=explna; =b1; CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS

SUMMARY OUTPUT Regression Statistics Multiple R 0.9993 R Square 0.9986 Adjusted R Square 0.9984 Standard Error 0.0214 Observations 50 ANOVA df SS MS F Significance F Regression 6 13.8099 2.3016 5009.26 0.0000 Residual 43 0.0198 0.0005 Total 49 13.8296 Coefficients Standard Error t Stat P-value Lower 95 Upper 95 Lower 95.0 Upper 95.0 Intercept 1.8921 0.5010 3.7767 0.0005 0.8817 2.9024 0.8817 2.9024 X Variable 1 -1.0070 0.0093 -108.4889 0.0000 -1.0258 -0.9883 -1.0258 -0.9883 X Variable 2 -1.0175 0.2613 -3.8937 0.0003 -1.5445 -0.4905 -1.5445 -0.4905 X Variable 3 0.0025 0.0132 0.1927 0.8481 -0.0241 0.0292 -0.0241 0.0292 X Variable 4 -0.0143 0.0098 -1.4560 0.1527 -0.0340 0.0055 -0.0340 0.0055 X Variable 5 0.6785 0.1653 4.1055 0.0002 0.3452 1.0118 0.3452 1.0118 X Variable 6 0.9820 0.0153 64.0207 0.0000 0.9511 1.0130 0.9511 1.0130 restart; b0:= 1.89206714 ; b1:= -1.007048313 ; b2:= -1.017498887 ; b3:= 0.002548592 ; b4:= -0.014264732 ; b5:= 0.678538463 ; b6:= 0.982018208 ; rata_LnA: = 3.7859 ; rata_LnEd: = 1.9398 ; rata_LnF: = 1.5716 ; rata_LnEx: = 3.3532 ; rata_LnI: = 13.1773 ; b0 := 1.89206714 b1 := -1.007048313 b2 := -1.017498887 b3 := 0.002548592 b4 := -0.014264732 b5 := 0.678538463 b6 := 0.982018208 rata_LnA := 3.7859 rata_LnEd := 1.9398 rata_LnF := 1.5716 rata_LnEx := 3.3532 rata_LnI := 13.1773 lna:=b0+b2rata_LnA+b3rata_LnEd+b4rata_LnF+b5rata_LnEx+b6rata_LnI; lna := 13.23806711

a:=explna;

a := 5.613316072 10 5 b:=b1; b := -1.007048313 fQ:=Qa1b; f Q := 5.116592304 10 5 Q 0.9930010180 Qrata:= 64.16 ; Qrata := 64.16 plotfQ,Q=0..Qrata; N:= 50 ; L:= 262.361 ; N := 50 L := 262.361 U:=intfQ,Q=0..Qrata; U := 7.526532605 10 7 P:=Qrataa1b; P := 8210.421791 PS:=PQrata; PS := 5.267806621 10 5 CS:=U-PS; CS := 7.473854539 10 7 Nilai_Ekonomi_Total:=CSNL; Nilai_Ekonomi_Total := 1.424345566 10 7 plot{fQ,P},Q=0..Qrata; Apendix 9. Calculation of Utility Value Estimation and Coral Fish Utilization Consumer Surplus in Village Tongali waters No. Nama Responden Tangkapan Harga Umur Pendidikan Tanggungan Pengalaman Pendapatan Q P A Ed F Ex I 1 La Dada 110 9,667 47 6 7 32 1,040,000 2 La Bua 140 9,250 53 6 6 38 1,240,000 3 La Bakiri 65 9,667 37 9 7 22 635,000 4 Akbar Tolas 145 8,000 29 12 5 14 1,140,000 5 M. Amin 85 11,000 42 12 5 27 895,000 6 La Natsir 120 9,000 37 9 4 22 1,080,000 7 La Auma 75 9,667 65 6 5 50 730,000 8 La Ramani 80 7,000 47 9 4 32 540,000 9 Husni 45 15,000 25 12 3 10 675,000 10 La Kotanda 60 12,500 47 9 4 32 1,245,000 11 Kasim Tomsio 50 10,000 49 6 5 34 500,000 12 La Kimu 85 12,500 49 6 4 34 1,075,000 13 Abdul Wahid 30 9,000 49 12 5 34 270,000 14 La Rianto 80 8,000 40 12 4 25 640,000 15 La Sura 45 9,000 50 6 5 35 405,000 16 La Hamsi 73 12,500 40 9 6 25 945,000 17 Husen Fadara 60 15,000 37 9 5 22 900,000 18 La Yinta 45 15,000 30 9 4 15 675,000 19 La Toea 50 15,000 37 9 4 22 750,000 20 La Umini 90 7,000 30 9 4 15 620,000 21 M. Yasir 45 9,000 37 12 4 22 405,000 22 La Sunufi 75 9,500 45 6 5 30 720,000 23 Sulaiman 60 9,000 40 9 6 25 540,000 24 La Mahi 70 9,500 57 6 4 42 655,000 25 La Mbonu 75 9,500 41 12 5 26 710,000 26 Umar D 70 10,000 57 6 7 42 700,000 27 La Bai 40 20,000 30 12 5 15 800,000 28 Mustar 45 15,000 35 12 5 20 675,000 29 Saharuddin 55 15,000 32 12 4 17 825,000 30 Abdullah Kara 72 12,500 30 12 4 15 955,000 31 La Manggo Ali 50 10,000 37 9 5 22 500,000 32 La Nefo Hanif 60 13,000 40 9 6 25 780,000 33 Jamaludin H 45 10,000 40 12 5 25 450,000 34 Mukhlisa 56 15,000 30 9 4 15 840,000 35 Saludin R 48 15,000 37 9 5 22 720,000 36 Ahmat Mbolobo 85 9,500 40 9 7 25 790,000 37 La Ugi 70 9,000 40 6 5 25 630,000 38 Salim Tehe 42 15,000 47 6 4 32 630,000 39 Wuni 50 9,000 39 9 5 24 450,000 40 Musliadi 65 9,000 30 9 4 15 585,000 41 La Doruna 55 15,000 37 9 5 22 825,000 42 Rahman D 45 15,000 40 12 5 25 675,000 43 La Yili 90 8,000 52 6 6 37 720,000 44 La Puto 70 15,000 37 9 5 22 1,050,000 45 La Halili 70 15,000 43 9 6 28 1,050,000 46 La Babu 86 15,000 45 6 6 30 1,290,000 47 Usman K 55 15,000 41 9 7 26 825,000 48 La Dyfa 30 15,000 49 9 3 34 450,000 49 La Mano 35 15,000 44 9 5 29 525,000 50 La Kuasa 65 10,000 40 6 6 25 650,000 66.24 37.420.000 Jumlah Nelayan = 50 Luas Terumbu Karang = 262,36 Ha Ln Q Ln P Ln A Ln Ed Ln F Ln Ex Ln I 4.7005 9.1764 3.8501 1.7918 1.9459 3.4657 13.8547 4.9416 9.1324 3.9703 1.7918 1.7918 3.6376 14.0306 4.1744 9.1764 3.6109 2.1972 1.9459 3.0910 13.3614 4.9767 8.9872 3.3673 2.4849 1.6094 2.6391 13.9465 4.4427 9.3057 3.7377 2.4849 1.6094 3.2958 13.7046 4.7875 9.1050 3.6109 2.1972 1.3863 3.0910 13.8925 4.3175 9.1764 4.1744 1.7918 1.6094 3.9120 13.5008 4.3820 8.8537 3.8501 2.1972 1.3863 3.4657 13.1993 3.8067 9.6158 3.2189 2.4849 1.0986 2.3026 13.4225 4.0943 9.4335 3.8501 2.1972 1.3863 3.4657 14.0346 3.9120 9.2103 3.8918 1.7918 1.6094 3.5264 13.1224 4.4427 9.4335 3.8918 1.7918 1.3863 3.5264 13.8878 3.4012 9.1050 3.8918 2.4849 1.6094 3.5264 12.5062 4.3820 8.9872 3.6889 2.4849 1.3863 3.2189 13.3692 3.8067 9.1050 3.9120 1.7918 1.6094 3.5553 12.9116 4.2905 9.4335 3.6889 2.1972 1.7918 3.2189 13.7589 4.0943 9.6158 3.6109 2.1972 1.6094 3.0910 13.7102 3.8067 9.6158 3.4012 2.1972 1.3863 2.7081 13.4225 3.9120 9.6158 3.6109 2.1972 1.3863 3.0910 13.5278 4.4998 8.8537 3.4012 2.1972 1.3863 2.7081 13.3375 3.8067 9.1050 3.6109 2.4849 1.3863 3.0910 12.9116 4.3175 9.1590 3.8067 1.7918 1.6094 3.4012 13.4870 4.0943 9.1050 3.6889 2.1972 1.7918 3.2189 13.1993 4.2485 9.1590 4.0431 1.7918 1.3863 3.7377 13.3924 4.3175 9.1590 3.7136 2.4849 1.6094 3.2581 13.4730 4.2485 