Department were able to access a multimedia program by themselves outside the campus.
D. Research Procedure
Since this research was conducted to develop an interactive learning multimedia of vocabulary for the students of Physics Education Department
Yogyakarta State University, the model proposed by Lee and Owens 2004 was adapted. There were four phases followed by the researcher. They are mentioned
below. 1. Needs assessment and analysis
In this phase, the objectives of this study were identified. Then the developer analyzed the audience, the syllabus and the textbook used in the classroom, the
technology used to develop the product, and the media used to deliver the product. 2. Design
a. Writing the draft of the materials Materials related to this study were developed. The material presentation also
developed by considering its principles. b. Designing Flowchart
After the draft of the materials was created, the next step was to make flowcharts of the multimedia. Flowchart is a symbol or picture which depicts the
steps representing activities of processing the materials. This serves as a roadmap of interactive multimedia. It links one page to another.
c. Storyboarding After the flowcharts were created, the developer made the storyboard. It
describes how every screen in the presentation would be displayed. They refer to the operation shown in the flowcharts.
3. Development a. Materials Collecting
The texts, pictures, animations and video were collected. In order to get the input, the developer adopts the textbook used in the senior high school.
b. Integrating the materials into the program The developer used the authoring software such as Macromedia Flash CS4,
Photoshop and other supporting programs to integrate the materials into the interactive multimedia program. This stage produced the first product.
c. Validation by the experts The first product was consulted to the supervisor for validation.
4. Evaluation by experts judgment The first product was evaluated by the content experts and media expert
through questionnaires. The questionnaires were then analyzed to revise the product which led to the final product
E. Data Collecting Techniques
Three kinds of data collection technique were used in this research. They are observation, questionnaires and interview. The data about learners’ characteristics,
learning sources and the availability of multimedia in the institution were collected using observation that is conducted before the need analysis.
This research used two kinds of questionnaire. The first was questionnaire for needs analysis which obtains information about students’ needs and learning
needs. This includes questionnaire to make the corpus data of the vocabulary from the books. The second was questionnaire for expert judgment which was used get
comments and suggestions from the materials and multimedia experts. The researcher also use interview to conduct the needs analysis by asking a
Physics Lecturer about the condition of the students. Before conducting the interview, a set of questions should be designed as the guidance.
F. Research Instruments
Observation guide, interview guide, and questionnaires were the instruments used in this study to gather data. They are described below.
1. Observation guide Observation guide was used as a guide to collect data about learners’
characteristics, learning sources and the availability of multimedia. The researcher conducts the observation before the need analysis.
2. Interview guide Interview guide were used as a guide in conducting interview. Interview was
conducted to obtain feedback from a lecturer of Physics subject about the students’ condition and also the material used in teaching and learning process of
the Physics subject. The feedback collected from the interview then was used to support the result of the needs analysis questionnaire which was distributed to the
students.
3. Questionnaires There were two kinds of questionnaire used in this research which were
questionnaire for needs analysis and questionnaire for expert judgment. The questionnaire for needs analysis was used to obtain information about the target
needs and the learning needs of the third year students of Physics Education Department Yogyakarta State University. Questionnaire for expert judgment was
used to get comments and suggestions from the materials and multimedia expert. The feedbacks from the expert judgment were used to revise the materials.
G. Data Analysis Techniques
There were two types of data used in this research which were qualitative and quantitative data. The qualitative data were obtained from interview and
observation in the form of observation field notes and interview transcripts. The quantitative data were collected from questionnaires. The data of
needs analysis questionnaire were analysed using frequency percentages while the expert judgement questionnaire used were analysed using descriptive statistics.
To measure the experts’ opinion about the media the researcher used a Likert Scale. The scoring point is presented in the table below.
Table 3.1. The Scoring Point of Likert Scale
Scales Categories
5 Strongly agree
4 Agree
3 Neither agree or disagree
2 Disagree
1 Strongly disagree
Kategori