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final purpose of this study, i.e. assessing the accuracy, and the readability of the translation because this research could not be based on the text-book research and
the writer’s analysis only. To assess the quality of the translation, it required the second party opinion called as the respondents. Therefore, this research also
applied field research Sutopo, 2002: 15.
C. Research Instruments 1. Kinds of Data
There were two kinds of data used in this research. The primary data were the data of terms related to ‘tool’ taken from the novel, This Earth of Mankind.
The secondary data were the terms related to ‘tool’ taken from Jamil Nur Ardiansah’s undergraduate thesis.
a. Objective Data
There were two main sources as the objective data in this study. The first source was the Indonesian version of the novel, Bumi Manusia by Pramoedya
Ananta Toer published by Hasta Mitra in 1980, as the source text ST. This book has 367 pages.
The second source was This Earth of Mankind translated by Max Lane published by Penguin Group in 1982, as the target text TT. This book has 405
pages.
b. Affective Data
The affective data were the information gained from the respondents through questionnaire
Sutopo, 2002: 20. The questionnaire contained
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comparison of the ST and TT in which the respondents gave assessment to the accuracy, and the readability of the transalation. There were two different groups
of respondents who would be categorized into accuracy and readability. The accuracy group consisted of three experts who would assess the
accuracy of the translation. Those experts came from different backgrounds. They were profesional translator, language scholar, and literary expert. They were
chosen to represent the whole range of expertise needed to assess the translation accuracy. Professional translator represented the expert who had the declarative
and procedural knowledge of translation. Language scholar represented the one who had bilingual expertise, and literary expert represented the one who knew a
lot about literary works. Since the book was translated into English and published for English
speaking readers, the readability group consisted of seven readers from English- speaking countries who enjoyed Indonesian literature translated into English.
They were from Australia, United States, Turkey, Hong Kong, Netherland, and New Zealand. They were from various backgrounds, foreign students who studied
in Indonesia, and one of them had an Indonesian wife. All of them were familiar with Indonesian culture and enjoyed literatures. These respondents were assumed
to represent target readers who would become the captive market of the book This Earth of Mankind. Their various backgrounds and their familiarity with
Indonesian culture were important, because the projected readers of the Toer’s works must know Indonesian literature at least.