9.2103 4.0431 1.7918 1.9459 3.7377 13.4588 3.6889 9.9035 3.4012 2.4849 1.6094 2.7081 13.5924 3.8067 9.6158 3.5553 2.4849 1.6094 2.9957 13.4225 4.0073 9.6158 3.4657 2.4849 1.3863 2.8332 13.6231 4.2767 9.4335 3.4012 2.4849 1.3863 2.7081 13.7695 3.9120 9.2103 3.6109 2.1972 1.6094 3.0910 13.1224 4.0943 9.4727 3.6889 2.1972 1.7918 3.2189 13.5670 3.8067 9.2103 3.6889 2.4849 1.6094 3.2189 13.0170 4.0254 9.6158 3.4012 2.1972 1.3863 2.7081 13.6412 3.8712 9.6158 3.6109 2.1972 1.6094 3.0910 13.4870 4.4427 9.1590 3.6889 2.1972 1.9459 3.2189 13.5798 4.2485 9.1050 3.6889 1.7918 1.6094 3.2189 13.3535 3.7377 9.6158 3.8501 1.7918 1.3863 3.4657 13.3535 3.9120 9.1050 3.6636 2.1972 1.6094 3.1781 13.0170 4.1744 9.1050 3.4012 2.1972 1.3863 2.7081 13.2794 4.0073 9.6158 3.6109 2.1972 1.6094 3.0910 13.6231 3.8067 9.6158 3.6889 2.4849 1.6094 3.2189 13.4225 4.4998 8.9872 3.9512 1.7918 1.7918 3.6109 13.4870 4.2485 9.6158 3.6109 2.1972 1.6094 3.0910 13.8643 4.2485 9.6158 3.7612 2.1972 1.7918 3.3322 13.8643 4.4543 9.6158 3.8067 1.7918 1.7918 3.4012 14.0702 4.0073 9.6158 3.7136 2.1972 1.9459 3.2581 13.6231 3.4012 9.6158 3.8918 2.1972 1.0986 3.5264 13.0170 3.5553 9.6158 3.7842 2.1972 1.6094 3.3673 13.1712 4.1744 9.2103 3.6889 1.7918 1.7918 3.2189 13.3847 3.6952 2.1585 1.5849 3.2092 13.4755 SUMMARY OUTPUT Regression Statistics Multiple R 0.9810 R Square 0.9624 Adjusted R Square 0.9572 Standard Error 0.0721 Observations 50 ANOVA df SS MS F Significance F Regression 6 5.7284 0.9547 183.4675 0.0000 Residual 43 0.2238 0.0052 Total 49 5.9521 Coefficients Standard Error t Stat P-value Lower 95 Upper 95 Lower 95.0 Upper 95.0 Intercept 0.7529 1.3879 0.5425 0.5903 -2.0461 3.5519 -2.0461 3.5519 X Variable 1 -1.0065 0.0438 -22.9977 0.0000 -1.0948 -0.9182 -1.0948 -0.9182 X Variable 2 0.2819 0.6627 0.4253 0.6727 -1.0546 1.6183 -1.0546 1.6183 X Variable 3 -0.0511 0.0549 -0.9295 0.3578 -0.1618 0.0597 -0.1618 0.0597 X Variable 4 0.1047 0.0592 1.7675 0.0842 -0.0148 0.2242 -0.0148 0.2242 X Variable 5 -0.2420 0.3992 -0.6061 0.5476 -1.0470 0.5631 -1.0470 0.5631 X Variable 6 0.9242 0.0354 26.0843 0.0000 0.8527 0.9957 0.8527 0.9957 restart; b0:= 0.7529 ; b1:= -1.006497255 ; b2:= 0.281857381 ; b3:= -0.051057126 ; b4:= 0.1046986 ; b5:= -0.241968936 ; b6:= 0.924202375 ; rata_LnA:= 3.6952 ; rata_LnEd:= 2.1585 ; rata_LnF:= 1.5849 ; rata_LnEx:= 3.2092 ; rata_LnI:= 13.4755 ; b0 := 0.7529 b1 := -1.006497255 b2 := 0.281857381 b3 := -0.051057126 b4 := 0.1046986 b5 := -0.241968936 b6 := 0.924202375 rata_LnA := 3.6952 rata_LnEd := 2.1585 rata_LnF := 1.5849 rata_LnEx := 3.2092 rata_LnI := 13.4755 Ina:=b0+b2rata_LnA+b3rata_LnEd+b4rata_LnF+b5rata_LnEx+b6rata_ LnI; lna := 13.52771179

a:=explna;

a := 7.499124835 10 5

b:=b1;

b := -1.006497255 fQ:=Qa1b; f Q := 6.872037962 10 5 Q 0.9935446868 Qrata:= 66.24 ; Qrata := 66.24 plotfQ,Q=0..Qrata; N:= 50 ; L:= 262.36 ; N := 50 L := 262.36 U:=intfQ,Q=0..Qrata; U := 1.093765281 10 8 P:=Qrataa1b; P := 10659.11452 PS:=PQrata; PS := 7.060597458 10 5 CS:=U-PS; CS := 1.086704684 10 8 Nilai_Ekonomi_Total:=CSNL; Nilai_Ekonomi_Total := 2.071018227 10 7 Nilai Ekonomi Total = 27.101.8227Ha plot{fQ,P},Q=0..Qrata; Appendix 10 . Estimated Length and Weight of Coral Fish in Research Station No Estimasi F Spesies Rata2 panjang 1 Chaetodon Vagabundus 9 12 21 10.5 0.0278 2.9730 1086.4151 30.2023 2 Chaetodon auriga 8 11 19 9.5 0.0311 2.9760 812.2794 25.2619 3 Chaetodon trifascialis 5 12 17 8.5 0.0312 2.9530 555.3593 17.3272 4 Chaetodon unimaculatus 10 11 21 10.5 0.0533 2.8333 782.2321 41.6930 5 Chaetodon melannotus 7 10 17 8.5 0.0267 3.0490 682.0219 18.2100 6 Chaetodon xanthurus 9 10 19 9.5 0.022 3.1900 1315.037995 28.9308 7 Chaetodon raflesi 7 9 16 8.0 0.0222 3.1400 685.0189 15.2074 8 Chaetodon punctatofasciatus 6 9 15 7.5 0.0267 3.0490 465.6523 12.4329 9 Chaetodon lunulatus 5 10 15 7.5 0.0693 2.6215 196.7764 13.6366 10 Chaetodon baronessa 7 10 17 8.5 0.0448 2.8280 425.0076 19.0403 11 Chaetodon kleinii 4 11 15 7.5 0.0448 2.8280 298.3137 13.3645 12 Chaetodon lunula 10 11 21 10.5 0.0257 3.1000 1464.4914 37.6374 13 Chaetodon ephippium 12 14 26 13 0.0225 3.0609 2568.4387 57.7899 14 Chaetodon ocellicaudus 6 10 16 8 0.0318 2.9840 495.2455 15.7488 15 Chaetodon ornatissimus 10 11 21 10.5 0.0257 3.1000 1464.4914 37.6374 16 Chaetodon ulietensis 11 12 23 11.5 0.0311 2.8741 1118.2828 34.7786 17 Chaetodon adiergastos 10 12 22 11 0.0257 3.1000 1691.6765 43.4761 18 Forcipiger flavissimus 9 12 21 10.5 0.021 3.0000 1157.6250 24.3101 19 Heniochus chrysostomus 8 16 24 12 0.0132 3.3690 4322.7649 57.0605 20 Heniochus varius 10 12 22 11 0.025 3.0000 1331.0000 33.2750 21 Heniochus acuminatus 12 16 28 14 0.0247 3.1058 3627.8093 89.6069 22 Centropyge bicolor 9 13 22 11 0.0415 3.0000 1331.0000 55.2365 23 Centropyge tibicen 7 11 18 9 0.0492 2.7945 464.1204 22.8347 24 Centropyge vroliki 8 10 18 9 0.0537 2.8860 567.4713 30.4732 25 Centropyge bispinosus 10 12 22 11 0.092 2.4580 362.8634 33.3834 26 Pomacanthus imperator 21 26 47 23.5 0.0102 3.4690 57047.2106 581.8815 27 Pygoplites diacanthus 12 22 34 17 0.0161 2.929 4017.7683 64.6861 28 Chaetodontoplus conspicillatus 9 10 19 9.5 0.0179 2.9298 732.0397 13.1035 29 Chaetodontoplus mesoleucus 9 10 19 9.5 0.0104 2.9670 795.9869 8.2783 30 Platax pinnatus 5 21 26 13 0.0425 2.9750 2060.5420 87.5730 31 Platax boersi 21 30 51 25.5 0.0425 2.975 15291.7446 649.8991 32 Acanthurus olivaceus 12 18 30 15 0.007 3.3980 9916.4927 69.4154 33 Acanthurus blochii 17 24 41 20.5 0.0178 3.1440 13309.2670 236.9050 34 Acanthurus auranticavus 19 28 47 23.5 0.0041 