A4:8=6 8:0A4:8=6F0=6 B4A438014=8;0830=
140?0:07=8;08A4:8=6F0=60:0=38?8;87
7 C0B0CAF0=638?4;C:0=A4B8:0030;07
- ,
4:8=6F0=6386C=0:0=70CAA438:8B;418714A0308?030
A478=660F0=638?8;87 030;07A4:8=614=8;08
Sumber: Young Scientists, 1997
Contoh
8.19
3 03A 4
A 5
G 6
A8= 2 A8=
,
Gambar 8.26
Sekring tutup logam
tabung kaca tutup logam
kawat sekring
Kata Kunci
• tegangan listrik searah
• tegangan listrik bolak-balik
• energi listrik
• daya listrik
• osiloskop
• transmisi daya listrik
197
Listrik Dinamis
40A0=60=A49C;07;0?C38C07A4108:=F0387C1C=6:0=A4200 ?00;4; A4?4B8 .2 30= .2 060 A4B80? ;0?C
4=30?0BB460=60=F0=6A00
saklar dua arah
60 W 15 W
100 W 5 A
sekring sumber tegangan
PLN 220 V
Gambar 8.28
Contoh diagram kabel listrik di rumah saklar
saklar kotak
sekring meteran
stop kontak
sakelar stop
kontak lampu
Gambar 8.27
Pemasangan lampu secara paralel. pusat
pembangkit listrik
transmisi tegangan
tinggi generator
transformator transformator
tiang listrik pabrik
rumah gardu listrik
Gambar 8.29
Bagan transmisi daya listrik jarak jauh
Tes Kompetensi Subbab
F
2+,--.5,5-4 41C07A4B8:0;8AB8:34=60=A?4A858:0A8 - ,
38?0A0=6?0301430?B4=A80;
,30=38=F0;0:0= A4;00
4=8B8BC=64=468;8AB8:F0=6B4?0:08
A4B8:0B4A41CB 030A41C07?40=0A;8AB8:B420=BCA?4A858:0A8
:-
,4=BC:0= 0 14A0=F04=468F0=63870A8;:0=A4;004=8B
1 :C0B0CA;8AB8:F0=64=60;8 4A0E0B,0B00B038=F0;0:0=90B80?708=F0 8:0
?4A0E0B,387C1C=6:0=B460=60= ,0CAF0=6 4=60;8030;07 8:07060?4:-7?
B4=BC:0=70604=468;8AB8:F0=6386C=0:0=C=BC: 4=F0;0:0=,A4;00A41C;0=
1C;0= 708
4;0A:0=0?0F0=6380:AC334=60= 0 7060454:B85:C0B0CA30=B460=60=1;0:10;8:
1 70600:A8C:C0B0CA30=B460=60=1;0:10;8: 2 70600B00B0:C0B0CA30=B460=60=1;0:10;8:
C14B460=60=0CA1;0:10;8:14A0=F0
, 41C07A4B8:0;8AB8:34=60=7010B0=
387C1C=6 :0=:4AC14B460=60=B4A41CB8BC=6;07=8;08
454:B85=8;080:A8C30==8;080B00B0C=BC: 0 B460=60=AC14
1 0CAF0=64=60;8 0860106058:148:CBB4=BC:0=;07
0 0CA0:A8C 1 0CA454:B85
2 54:C4=A8=F0 8:0A4:8=6F0=6B4A438014=8;08
30= ;4=6:0?8;07 B014; 148:CB C=BC: 4=4=BC:0==8;08A4:8=6F0=60:0=386C=0:0=
0?C 4;4D8A8
4=648=601CB 40=660=6B8
44:;8AB8: 2-4
8 ,2
10 waktus
IA
F0=64=60;830;0AC0BC?4=670=B0 A4B80?A0BCA0BC0=E0:BC
Rangkuman
CA;8AB8:030;07C0B0=308?B4=A80; B8=668:4?B4=A80;4=307C0B0CA
;8AB8:383458=8A8:0=A4106080B0=;8AB8:
Sumber:
Jendela Iptek, 1997
198
Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas X
94=8A=F0 38C:C 34=60=
?444B4
3894;0A:0=;47
C:C 827755
38C:C 34=60=
,;B4B4 A8;A:?
3878BC=6 34=60=
C:C 7
B49038?030
:?=4==F0
0=6:080= 4BCBC?
CA8AB8: 342,.3
4?4;0908
38?4=60C78;47
C14 460=60=
38?4=60C78;47
010B0=
C0A C7C
4=8A
38A41CB
0=90=6
010B0= 4=8A
460=60=
3878BC=6 34=60=
3878BC=6 34=60=
Peta Konsep
4=CCBC:C7141C=F8B460=60= 0B0C1430?B4=A80;0C0BC?4=670=B0;8AB8:
A410=38=634=60=0CA;8AB8:F0=64=60;8 4;0;C8?4=670=B0B4A41CB410=38=60=
=F0A4;0;C:=AB0=F0=638A41CBA41060870 10B0=
010B0=AC0BC4A8AB1460=BC=6?030 ?0=90=6 ;C0A ?4=0?0=6 30= 7010B0=
94=8A 010B0= 94=8A 1070= 1460=BC=6 ?030AC7C
C:C 827755 4=F0B0:0= 107E0 9C;07 0CA ;8AB8: F0=6 0AC: ?030 AC0BC
B8B8:?42010=60=A0034=60=9C;070CA ;8AB8:F0=6:4;C0308B8B8:2010=6B4A41CB
C:C 827755 4=F0B0:0= 107E0 9C;07 0;9010 ?4C1070= B460=60= F0=6
4=64;8;8=68AC0BC0=6:080=B4BCBC?;? A0034=60==;
Setelah mempelajari bab ini, tentunya Anda dapat membuat rangkaian sederhana dan menganalisisnya
menggunakan Hukum Kirchhoff. Dapatkah Anda mengidentifikasi alat-alat listrik di rumah yang
menggunakan listrikAC dan DC? Materi manakah yang masih Anda anggap sulit? Diskusikan materi tersebut
dengan teman-teman Anda atau dengan guru Fisika Anda.
Refleksi
