Table 12. Classification of respondent education level No
Village Level of education
Total SD
SMP SMA
1. Kapoa
40 8
2 50
2. Waonu
36 8
6 50
3. Tongali
14 23
13 50
Jumlah 90
39 21
150 Procentage
60 26
14 100
Source: Primary data calculation 2010
4.5.3.3. . Respondents Livelihoods
From the survey conducted in these location, the respondents livelihood are mainly fishermen, with low level education elementary, and without side
jobs. The fishing gear that they used is adjusted according to the seasons west or east monsoon. This habit has been done since the days of their forefathers and
bequested over generations. Considering that they are a Buton tribe who lived in the village since birth.
4.5.3.4. Number of families
Families in Siompu, Waonu and Tongali is a type of secondary family, which generally consists of husband and wife with their children and other
relatives such as nephews, grandparents and grandchildren. Family allowances are become responsibility of the head of the family. From the survey results in the
three villages, most of respondents have family members that varied from one to nine people. Data on the number of families can be seen in Table 13.
Tabel 13. Respondent classification based on number of families
No Number of
families Village
Percentage Kapoa
Waonu Tongali
Kapoa Waonu
Tongali 1
2 5
3 -
10.00 6.00
- 2
3 4
6 2
8.00 12.00
4.00 3
4 13
7 15
26.00 14.00
30.00 3
5 13
13 20
26.00 26.00
40.00 4
6 9
12 8
18.00 24.00
16.00 5
7 2
7 5
4.00 14.00
10.00 6
8 2
2 -
4.00 4.00
- 7
9 2
- 4.00
- -
Total 50
50 50
100.00 100.00
100.00
Source : Primary data calculation 2010
5. RESULT AND DISCUSSION
5.1. Condition of Coral Reef Ecosystem
Research activities of coral reef ecosystem that were carried out around Siompu Island, Kadatua Island, and Liwutongkidi Island in the utilization of reef
fisheries resources, were done in 20 locations of observation stations. Each station was spread across multiple locations which is close to residential location and far
away from residential areas in between 3-10 meters. From 20 observation stations was divided into five stations in Siompu Island, five stations in Kadatua Island,
and 10 stations on Liwutongkidi Island with each station coordinates can be seen in Appendix 1.
Based on observation of basic substrate coverage at each station, visually it had a different types of coral reefs around the three islands. Type of coral in
waters around Siompu Island, Liwutongkidi Island and Kadatua Island was the type of fringing reef, with coral lifeform of massive coral, branching coral,
encrusting coral, and foliaceous. Observation studies include basic substrate, the reef fishes abundancy and socio-economic indicators.
5.2. Condition of Basic Substrate Coverage
Observation on coverage of the basic substrate of coral reef ecosystems that made directly in the three study sites was indicated the type of coral reefs in
the reef flats of Siompu Island, Liwutongkidi Island and Kadatua Island that categorized as fringing reef. Fringing reef is coral reefs that lived and thrived in
coastal area parallel to the coastline, this kind of reef is mostly found at a depth of less than 40 meters Nybaken 1992. The observations was made by using Line
Intercept Transect LIT method. It can be drawn that the coral reefs in Siompu, Kadatua and Liwutongkidi water were varied. Moreover, it can be said that at a
depth between 3-10 meters, coral reefs at all stations were categorized from damaged into a good condition.