3.0000 12977.8750 53.2093 35 Acanthurus pyroferus 12 18 30 15 0.0051 3.0000 3375.0000 17.2125 36 Acanthurus nigrofuscus 17 20 37 18.5 0.0301 2.9670 5750.4061 173.0872 37 Ctenochaetus tominiensis 12 16 28 14 0.0231 3.0635 3244.6155 74.9506 38 Paracanthurus hepatus 12 14 26 13 0.0409 3.0660 2602.2578 106.4323 39 Zebrasoma scopas 7 14 21 10.5 0.0304 2.9570 1046.3013 31.8076 40 Ctenochaetus striatus 10 20 30 15 0.0231 3.0635 4008.2571 92.5907 41 Naso thynnoides 9 20 29 14.5 0.051 2.7154 1424.2252 72.6355 1 Chaetodontidae Family Spesies Ikan Length Estimation CM Kisaran JML 4 Acanthuridae a b 2 Pomacanthidae 3 Ephippidae 118 b aL W  b L Appedix 10 Continuation No Estimasi F Spesies Rata2 panjang 5 Zanclidae 42 Zanclus cornutus 9 19 28 14 0.0147 3.3699 7283.4454 107.0666 43 Siganus puellus 22 28 50 25 0.0246 3.0000 15625.0000 384.3750 44 Siganus guttatus 25 30 55 27.5 0.0174 3.0000 20796.8750 361.8656 45 Siganus doliatus 18 24 42 21 0.0104 3.2721 21204.7792 220.5297 46 Siganus vulpinus 18 22 40 20 0.0287 3.0000 8000.0000 229.6000 47 Amblyglyphidodon curacao 5 8 13 6.5 0.0126 3.4351 620.0671 7.8128 48 Amblyglyphidodon leucogaster 5 10 15 7.5 0.0048 3.0000 421.8750 2.0250 49 Amblyglyphidodon ternatensis 4 8 12 6 0.0048 3.0000 216.0000 1.0368 50 Amphiprion percula 3 7 10 5 0.0316 2.9298 111.6458 3.5280 51 Amphiprion perideraion 2 7 9 4.5 0.0409 3.0000 91.1250 3.7270 52 Amphiprion ocellaris 3 8 11 5.5 0.0385 2.9041 141.2821 5.4394 53 Amphiprion sandaricinos 3 8 11 5.5 0.0358 3.0000 166.3750 5.9562 54 Premnas biaculeatus 2 11 13 6.5 0.0537 2.886 221.8543 11.9136 55 Amblyglyphidodon aureus 8 11 19 9.5 0.0126 3.4351 2283.3809 28.7706 56 Amphiprion clarkii 2 8 10 5 0.0235 3.0000 125.0000 2.9375 57 Dascyllus reticulatus 2 5 7 3.5 0.0311 3.1327 50.6293 1.5746 58 Dascyllus trimaculatus 2 5 7 3.5 0.108 2.75 31.3464 3.3854 59 Dascyllus aruanus 2 4 6 3 0.0136 2.686 19.1226 0.2601 60 Neoglyphidodon crossi 4 7 11 5.5 0.0178 3.1822 226.9772 4.0402 61 Pomacentrus littoralis 5 8 13 6.5 0.0281 3.084 321.3844 9.0309 62 Pomacentrus muluccensis 2 7 9 4.5 0.0305 3.0121 92.7986 2.8304 63 Chromis amboinensis 2 7 9 4.5 0.0258 3 91.1250 2.3510 64 Chromis retrofasciata 2 4 6 3 0.009 2.773 21.0406 0.1894 65 Chromis ternatensis 2 6 8 4 0.016 3.408 112.6732 1.8028 66 Chromis atripectoralis 4 9 13 6.5 0.0179 3.2907 473.2101 8.4705 67 Neoglyphidodon nigroris 5 10 15 7.5 0.0178 3.1822 609.0037 10.8403 68 Pomacentrus alexanderae 4 8 12 6 0.0135 3.312 377.7782 5.1000 69 Dischistodus perspicillatus 7 11 18 9 0.0537 2.8860 567.4713 30.4732 70 Neoglyphidodon thoracotaeniatus 8 11 19 9.5 0.0206 3.1462 1191.5548 24.5460 71 Chrysiptera talboti 2 6 8 4 0.0399 3.0000 64.0000 2.5536 72 Pomacentrus amboinensis 5 7 12 6 0.0439 2.8238 157.5228 6.9153 73 Chrysiptera springeri 2 5 7 3.5 0.038 3.0000 42.8750 1.6293 74 Chrysiptera hemicyanea 2 5 7 3.5 0.0399 3.0000 42.8750 1.7107 75 Chromis sp 2 4 6 3 0.0379 3.0000 27.0000 1.0233 76 Chromis viridis 1 8 9 4.5 0.0351 2.8997 78.3647 2.7506 77 Chrysiptera rollandi 2 6 8 4 0.022 3.0012 64.1066 1.4103 78 Abudefduf vaigiensis 7 10 17 8.5 0.099 3.267 1087.4558 107.6581 79 Chromis margaritifer 6 8 14 7 0.0044 3.0000 343.0000 1.5092 80 Pomacentrus bangkanensis 5 7 12 6 0.0215 3.21 314.6774 6.7656 b 6 Siganidae 7 Pomacentridae Family Spesies Ikan Length Estimation CM Kisaran JML a 119 b aL W  b L Appedix 10 Continuation No Estimasi F Spesies Rata2 panjang 81 Lutjanus gibbus 18 29 47 23.5 0.0153 3.091 17296.9991 264.6441 82 Lutjanus bohar 6 12 18 9 0.0156 3.0587 829.3571 12.9380 83 Lutjanus decussatus 21 30 51 25.5 0.0201 3.0000 16581.3750 333.2856 84 Lutjanus fulviflama 29 34 63 31.5 0.0205 2.9599 27217.5737 557.9603 85 Macolor niger 26 36 62 31 0.0308 3.0000 29791.0000 917.5628 86 Aprion virescens 35 40 75 37.5 0.0162 2.905 37373.2471 605.4466 87 Lutjanus kasmira 18 29 47 23.5 0.0111 3.1540 21103.1865 234.2454 88 Scolopsis bilineatus 12 18 30 15 0.0138 3.1738 5403.5408 74.5689 89 Scolopsis lineatus 10 20 30 15 0.0257 3.0000 3375.0000 86.7375 90 Gnonathodentex aureolineatus 13 20 33 16.5 0.018 3.0625 5352.3509 96.3423 91 Monotaxis heterodon 7 16 23 11.5 0.0239 3.011 1562.2884 37.3387 92 Lethrinus amboninensis 18 28 46 23 0.0204 3 12167.0000 248.2068 93 Elegatis bipinnulatus 30 40 70 35 0.0135 2.92 32261.0642 435.5244 94 Caranx melampygus 25 30 55 27.5 0.0211 2.941 17103.2031 360.8776 95 Sphyraena helleri 20 35 55 27.5 0.0047 3 20796.8750 97.7453 96 Sphyraena barracuda 50 55 105 52.5 0.007 2.972 129513.0258 906.5912 97 Scomberomurus commerson 25 35 60 30 0.0205 2.9599 23557.6086 482.9310 98 Rastrelliger kanagurta 20 30 50 25 0.0061 3.191 28895.2574 176.2611 99 Gymnosarda unicolor 34 39 73 36.5 0.0105 3.065 61436.6646 645.0850 100 Pterocaesio tile 12 14 26 13 0.0174 3.0000 2197.0000 38.2278 101 Pterocaesio pisang 12 18 30 15 0.0074 3.15 5066.2599 37.4903 102 Pterocaesio trilineata 8 14 22 11 0.0107 3.1778 2038.6265 21.8133 103 Pseudanthias huchti 4 10 14 7 0.0425 2.975 326.7132 13.8853 104 Pseudanthias bicolor 4 8 12 6 0.0254 3.0000 216.0000 5.4864 105 Cephalopholis argus 24 30 54 27 0.0093 3.1807 35705.7964 332.0639 106 Cephalopholis urodeta 17 23 40 20 0.0138 3.173 13432.8503 185.3733 107 Cephalopholis miniata 20 35 55 27.5 0.0107 3.1141 30354.6998 324.7953 108 Epinephelus polyphekadion 20 28 48 24 0.0124 3.057 16569.3612 205.4601 109 Epinephelus merra 18 25 43 21.5 0.0096 3.196 18133.1527 174.0783 110 Plectropomus oligocanthus 35 38 73 36.5 0.0132 3.0000 48627.1250 641.8781 111 Variola louti 21 35 56 28 0.0122 3.0791 28572.2403 