The Technique of Data Analysis
of that day. In the end of every cycle, a discussion was held to evaluate the actions that had been implemented and to plan the actions in the next cycle.
2. Outcome Validity Burns 1999 states that outcome validity refers to the action that
leads to successful outcomes within the research context. To fulfill the outcome validity, some indicators that show improvement of the writing
learning process were formulated together. The indicators are as follows: a.
The students’ opportunity to write increase; b. The teacher would focus on the teaching of writing with the use of
Facebook group; c. The students would enjoy the writing activities;
d. There would be interesting media in the teaching and learning process;
e. The students would be active during the English teaching and learning process.
3. Process validity It is related to the criterion to make the action research believable. To
get the process validity, I collected the data by doing observation, taking note during the observation, and recording the interview process. In this case, the
actions were believable. 4. Catalytic validity
It relates to the extent to which the research allows participants to deepen their understanding of the social realities of the context and how they
can make changes within it. This validity is accomplished by interviewing the teacher and the students to know their perceptions of the problem and the
understanding of their roles in the research. 5. Dialogic validity
It is the process of peer review that is commonly used in the academic research. One of the values of the research is monitored by peer. In this case,
the English teacher helped me to be the researcher’s collaborator in
conducting the research. The collaborator always got involved in the process of the research.
To obtain trustworthiness, a triangulation technique was used. Burns 1999:164 proposes four forms of triangulations, but in this research, two forms of
triangulation were used only. They are time triangulation and investigator triangulation.
1. Time Triangulation The data would be collected at one point in time or in over period of
time to get a set sense of what are involved in the process. In this study, the data were collected from August to September 2014. During that period of
time, this research was conducted in using Facebook group to improve students’ writing learning process and done in two cycles consist of six
meetings. During the research, the process of data collection was done.