water clarity at each sampling point is 100, indicating that in this location there is no sedimentation no river and the substrates are generally reef or sand.
4.4. Utilization of Fishery Resources 4.4.1. Motor boat ship
Boat and canoe are use to perform fishing activities and as a means of transportation in the three villages that varied in number and size. As a fishing
vessel, the fishermen use boats with motorized engine or without engine. The number of boats or motor boats declined from year to year due to the development
of village area that can be seen in Figure 8. Figure 8. The number of boat ship in Kapoa, Waonu and Tongali Village
Source : Statistic of fisheries production and potency in Buton Distric 2009
4.4.2. Type of Fishing Gear
Fishing gear used by fishermen in Tongali, Siompu and Kadatua Village generally are Fishing Trap, Gillnet and Trawl. The number of fishing gear used by
the fishermen are about 10 types of fishing gear that are grouped into: the group of trawl purse seine, drift gill nets, gill nets and equipment, fishing rod troll line,
hand line, groups of trap set net and traps, and net floating net and boat raft net. Most of the fishing activity done by individuals and rarely in large-scale of
fishing groups. The number of fishing gear can be seen in Figure 9.
Figure 9. Number of fishing gear in Kapoa, Waonu and Tongali Village
Source : Statistic of fisheries production and potency in Buton District 2009
4.4.3. Climate and Fishing Seasons
Changes in weather or climate condition of a region influenced by air temperature, number of rainy days, amount of rainfall and intensitity of radiation.
Liwutongkidi, Siompu and Kadatua Island are categorized in wet areas with high intensity of rainfall more than 2,000 mm year. Condition of the season in these
island are generally same with other areas that have 2 seasons namely rainy and dry season with its temperatures ranging between 27
C to 30 C.
Generally, fishermen in these three villages doing fishing activity in the east monsoon or known by the local community with calm season. Dry season
occurs from May to August, in this season fishermen use nets, fishing rods, arrows and traps to catch reef fishes. Catching reef fishes began to diminish
during the west monsoon from October to December. In this season, there is no fishing activity because of the large waves and strong winds. Basically, fishermen
have a knowledge about the transition between season by looking at the signs of natural environment around them.
Additionally, they also have a knowledge about fishing season of reef fishes. The season when reef fishes abundant is from March to July, medium catch
is from September to October and less catch is from December to January.
4.5. Socio-Economic Condition 4.5.1. Accessibility