348.5813 112 Epinephelus fasciatus 19 28 47 23.5 0.0161 2.929 10371.8868 166.9874 113 Aethaloperca rogaa 31 34 65 32.5 0.0299 3.0000 34328.1250 1026.4109 114 Cirrhitichthys falco 6 9 15 7.5 0.0033 3.8493 2335.4648 7.7070 115 Paracirrhites forsteri 6 9 15 7.5 0.0201 3.0000 421.8750 8.4797 116 Diagramma melanacrum 30 32 62 31 0.0077 3.131 46714.6892 359.7031 117 Plectorhinchus vittatus 21 27 48 24 0.0132 3.0000 13824.0000 182.4768 118 Plectorhinchus chaetodonnoides 28 30 58 29 0.0215 3.0000 24389.0000 524.3635 119 Chlorurus bleekeri 21 29 50 25 0.0041 3.0000 15625.0000 64.0625 120 Chlorurus sordidus 23 30 53 26.5 0.0127 3.141 29540.3264 375.1621 121 Cetosscarus bicolor 22 27 49 24.5 0.0174 3.0000 14706.1250 255.8866 8 Lutjanidae 15 Anthiinae 12 9 Nemipteridae 10 Lethrinidae 11 Carangidae 14 Caesionidae Sphyraenidae 13 Scombridae 17 Cirrhitidae 16 Serranidae 19 Scaridae 18 Haemullidae Family Spesies Ikan Length Estimation CM Kisaran JML a b 120 b aL W  b L Appedix 10 Continuation No Estimasi F Spesies Rata2 panjang 122 Cheilinus fasciatus 16 19 35 17.5 0.0318 3.0000 5359.3750 170.4281 123 Cirrhilabrus solorensis 4 9 13 6.5 0.0415 3.0000 274.6250 11.3969 124 Cheilinus chlorourus 12 15 27 13.5 0.0197 2.9932 2417.2136 47.6191 125 Anampses meleagrides 8 12 20 10 0.015 3.0000 1000.0000 15.0000 126 Thalassoma lunare 10 15 25 12.5 0.0211 2.8317 1276.7918 26.9403 127 Halichoeres hortulanus 10 18 28 14 0.0222 3.0000 2744.0000 60.9168 128 Thalassoma hardwicke 8 17 25 12.5 0.0126 2.878 1435.1821 18.0833 129 Halichoeres leucurus 10 12 22 11 0.0215 3.0000 1331.0000 28.6165 130 Halichoeres chrysus 8 12 20 10 0.0175 2.9568 905.3156 15.8430 131 Halichoeres chloropterus 10 12 22 11 0.016 2.87 974.5340 15.5925 132 Bodianus mesothorax 7 10 17 8.5 0.0174 3.0000 614.1250 10.6858 133 Hemigymnus melapterus 8 12 20 10 0.0182 3.0000 1000.0000 18.2000 134 Halichoeres negrescens 8 11 19 9.5 0.0182 3.0000 857.3750 15.6042 135 Halichoeres melanurus 7 10 17 8.5 0.0156 3.0000 614.1250 9.5804 136 Oxcheilinus celebicus 9 11 20 10 0.0201 3.0000 1000.0000 20.1000 137 Choerodon anchorago 8 13 21 10.5 0.0145 3.125 1553.1613 22.5208 138 Labroides dimidiatus 5 8 13 6.5 0.0108 3.0000 274.6250 2.9660 139 Diproctacanthus xanthurus 5 6 11 5.5 0.0076 3.105 198.9877 1.5123 140 Labroides bicolor 5 7 12 6 0.0409 3.0000 216.0000 8.8344 141 Cheilio inermis 12 15 27 13.5 0.0036 3.066 2921.4828 10.5173 142 Gomphosus varius 4 7 11 5.5 0.0124 3.002 166.9432 2.0701 143 Pseudocheilinus hexataenia 5 7 12 6 0.0415 3.0000 216.0000 8.9640 144 Myripristis murdjan 7 11 18 9 0.0376 3.0000 729.0000 27.4104 145 Sargocentron spiniferum 7 11 18 9 0.0154 3.1188 946.4366 14.5751 146 Neoniphon sammara 8 11 19 9.5 0.0276 2.8884 666.8941 18.4063 147 Apogon aureus 4 6 10 5 0.0081 3.409 241.4286 1.9556 148 Apogon compressus 4 6 10 5 0.0108 3.0000 125.0000 1.3500 149 Cheilodipterus macrodon 5 7 12 6 0.0041 3.577 607.3612 2.4902 23 Pseudochromidae 150 Pseudochromis paranox 6 8 14 7 0.0076 3.105 420.7551 3.1977 151 Nemateleotris magnifica 5 8 13 6.5 0.007 2.972 260.6025 1.8242 152 Ptereleotris avides 7 8 15 7.5 0.0278 2.9730 399.5371 11.1071 25 Callionymidae 153 Synchiropus splendidus 4 6 10 5 0.0109 3.3415 216.5750 2.3607 154 Parapercis sp 6 12 18 9 0.0100 3.1000 908.1379 9.0814 155 Parapercis clathrata 9 11 20 10 0.0124 3.002 1004.6158 12.4572 156 Parapercis hexophthalma 9 12 21 10.5 0.0085 3.0000 1157.6250 9.8398 27 Synodontidae 141 Synodus dermatogenys 8 17 25 12.5 0.0047 3.3455 4674.2555 21.9690 142 Koumansetta rainfordi 4 6 10 5 0.0081 3.0000 125.0000 1.0125 143 Valenciennea strigata 6 8 14 7 0.0087 3.0000 343.0000 2.9841 144 Amblyeleotris guttata 5 6 11 5.5 0.0129 3.0000 166.3750 2.1462 145 Amblyeleotris sp 5 6 11 5.5 0.0245 3.0000 166.3750 4.0762 146 Amblyeleotris steinitzi 4 6 10 5 0.0090 3.0000 125.0000 1.1250 28 Gobiidae Apogonidae Ptereleotridae 20 Labridae Family 21 Holocentridae 24 22 Pinguipedidae b Spesies Ikan Length Estimation CM Kisaran JML a 26 121 b aL W  b L Appedix 10 Continuation No Estimasi F Spesies Rata2 panjang 29 Blenniidae 163 Meiacanthus grammistes 5 6 11 5.5 0.0285 3.0000 166.3750 4.7417 164 Pterois volitans 12 15 27 13.5 0.0178 2.84 1622.3625 28.8781 165 Pterois antennata 13 15 28 14 0.0266 3.0000 2744.0000 72.9904 166 Scorpaenopsis sp 12 17 29 14.5 0.0326 2.9801 2890.6318 94.2346 31 Platycephalidae 167 Cymbacephalus beaufirti 40 50 90 45 0.004 3.2105 203066.7300 812.2669 168 Ostracion cubicus 3 5 8 4 0.101 2.588 36.1519 3.6513 169 Ostracion solorensis 4 5 9 4.5 0.007 2.972 87.3670 0.6116 170 Parupeneus crassilabris 12 16 28 14 0.0123 3.081 3397.9773 41.7951 171 Parupeneus multifasciatus 10 13 23 11.5 0.0114 3.2108 2545.0049 29.0131 172 Parupeneus vanicolensis 10 12 22 11 0.0036 3.451 3925.0587 14.1302 173 Parupeneus barbarinus 10 13 23 11.5 0.0151 3.078 1840.0429 27.7846 34 Aulostomidae 174 Aulostomus chenensis 25 35 60 30 0.0367 2.9432 22256.8284 816.8256 35 Centriscidae 175 Aeoliscus strigatus 9 12 21 10.5 0.0326 2.9720 1083.8635 35.3340 36 Pempheridae 176 Pempheris vanicolensis 6 7 13 6.5 0.0119 3.026 288.3207 3.4310 177 Balistoides conspicillum 9 15 24 12 0.0174 3.0000 1728.0000 30.0672 178 Sufflamen chrysopterus 6 12 18 9 0.0174 3.0000 729.0000 12.6846 179 Balistapus undulatus 5 7 12 6 0.007 2.972 205.4308 1.4380 180 Odonus niger 5 15 20 10 0.0366 3.0000 1000.0000 36.6000 181 Canthigaster bennetti 3 5 8 4 0.0266 3.0000 64.0000 1.7024 182 Canthigaster papua 3 6 9 4.5 0.0252 3.0000 91.1250 2.2964 183 Arothron nigropunctatus 17 20 37 18.5 0.0266 3.0000 