Saran A. HANGESTI EMI WIDYASARI

82 penambahan picung dan garam dapat mematikan bakteri pembusuk. Sedangkan pengamatan pada hari ke 3 dan hari ke 6 menunjukkan nilai yang lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan pengamatan pada hari ke 9. Semua perlakuan yang diberikan pada penelitian ini dapat menekan laju pertumbuhan bakteri dan memberikan daya awet produk yang lebih panjang, sampai dengan hari ke 6 pada suhu kamar, jika dibandingkan dengan pengamatan pada hari ke 9. 4 Secara organoleptik ikan kembung segar yang dilumuri campuran garam dan picung dengan perlakuan g2p2, g2p4, g2p6, g3p2, g3p4 dan g3p6 dapat bertahan hingga pada pengamatan ke 3 atau selama 6 hari penyimpanan. Kombinasi ini masih memberikan nilai organoleptik yang cukup dan ikan kembung segar masih layak untuk dikonsumsi, kecuali pada pengamatan ke 4 atau pada hari ke 9 terutama untuk parameter aroma dan rasa, karena adanya bau yang menyengat dan perubahan rasa. Ada pengaruh positif pada rasa yaitu rasa gurih pada daging ikan kembung yang diberi perlakuan campuran picung meskipun hanya 2 yang ditambahkan tetapi dapat menambah rasa bagi konsumen. 5 Kombinasi 2 biji picung segar Pangium edule Reinw dengan 2 garam sudah dapat digunakan sebagai bahan pengawet alami pada ikan kembung segar Rastrelliger brachysoma dan dapat disimpan selama 6 hari pada suhu kamar. Pemilihan konsentrasi tersebut dapat digunakan karena sudah cukup efektif dan lebih ekonomis.

