Kondisi Reproduktif Gonad Profil Gonad .1 Indek Gonad GI
49 Keesing JK, Hall KC. 1998. Review of harvests and status of world sea urchin
fisheries points to opportunities for aquaculture. J Shellfish Res 17:1597- 1604.
Kelly MS, Chamberlain J. 2010. Recent advances in sea urchin aquaculture and enhancement in Scotland and Ireland. Bull Aquacul Assoc Can 1081:23-29.
Kennedy EJ, Robinson SMC. 2007. Effect of dietary minerals and pigment on somatic growth of juvenile green sea urchins, Strongylocentrotus
droebachiensis . J World Aquacul Soc 381:36-48.
Klinger TS, Lawrence JM. 1984. Phagostimulation of Lytechinus varigatus Lamarck Echinodermata: Echinoidea. Mar Behav Physiol 11:49-67.
Lawrence JM, Agatsuma Y. 2007. Ecology of Tripneustes. Di dalam: Lawrence JM, editor. Edible Sea Urchin: Biology and Ecology. Ed ke 2. Oxford:
Elsevier. hlm 499-514. Lawrence JM, Lawrence AL, Watts SA. 2007. Feeding, digestion, and digestibility.
Di dalam: Lawrence JM, editor. Edible Sea Urchin: Biology and Ecology. Ed ke 2. Oxford: Elsevier. hlm 135-151.
Lawrence JM, Olave S, Otaiza R, Lawrence AL, Bustos E. 1997. Enhancement of gonad production in the sea urchin Loxechinus albus in Chile fed extruded
feeds. J World Aquacul Soc 28:91-96. Lawrence JM. 2007. Edible sea urchins: use and life-history strategies. Di dalam:
Lawrence JM, editor. Edible Sea Urchin: Biology and Ecology. Ed ke 2. Oxford: Elsevier. hlm 1-9.
Lindstedt KJ. 1971. Chemical control of feeding behavior. Comp Biochem Physiol 39A:553-581.
Liu H, Zhu JX, Kelly MS. 2010. Recent advances in sea urchin aquaculture and enhancement in China. Bull Aquacul Assoc Can 1081:30-37.
Liyana-Pathirana C, Sahidi F, Whittick A. 2002. The effect of an artificial diet on the biochemical composition of the gonads of the sea urchin
Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis. Food Chem 79:461-472. Lowe EF, Lawrence JM. 1976. Absorption efficiencies of Lytechinus variegatus
Lamarck Echinodermata: Echinoidea for selected marine plants. J Exp Mar Biol Ecol
21:223-234. Marsh AG, Watts SA. 2007. Biochemical and energy requirements of gonad
development. Di dalam: Lawrence JM, editor. Edible Sea Urchin: Biology and Ecology
. Ed ke 2. Oxford: Elsevier. hlm 35-69. McBride SC, Pinnix WD, Lawrence JM, Lawrence AL, Mulligan TM. 1997. The
effect of temperature on production of gonads by the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus franciscanus
fed natural and prepared diets. J World Aquacult Soc
28:357-365. McClintock JB, Klinger TS, Lawrence JM. 1982. Feeding preferences of echinoids
for plant and animal food models. Bull Mar Sci 32:365-369. Miller RJ, Mann KH. 1973. Ecological energetics of the seaweed zone in a marine
bay on the Atlantic coast of Canada. III. Energy transformations by sea urchins. Mar Biol 18:99-114.
[NRC] National Research Council. 1977. Nutrient requirements of warmwater fishes. National Academy of Sciences. Washinton DC. hlm 78.
Noiraksar T, Ajisaka T. 2008. Taxonomy and distribution of Sargassum Phaeophyceae in the Gulf of Thailand. J Appl Phycol 20:963-977.
50 Pearce CM, Daggett TL, Robinson SMC. 2002. Effect of binder type and
concentration on prepared feed stability and gonad yield and quality of the green sea urchin, Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis. Aquaculture 205:301-
323.
Pearce CM, Robinson SMC. 2010. Recent advances in sea urchin aquaculture and enhancement in Canada. Bull Aquacul Assoc Can 1081:38-48.
Plank LR, Lawrence JM. 2002. The effect of dietary carotenoids on gonad production and carotenoid profiles in the sea urchin Lytechinus variegatus. J
World Aquacul Soc 332:127-136.
Robinson SMC, Catell JD, Kennedy EJ. 2002. Developing suitable colour in the gonads of cultured green sea urchins Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis.
Aquaculture 206:289-303.
Saito K. 1992. Sea urchin fishery of Japan. California Sea Grant College. T- CSGCP-028.
Sakata K, Kato K, Ina K, Machiguchi Y. 1989. Glycerolipids as potent feeding stimulants for the sea urchin, Strogylocentrotus intermedius. Agric Biol Chem
53:1457-1459. Sakata K, Kato K, Iwase Y, Okada H, Ina K, Machiguchi Y. 1991. Feeding
stimulant activity of algal glycerolipid for marine herbivorous gastropods. J Chem Ecol
171:185-193. Sakata K, Sakura T, Ina K. 1988a. Algal phagostimulants for marine herbivorous
gastropods. J Chem Ecol 145:1405-1416. Sakata K, Sakura T, Kamiya Y, Ina K. 1988b. A simple feeding stimulant assay for
marine herbivorous gastropods, the turban shell Turbo cornutus and the top shell Omphalius pfeifferi. Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 5410:1715-1718.
Scheibling RE, Hamm J. 1991. Interactions between sea urchins Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis and their predators in field and
laboratory experiments. Mar Biol 110:105 –116
Shpigel M, McBride SC, Marciano S, Ron S, Ben-Amotz A. 2005. Improving gonad colour and somatic index in the European sea urchin Paracentrotus
lividus . Aquaculture 245:101
–109. Siikavuopio SI, Dale T, Foss A, Mortensen A. 2004. Effect of chronic ammonia
exposure on gonad growth and survival in green sea urchin Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis
. Aquaculture 242:313-320. Siikavuopio SI, Dale T, Mortensen A. 2007. The effect of stocking density on gonad
growth, survival and feed intake of adult green sea urchin Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis
. Aquaculture 262:78-85. Sonu SC. 2003. Japanese sea urchin market. NOAA Technical Memorandum,
NOAA-TM-NMFS-SWR-040:1 – 34.
Steinberg PD, van Altena I. 1992. Tolerance of marine invertebrate herbivores to brown algal phlorotannins in temperate Australasia. Ecol Monogr 62:189-
222. Tsushima M, Kawakami T, Matsuno T. 1993. Metabolism of carotenoids in sea
urchin Pseudocentrotus depressus. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 106B3:737 –
741. Tsushima M. 2007. Carotenoids in sea urchins. Di dalam: Lawrence JM, editor.
Edible Sea Urchin: Biology and Ecology . Ed ke 2. Oxford: Elsevier. hlm 159-
166.