6331.6250 168.4212 184 Canthigaster valentini 3 5 8 4 0.0367 2.9432 59.1538 2.1709 39 Syngnathidae 185 Dunckerocampus dactyliophorus 10 14 24 12 0.0174 3.0000 1728.0000 30.0672 186 Gymnothorax javanicus 90 100 190 95 0.0035 3.0000 857375.0000 3000.8125 187 Rhinomuraena quaesita 65 85 150 75 0.004 2.561 63391.6266 253.5665 188 Gymnothorax fimbriatus 50 60 110 55 0.0004 3.3236 608512.4032 243.4050 189 Heteroconger hassi 40 45 85 42.5 0.004 2.561 14801.4428 59.2058 41 Carcharhinidae 190 Carcharinus melanopterus 130 145 275 137.5 0.0033 3.1000 4253420.9351 14036.2891 42 Desyatidae 191 Taeniura lymma 45 60 105 52.5 0.0174 3.0000 144703.1250 2517.8344 43 Diodontidae 192 Diodon sp 8 12 20 10 0.285 2.345 221.3095 63.0732 44 Plotosidae 193 Plotosus lineatus 4 6 10 5 0.0082 3.457 260.8190 2.1387 Sumber : a dan b . WWW. Fishbased.org 39,771.12 JUMLAH BIOMASA Kg Family Spesies Ikan Length Estimation CM Kisaran JML a 40 Muraenidae 38 Tetraodontidae 32 b Mullidae 37 Balistidae 30 Scorpaenidae Ostraciidae 33 122 b aL W  b L Appendix 11. Calculation of reef fisheries simulation models Appendix 12. Fish biomass simulation results using 147 boats. Bulan Stok Ikan Recruitmen Total Penangkapan Jumlah Kapal Mortality Keuntungan 1 39,771.12 23,862.67 17,889.90 147 11,931.34 194,223,750.00 2 33,812.56 20,287.53 14,700.00 147 10,143.77 154,350,000.00 3 29,256.32 17,553.79 11,025.00 147 8,776.90 108,412,500.00 4 27,008.22 16,204.93 8,570.10 147 8,102.47 77,726,250.00 5 26,540.59 15,924.35 10,878.00 147 7,962.18 106,575,000.00 6 23,624.76 14,174.86 8,423.10 147 7,087.43 75,888,750.00 7 22,289.09 13,373.45 17,889.90 147 6,686.73 194,223,750.00 8 11,085.92 6,651.55 10,731.00 147 3,325.77 104,737,500.00 9 3,680.69 2,208.41 5,889.11 147 44,213,826.76 10 147 -29,400,000.00 11 147 -29,400,000.00 12 147 -29,400,000.00 13 147 -29,400,000.00 14 147 -29,400,000.00 15 147 -29,400,000.00 16 147 -29,400,000.00 17 147 -29,400,000.00 18 147 -29,400,000.00 19 147 -29,400,000.00 20 147 -29,400,000.00 21 147 -29,400,000.00 22 147 -29,400,000.00 23 147 -29,400,000.00 24 147 -29,400,000.00 25 147 -29,400,000.00 26 147 -29,400,000.00 27 147 -29,400,000.00 28 147 -29,400,000.00 29 147 -29,400,000.00 30 147 -29,400,000.00 31 147 -29,400,000.00 32 147 -29,400,000.00 33 147 -29,400,000.00 34 147 -29,400,000.00 35 147 -29,400,000.00 36 147 -29,400,000.00 37 147 -29,400,000.00 38 147 -29,400,000.00 39 147 -29,400,000.00 40 147 -29,400,000.00 41 147 -29,400,000.00 Appendix 12 Continues Bulan Stok Ikan Recruitmen Total Penangkapan Jumlah Kapal Mortality Keuntungan 42 147 -29,400,000.00 43 147 -29,400,000.00 44 147 -29,400,000.00 45 147 -29,400,000.00 46 147 -29,400,000.00 47 147 -29,400,000.00 48 147 -29,400,000.00 49 147 -29,400,000.00 50 147 -29,400,000.00 51 147 -29,400,000.00 52 147 -29,400,000.00 53 147 -29,400,000.00 54 147 -29,400,000.00 55 147 -29,400,000.00 56 147 -29,400,000.00 57 147 -29,400,000.00 58 147 -29,400,000.00 59 147 -29,400,000.00 Final 147 -29,400,000.00 Appendix 13. Fish biomass simulation results using 125 boats. Bulan Stok Ikan Recruitmen Total Penangkapan Jumlah Kapal Mortality Keuntungan 1 39,771.1 23,862.67 15,212.50 125 11,931.34 165,156,250.00 2 36,489.9 21,893.97 12,500.00 125 10,946.99 131,250,000.00 3 34,936.9 20,962.17 9,375.00 125 10,481.08 92,187,500.00 4 36,043.0 21,625.82 7,287.50 125 10,812.91 66,093,750.00 5 39,568.4 23,741.06 9,250.00 125 11,870.53 90,625,000.00 6 42,188.9 25,313.38 7,162.50 125 12,656.69 64,531,250.00 7 47,683.1 28,609.89 15,212.50 125 14,304.95 165,156,250.00 8 46,775.6 28,065.36 9,125.00 125 14,032.68 89,062,500.00 9 51,683.2 31,009.97 8,500.00 125 15,504.98 81,250,000.00 10 58,688.2 35,212.96 11,337.50 125 17,606.48 116,718,750.00 11 64,957.2 38,974.34 10,837.50 125 19,487.17 110,468,750.00 12 73,606.9 44,164.15 10,000.00 125 22,082.07 100,000,000.00 13 85,688.9 51,413.39 13,500.00 125 25,706.70 143,750,000.00 14 97,895.6 58,737.41 11,587.50 125 29,368.70 119,843,750.00 15 115,676.8 69,406.13 11,212.50 125 34,703.06 115,156,250.00 16 139,167.4 83,500.47 10,287.50 125 41,750.23 103,593,750.00 17 170,630.1 102,378.11 11,587.50 125 51,189.05 119,843,750.00 18 210,231.7 126,139.04 8,962.50 125 63,069.52 87,031,250.00 19 264,338.7 158,603.25 11,962.50 125 79,301.63 124,531,250.00 20 331,677.8 199,006.73 15,625.00 125 99,503.37 170,312,500.00 21 415,556.2 249,333.75 9,662.50 125 124,666.87 95,781,250.00 22 530,560.6 318,336.37 13,537.50 125 159,168.19 144,218,750.00 23 676,191.3 405,714.79 10,000.00 125 202,857.39 100,000,000.00 24 869,048.7 521,429.22 9,162.50 125 260,714.61 89,531,250.00 25 1,120,600.8 672,360.49 12,250.00 125 336,180.24 128,125,000.00 26 1,444,531.0 866,718.63 9,537.50 125 433,359.32 94,218,750.00 27 1,868,352.8 1,121,011.72 18,125.00 125 560,505.86 201,562,500.00 28 2,410,733.7 1,446,440.24 8,787.50 125 723,220.12 84,843,750.00 29 3,125,166.3 1,875,099.82 10,087.50 125 937,549.91 101,093,750.00 30 4,052,628.7 2,431,577.26 8,712.50 125 1,215,788.63 83,906,250.00 31 5,259,704.9 3,155,822.94 10,000.00 125 1,577,911.47 100,000,000.00 32 6,827,616.3 4,096,569.82 15,212.50 125 2,048,284.91 165,156,250.00 33 8,860,688.7 5,316,413.26 11,237.50 125 2,658,206.63 115,468,750.00 34 11,507,657.9 6,904,594.74 8,712.50 125 3,452,297.37 83,906,250.00 35 14,951,242.7 8,970,745.67 9,625.00 125 4,485,372.83 95,312,500.00 36 19,426,990.6 11,656,194.37 10,987.50 125 5,828,097.18 112,343,750.00 37 25,244,100.3 15,146,460.18 11,162.50 125 7,573,230.09 114,531,250.00 38 32,806,167.8 19,683,700.73 9,862.50 125 9,841,850.37 