5.2 Saran

1 Penggunaan picung dan garam pada ikan segar dapat diaplikasikan di TPI dan pasar ikan terutama untuk daerah yang jauh dari lokasi pabrik es kekurangan es. 2 Perlu dilakukan identifikasi bahan bioaktif alami yang berperan sebagai antimikroba dan antioksidan pada biji picung. 83 DAFTAR PUSTAKA Adidjaja, I. 1991. Aktivitas Antioksidan Alami dari Biji Picung Pangium edule Reinw Terfermentasi pada Minyak Goreng Kelapa Sawit. Skripsi Jurusan Teknologi Pangan dan Gizi, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, IPB. Bogor. 87 halaman Afriantono, 1989. Proses Pengolahan Ikan. Teknologi Pangan dan Gizi, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, IPB. Bogor.51 halaman. Andarwulan, N., S. Fardiaz, G.A. Watimena Shetty, K. 1999. Antioksidant Aktivity Associated with Lipid and Phenolic Mobilization Durring Seed Germination of Pangium edule Reinw. J. Agric. Food Chem 47:3158- 3163. Anwar, E. 1992. Isolasi Antioksidan dari Biji Picung Pangium edule Reinw Terfermentasi. Skripsi Jurusan Teknologi Pangan dan Gizi, Fakultas Technologi Pertanian, IPB. Bogor. 67 halaman. Anwar, E., A. Soemiati, R. Sarjito N.W.A. Indraningsih. 1999. Pemeriksaan Daya Antibakteri secara in vitro Minyak Biji Picung Pangium edule Reinw Terhadap Bakteri Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa dan Escherichia coli. Jurusan Farmasi, FMIPA, Universitas Indonesia. 105 halaman. AOAC, 1984. Official Methods of Analysis of the Association of Official Analytical Chemist. Ed. Ke 14. Washington. Hal.386. AOAC, 1990. Official Methods of Analysis of the Association of Official Analytical Chemist. Ed. Ke 20. Washington. Hal 311. Belitz, H.D dan Grosch, 1999. Food Chemistry. Springer. Germany.992 halaman. Berg, A. 1986. Peranan Gizi dalam Pembangunan Nasional. CV.Rajawali. Jakarta. 290 halaman. Bishop, R. 1997. The Football Fruit, F.F.P.N Developer Palau Cummunity Action Agency, Koror, Republik of Palau. 232 halaman. Borgstrom, Georg Paris, Clark. D.1972. The Regional Development of Fisheries and Processing. Departemen of Food Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing Michigan. 84 Bradbury, M.G., S.V. Egan dan M.J. Lynch. 1997. Analysis of Cyanide in Cassava Using Acid Hydrolysis of Cyanogenic Glucosides. J. Food Sci. Agric. 55,277-290. Bradbury, M.G., S.V. Egan dan J.H. Bradbury. 1999. Picrate Paper Kits for Determination of Total Cyanogens in Cassava Roots and All form of Cyanogens in Cassava Product. J.Sci. Food Agrc. 79:593-601. Buckle, K. A, R. A. Edwards., G. H. Fleet., M Wooton., 1987. Ilmu Pangan. Hari Purnomo dan Adiono Penerjemah. UI Press. Jakarta. 218 halaman. Burkill, I.H. 1935. A Dictionary of the Economic Products of the Malay Peninsula. Crown Agents. Vol 2 p.1652-2402. Conn, E.E. 1969. Cyanogenic Glucosides. Agric. Food Chem. 17:519-526. Datulong, V. 1997. Pengaruh Pemberian Asam Askorbat, Cara Pengemasan Plastik dan Lama Penyimpanan pada Suhu Dingin terhadap Oksidasi Lipid Ham Cakalang Katsuwonus pelamis L. Tesis Program Pascasarjana. KPK IPB UNSRAT Menado.107 halaman. De Man. John. M. 1997. Kimia Makanan. Guru Besar Departemen Ilmu Makanan Ontario Agricultural College University of Guelph. Guelph, Ontario, Canada. Edisi kedua. ITB Bandung. p.549. Departemen Kesehatan RI. 1995. Komposisi Zat Gizi dan Pangan Indonesia Direktorat Bina Gizi Masyarakat dan Puslitbang Gizi. Depkes RI. Jakarta. 36 halaman. Direktorat Jenderal Perikanan, 1988. Petunjuk Teknis Pengujian Mikrobiologi Hasil Perikanan. Dirjen Perikanan. Deptan R.I. Jakarta. 205 halaman. Ditjen Perikanan. 1990. Buku Pedoman Pengenalan Sumberdaya Perikanan Laut Jenis – jenis Ikan Ekonomis Penting Deptan R.I. Jakarta.68 halaman. Dewan Standarisasi Nasional, 1991. Penentuan Kadar Total Volatile Base TVB dan Trimetylamine TMA Secara Conway. SNI 01-2369-1991. Jakarta. Egan, S. V., H.H. Yeoh, and J. H. Bradburry. 1998. Simple Picrate Paper Kit fior Determination of the Sianogenic Potensial of Cassava Flour, J. Sci Food Agric., 75, 258-262. Emmawati, A. 1998. Pengaruh Kandungan Picung dalam Bumbu Rawon Terhadap Aktivitas Antimikroba pada Sistem Pangan. Skripsi Jurusan 85 Teknologi Pangan dan Gizi, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, IPB. Bogor. 55 halaman. FAOWHOUnicef PAG 1972. PAG Guideline No.11 for the Sanitary Production and the use of Dry Protein Foods, PAG Bull. Vol. II No. 3, p.14-18. Fardiaz.S., 1983. Mikrobiologi Pangan. Lembaga Sumberdaya Informasi. Intitut Pertanian Bogor. 180 halaman. Fardiaz, S.,1992. Mikrobiologi Pangan II. P.T. Gramedia. Jakarta 283 halaman. Fellows, P. J. 1990. Food Processing Technology : Principles and Practice. Ellis Hoorwod Limited. 575 halaman. