Type of the Research Research Design

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CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD

A. Type of the Research

This research was classified as action research since it tried to solve problems discovered in the teaching and learning process based on the preliminary observation and interviews. According to Burns 1999: 30, action research is the application of fact finding to practical problem solving in a social situation with a view to improve the quality of actions in it by involving the collaboration and corporation of researcher, practitioners and laymen. Furthermore, Carr and Kemis in Burns 2010: 5 state that action research is ‘self-reflective enquiry’ undertaken by participants in order to improve the rationality and justice of their own social or educational practices as well as their understanding of these practices and the situations in which these practices are carried out. So, one of the aims of action research is to identify a ‘problematic’ situation or obstacles that the participants who may include teachers, students, managers, administrators, or even parents in order to bring about changes, and even better improvements in practice based on information or data that researcher collects systematically.

B. Research Design

The research on improving the tenth grade students’ speaking skills through jigsaw technique at SMK N 1 Depok focused on the efforts to make better 44 45 improvements especially for the students’ speaking skills on the topics that were taught. It was conducted collaboratively with the English teacher, a collaborator and the students of Busana Butik class at SMK N 1 Depok to improve the students’ speaking skills by formulating the problems in speaking, teaching and learning process, planning, implementing the action, observing, and reflecting. Two important factors that could influence the criteria of success of the research were discussion and collaboration among all of the research members. The action research was conducted through the process below. Figure 1: Cyclical action research model based on Kemmis and McTaggart in Burns 2010: 9

C. Setting of the Research