98,281,250.00 39 42,638,155.7 25,582,893.45 11,337.50 125 12,791,446.72 116,718,750.00 40 55,418,264.9 33,250,958.98 10,000.00 125 16,625,479.49 100,000,000.00 41 72,033,744.4 43,220,246.68 15,212.50 125 21,610,123.34 165,156,250.00 42 93,628,655.3 56,177,193.18 9,912.50 125 28,088,596.59 98,906,250.00 43 121,707,339.4 73,024,403.64 10,000.00 125 36,512,201.82 100,000,000.00 44 158,209,541.2 94,925,724.73 13,500.00 125 47,462,862.37 143,750,000.00 45 205,658,903.5 123,395,342.15 18,212.50 125 61,697,671.08 202,656,250.00 46 267,338,362.1 160,403,017.30 15,375.00 125 80,201,508.65 167,187,500.00 47 347,524,495.8 208,514,697.49 21,625.00 125 104,257,348.74 245,312,500.00 48 451,760,219.5 271,056,131.73 16,587.50 125 135,528,065.87 182,343,750.00 49 587,271,697.9 352,363,018.75 18,212.50 125 176,181,509.38 202,656,250.00 Appendix 13 Continues Bulan Stok Ikan Recruitmen Total Penang- kapan Jumlah Kapal Mortality Keuntungan 50 763,434,994.7 458,060,996.88 13,937.50 125 229,030,498.44 149,218,750.00 51 992,451,555.7 595,470,933.44 12,225.00 125 297,735,466.72 127,812,500.00 52 1,290,174,797.4 774,104,878.47 16,862.50 125 387,052,439.24 185,781,250.00 53 1,677,210,374.1 1,006,326,224.51 16,775.00 125 503,163,112.26 184,687,500.00 54 2,180,356,711.4 1,308,214,026.86 12,462.50 125 654,107,013.43 130,781,250.00 55 2,834,451,262.3 1,700,670,757.42 9,787.50 125 850,335,378.71 97,343,750.00 56 3,684,776,853.5 2,210,866,112.15 13,375.00 125 1,105,433,056.08 142,187,500.00 57 4,790,196,534.6 2,874,117,920.80 15,162.50 125 1,437,058,960.40 164,531,250.00 58 6,227,240,332.5 3,736,344,199.54 12,337.50 125 1,868,172,099.77 129,218,750.00 59 8,095,400,094.8 4,857,240,056.90 13,500.00 125 2,428,620,028.45 143,750,000.00 Final 10,524,006,623.2 125 201,562,500.00 Appendix 14. Fish biomass simulation results using 131boats. Bulan Stok Ikan Recruitmen Total Penangkapan Jumlah Kapal Mortality Keuntungan 1 39,771.1 23,862.7 15,942.70 131 11,931.3 173,083,750.00 2 35,759.7 21,455.9 13,100.00 131 10,727.9 137,550,000.00 3 33,387.6 20,032.6 9,825.00 131 10,016.3 96,612,500.00 4 33,578.9 20,147.3 7,637.30 131 10,073.7 69,266,250.00 5 36,015.3 21,609.2 9,694.00 131 10,804.6 94,975,000.00 6 37,126.0 22,275.6 7,506.30 131 11,137.8 67,628,750.00 7 40,757.5 24,454.5 15,942.70 131 12,227.2 173,083,750.00 8 37,042.0 22,225.2 9,563.00 131 11,112.6 93,337,500.00 9 38,591.6 23,155.0 8,908.00 131 11,577.5 85,150,000.00 10 41,261.1 24,756.7 11,881.70 131 12,378.3 122,321,250.00 11 41,757.8 25,054.6 11,357.70 131 12,527.3 115,771,250.00 12 42,927.4 25,756.4 10,480.00 131 12,878.2 104,800,000.00 13 45,325.6 27,195.4 14,148.00 131 13,597.7 150,650,000.00 14 44,775.4 26,865.2 12,143.70 131 13,432.6 125,596,250.00 15 46,064.3 27,638.5 11,750.70 131 13,819.2 120,683,750.00 16 48,132.9 28,879.7 10,781.30 131 14,439.8 108,566,250.00 17 51,791.4 31,074.8 12,143.70 131 15,537.4 125,596,250.00 18 55,185.2 33,111.1 9,392.70 131 16,555.5 91,208,750.00 19 62,348.1 37,408.8 12,536.70 131 18,704.4 130,508,750.00 20 68,515.8 41,109.5 16,375.00 131 20,554.7 178,487,500.00 21 72,695.5 43,617.3 10,126.30 131 21,808.6 100,378,750.00 22 84,377.9 50,626.7 14,187.30 131 25,313.3 151,141,250.00 23 95,504.0 57,302.4 10,480.00 131 28,651.2 104,800,000.00 24 113,675.2 68,205.1 9,602.30 131 34,102.5 93,828,750.00 25 138,175.5 82,905.3 12,838.00 131 41,452.6 134,275,000.00 26 166,790.1 100,074.1 9,995.30 131 50,037.0 98,741,250.00 27 206,831.9 124,099.1 18,995.00 131 62,049.5 211,237,500.00 28 249,886.4 149,931.9 9,209.30 131 74,965.9 88,916,250.00 29 315,643.1 189,385.8 10,571.70 131 94,692.9 105,946,250.00 30 399,764.3 239,858.6 9,130.70 131 119,929.3 87,933,750.00 31 510,563.0 306,337.8 10,480.00 131 153,168.9 104,800,000.00 32 653,251.9 391,951.1 15,942.70 131 195,975.5 173,083,750.00 33 833,284.7 499,970.8 11,776.90 131 249,985.4 121,011,250.00 34 1,071,493.2 642,895.9 9,130.70 131 321,447.9 87,933,750.00 35 1,383,810.5 830,286.3 10,087.00 131 415,143.1 99,887,500.00 36 1,788,866.7 1,073,320.0 11,514.90 131 536,660.0 117,736,250.00 37 2,314,011.8 1,388,407.1 11,698.30 131 694,203.5 120,028,750.00 38 2,996,517.1 1,797,910.2 10,335.90 131 898,955.1 102,998,750.00 39 3,885,136.3 2,331,081.8 11,881.70 131 1,165,540.9 122,321,250.00 40 5,038,795.6 3,023,277.3 10,480.00 131 1,511,638.6 104,800,000.00 41 6,539,954.2 3,923,972.5 15,942.70 131 1,961,986.2 173,083,750.00 Appendix 14 Continues Bulan Stok Ikan Recruitmen Total Penangkapan Jumlah Kapal Mortality Keuntungan 42 8,485,997.8 5,091,598.7 10,388.30 131 2,545,799.3 103,653,750.00 43 11,021,408.9 6,612,845.3 10,480.00 131 3,306,422.6 104,800,000.00 44 14,317,351.6 8,590,410.9 14,148.00 131 4,295,205.4 150,650,000.00 45 18,598,409.1 11,159,045.4 19,086.70 131 5,579,522.7 212,383,750.00 46 24,158,845.1 14,495,307.0 16,113.00 131 7,247,653.5 175,212,500.00 47 31,390,385.6 18,834,231.4 22,663.00 131 9,417,115.7 257,087,500.00 48 40,784,838.3 24,470,903.0 17,383.70 131 12,235,451.5 191,096,250.00 49 53,002,906.1 31,801,743.7 19,086.70 131 15,900,871.8 212,383,750.00 50 68,884,691.3 41,330,814.8 14,606.50 131 20,665,407.4 156,381,250.00 51 89,535,492.2 53,721,295.3 12,811.80 131 26,860,647.6 133,947,500.00 52 116,383,328.0 69,829,996.8 17,671.90 131 34,914,998. 194,698,750.00 53 151,280,654.6 90,768,392.7 17,580.20 131 45,384,196.3 193,552,500.00 54 196,647,270.8 117,988,362.49 13,060.70 131 58,994,181.3 137,058,750.00 55 255,628,391.3 153,377,034.82 10,257.30 131 76,688,517.4 102,016,250.00 56 332,306,651.4 199,383,990.89 14,017.00 131 99,691,995.4 149,012,500.00 57 431,984,629.9 259,190,777.9 15,890.30 131 129,595,388.9 172,428,750.00 58 561,564,128.6 336,938,477.2 12,929.70 131 168,469,238.5 135,421,250.00 59 730,020,437.4 438,012,262.5 14,148.00 131 219,006,131.3 150,650,000.00 Final 949,012,420.7 131 211,237,500.00

