model model
User Evaluatio
n Interview
Students of SMP Pangudi
Luhur Yogyakarta
class 7G 13
th
of November
2014 In-depth
information about
Students’ opinion and
suggestion on the
designed learning
model To
evaluate and
improve the
designed learning
model RQ2
Table 3.4 displayed the description of instruments employment in this study. Two types of instruments, questionnaire and interview, were implemented to
collect data in this study. There were three different questionnaires constructed to collect data about need analysis, expert validation and users’ evaluation. In
addition, the two different interviews were conducted to gain deeper information about need analysis and users’ evaluation.
D. Data Gathering Technique
There were three kinds of techniques for collecting data in this research. They were doing observation, delivering questionnaire and conducting interview. The
observation was conducted to get the students’ need. The questionnaire was conducted to collect the opinion of the students and the expert on using Interactive
PowerPoint as learning media for reading in classroom. The interviews were conducted to get information from the English teacher about students’ need, from
the expert and the students about the opinion for developing the design.
The following are the explanations about strategies of data collection by Seliger Shohamy 1989. The researcher chose three kinds of method in
collecting data. Observations in second language acquisition research are used commonly to
collect data on how learners use language in variety settings, to study language learning and teaching processes in the classroom, and to study teachers’ and
students’ behaviors. The major benefit of doing observation for data collection instrument is that it allows the researcher to examine a phenomenon or a behavior
while it is going on. Seliger Shohamy 1989, 163-164 provide various kinds of observation instrument including checklist, numerical scale, rating scale, and open
observations. The researcher chose the last instrument since this kind of instrument is more flexible for collecting data about students’ need.
After doing observation, the researcher did survey to 237 participants for collecting the students’ need by delivering questionnaires. The questionnaire
consists of 15 closed questions and 2 opened questions. The participants were students of SMP Pangudi Luhur 1 Yogyakarta grade 7. It consists of seven
classes, from 7A – 7G. Researcher also did interview to the English teacher for collecting data about students’ need.
After the students’ need was analyzed, the researcher started to design the learning model based on the students need. To validate the designed learning
model, the researcher delivered questionnaire for the teacher and the experts. There were 20 closed questions and 4 opened questions in the questionnaire. The
result of expert validation was used to improve the designed learning model.
The designed learning model that has been improved was implemented to the students as the user. After the learning model was implemented for 3 times, the
questionnaires were delivered to the students to find out their opinion on learning reading with Interactive PowerPoint. The questionnaire consists of 30 closed
questions and 5 opened questions. Some interview was also conducted to three students that were chosen randomly. The interview was conducted to reach
trustworthiness of the students’ opinion collected from questionnaires. Questionnaires according to Seliger Shohamy 1989, 172 are defined as
instrument for data collection in printed forms containing of questions and statements in which the subject supposed to respond although it is anonymously.
The aim of delivering questionnaires in second language acquisition research is for collecting data on phenomena which are not easily observed involving
attitudes, motivation, and self-concepts. Two kinds of questions are usually applied in questionnaires, i.e. open-ended questions and close-ended questions.
The benefit of open-ended questions is the researcher could get the information from the subject personally. The benefit of applying close-ended questions is
enabling the researcher to control the answers. Generally, the form of close-ended questions involves a number of scales. Each scale allows to eliciting data on
certain aspect of the behavior that needs to be measured. In this research, the researcher would apply close-ended questions with Likert scale in the
questionnaire. Since this research is quantitative research, Likert scale is possible to use. To respond the series of statements, the researcher adopted five kinds of
response consisting of strongly agree SA, agree A, Not Sure NS, disagree D, and strongly disagree SD.
E. Data Analysis Technique
