F. Procedure of the Research
To conduct this action research, the action research steps were followed by suggestion of Kemmis and McTaggart 1988 in Burns 2010:9. The action research
model can be seen below:
Figure 2: Action Research Model by Kemmis and McTaggart 1988 in Burns 2010:9
1. Reconnaissance
In this first step, the school problems were found and analyzed. In this study, the teaching and learning process were observed, diagnostic writing test and
questionnaire were given and interviews were conducted with some students of class VIII E of SMP N 1 Pleret and the English teacher, and discussions were held with the
school principal. Based on the observations, the questionnaire, the interviews, and the
discussions, the existing problems were classified. They are the problems related to
the teaching techniques of the teacher, the activities of the teaching and learning process; and the material given during the teaching and learning process.
2. Planning
In this step, Together with the English teacher, and the school principle, some plans were made to be implemented in the action research. The instruments were
prepared such as creating Facebook group, choosing materials, preparing handout for the students and tasks that will be posted in Facebook group and giving rewards to
the students and to the most active group.
3. Action and Observation
In this stage, the action was taken. In this action, the students were supported and developed in their changed-behavior and responses. The action plans agreed by
the involved members of the research were implemented. They were implemented in two cycles. Together with the collaborator, the students’ reactions were observed and
recorded during the activities and the interview was done with some students of VIII E class of SMP 1 Pleret after the English lesson. Based on the observation, field
notes, an interviews, the involved members discussed the implemented actions and analyzed the result. The result of the discussion was used as an evaluation that would
be used to improve the next actions.
4. Reflection
In this stage, an evaluation was made. The reflection was done every time after the implementation of the actions. All involved members in the research made
the reflection. Each member contributed to the reflection on the taken actions. The
successful actions were continued in the next teaching and learning process but the unsuccessful actions were modified into the ones that were more suitable.
G. The Technique of Data Analysis
After getting all of the data needed in the research, I continued by analyzing the data. There are five stages that were followed in data analysis. Those are
elaborated as follow: 1 Assembling the Data
Firstly, all of the data gained through interview, observation, and students’ writing were assembled. The purpose of this step was to see the
patterns of the collected data. 2 Coding the Data
In this stage, the large amounts of the data were reduced into more manageable categories. The purpose of coding the data was to be able to
identify the patterns more specifically. 3 Comparing the Data
Once the data have been categorized in some way, comparisons can be made to see whether themes or patterns are repeated or developed across
different data gathering techniques Burns:1999. So, in this step, I compared the data in order to identify the relationship and connection between different
sources of data.
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