1. INTRODUCTION

1.1. Background

Indonesian coastal and sea are the high potential diversity area. Coastal resources take main role play in supporting regional and national economy development, that increases national income, income source and community income. Coastal resources have benefits because they are provided in large amount with wide diversity range, with low price usage. Coastal area provides productive natural resources as food source, as well as energy and mineral mine, communication media as well as recreation or tourism. Therefore, coastal area is the foundation of human sources in fulfilling their needs in the future. Coastal development is a changing process to increase community living level, attached with coastal resources usage. Natural source is changed in this activity which can affect the environment. The higher the development rate is, the higher the natural resources usage will be and the bigger the changes in environment is, especially for coral reefs ecosystem. Coral reefs is rich ecosystem in biotic diveristy. This ecosystem is the habitat for sea organisms that structures complex food chains. As a natural ecosystem, coral reefs plays important role and function for sea fertilizing and economy of coastal community. Coral reefs advantage is divided by direct advantage and indirect advantage. Direct advantage can be used directly by human, for example fishcoral stonestourismresearch source usage as well as other biota usage, contained in the area. Indirect advantage can be described as the function of coral reefs as beach barrier, beach abrasion barricade, biotic diveristy, etc. According to coral reefs coverage, Indonesia is the second largest after Australia, which covers as wide as 42.000 km 2 COREMAP-LIPI, 1998. Coral reefs in Indonesia is estimated as much as around 42.000 km 2 or 16.50 of total world coral reefs. Further, Veron 1995 stated that Indonesian coral reefs is the center of world biotic diversity which consists of 70 genera and 450 species. Ironically, from year to year, Indonesian coral reefs condition is poor. Based on COREMAP data 2001 in Yatin and Irmadi 2003, it is known that Indonesian coral reefs condition is as follows : 6,51 is very good, 26,04 is good, 34,71 is moderate, and 32,74 is poor. According to P2O-LIPI 2006 Indonesian coral reefs condition is as follows : 39.50 is poor, 33.50 is moderate, 21.70 is good, and only 3.50 is very good. The change is caused by two main reasons, human activity and natural cause. The decreasing of coral reefs condition in Liwutongkidi Island is caused by human activities. Based on a research using Line Intercept Transect LIT method by Marine and Fisheries Agency of Buton regency 2007, reported that coral reefs at Liwutongkidi island and surrounding was badly damaged in certain spots at 3m and 10m depth. Some fishermen also reported that the damage is caused by human factors catching method using potassium, fish trap and bomb. This kind of fishing activity in the area will cause the instinction of small fishes and reefs biota zooxanthellae which can threaten the ecosystem and species preservation. Further, without improving effort, the valuable comodities will lose as well as economic growth that will be going down. This condition has triggered a sustainable reef ecosystem based management effort. To know the change of coral reefs ecosystem condition in Liwutongkidi Island and surroundings, a research or study related to potency, changing and usage of coral reefs shall be conducted, to determine the actual reefs condition. Liwutongkidi Island coastal area has huge ocean resources if it is managed integratedly, considering the relation among resource components in a model, to keep the preservation of coastal resources. Considering coral reefs condition nowadays and the important value of reefs ecology as well as economy and related ecosystem for human life, a Coral Reefs Ecosystem Based Ecology-Economy Analysis of Fisheries Management in Liwutongkidi Island of Buton Regency, Southeast Sulawesi Province. 1.2. Issue Formulation Community living in the coastal area like fishermen and farmers depend on coastal resources. Fragile coastal resources and environment condition will affect the social economy and social culture aspects. The coral reefs damage is caused by human activities, like fishing method using explossive material and poison potassium and cyanide, shown by physical damage coral reefs spots. According to Bappeda 2005, Kecamatan Siompu at coordinate 050 40’23’’ SL, 1220 33’57’’ EL has 50- 75 of reefs coverage and Kecamatan Kadatua at coordinate 050 31’21’’ SL, 1220 28’14’’ EL has 25-35 of reefs coverage. Reefs mining for construction and road material also cause the ecosystem damage. Coastal resources issues relate to lack of community knowledge about the importance of coral reefs ecosystem for supporting their life. So far, the coastal resources usage by community has been orientated to instant utilization without considering its sustainability. To implement the preservation of coastal and marine resources in increasing and maintaining fisheries production, study model is needed using coral reefs based ecology economy approach by answering basic questions as follow : 1. How is the ecologic characteristic, especially coral reefs and reef fishes condition 2. How is the optimal utilization of reef fisheries sustainably 3. How is the ecosystem based reef fisheries management

1.3 Research Objectives and Benefits

The research objectives are : 1. To identify composition charactersitic of bottom surface, fish community composition and its co-relation with the habitat at coral reefs ecosystem in conservation area of Liwutongkidi Island 2. To estimate economy value of coral reefs ecosystem in conservation area of Liwutongkidi Island 3. To formulate management concept of coral reefs ecosystem based on ecology- economy model in conservation area of Liwutongkidi Island The research benefits are : 1. To give basic information for coral reefs ecosystem authority in conservation area of Liwutongkidi Island. 2. As guideline in integrated and sustainable planning, policy, utilization and management of coral reefs ecosystem.

1.4. Work Frame

Liwutongkidi Island conservation area as a rich biotic resources area and as nursery ground and spawning ground, is well managed. On the other hand, its over utilization is feared to affect the natural resources and its environment. This concerns have made us to do something to protect this area through Sea Conservation Area. Ecology-economy management is very important to understand how far the utilization of Sea Conservation Area gives the direct benefits as well as indirect benefits, economically benefits as well as non- economically benefits for coastal community. Without good planning, the resources conservation will be threatened and this will affect the marine resources, utilized by humans. The exploration of resource potency has absolutely to be conducted sustainably. Sustainable coral reefs management is very important to conduct. The existence of productive coral reefs ecosystem shall support local fishermen’s life. When coral reefs ecosystem could be functioned optimally, fisheries production will increase as well social economy activities indirectly. Not only is fisheries purely economy activity, but it has been a way of living for most of small scale fishermen in tropical region. Therefore, social-ecology approach which acommodates ecology and economy aspects in a system would be appropriate to be considered for future fisheries resources management. Coastal management is a process of an effort to control human activities in using natural resources of coastal region, to be able to produce as maximum benefit as possible for community, at present time as well as for future time. Therefore, to determine good management system, we need to understand the characteristic of dynamic coral reefs ecosystem and unique environment condition. The perspective similarity about objectives, utilization pattern and coral reefs ecosystem management shall be a good place to reach benefits for community. Further more, the quality of coral reefs ecosystem and social economy condition of local community towards some criteria’s of reef fisheries ecosystem based management, is conducted using ecology and economy approaches. Coral reefs ecosystem is one of typical tropical coastal area, that has important functions ecologically as well as economically. The function is to provide nutrients for water biota, physical shelter, spawning ground, playing ground and nursery ground. Besides ecology function, coral reefs also produces various products with high economy value, like reef fishes, reef crustaceans, algae, sea cucumber, etc. Ecology approach of coral reefs ecosystem is one of the important factors to identify the changes happened in fish community structure, includes coral covering percentage, diversity, homogeneity and domination of reef fishes as well as to identify the co-relation between the fish and the reef. To identify the coral reefs condition, LIT Line Intercept Transect method is used, with transect as long as 70 meter, as deep as 3-10 meter along the coastal line. Economy approach from reef fisheries economy aspect is determined by direct use value and indirect use value. Direct use value are products that can be utilized directly, for example consuming fish and ornamental fish, while indirect use value is difficult to identify because the value changes from time to time, for example reef ecosystem as natural breakwater and habitat for various reef fishes. Besides that, coral reefs provide direct and indirect utilization for community, especially coastal community around Liwutongkidi Island. The most dominant and valuable utilization is the products coming from marine fisheries resources supported by reefs ecosystem. Ecology and economy approach is used as based in determining policy approach pattern by studying using ecology-economy approach to produce an integrated and sustainable coral reef based management. An integrated coastal region management is an interactive and evolutionary process to implement the coastal region development optimally and sustainably. In preparing ecology-economy management in utilizing the reef fisheries in coastal region of Liwutongkidi Island, we need to prepare a model of system dinamics, using comprehensive Stella software 9.02 version to describe the relation of ecology-economy utilization of coral reefs ecosystem in coastal region of Liwutongkidi Island, to identify the problem root which bases the decreasing coral reefs ecosystem in the coastal region of Liwutongkidi Island and to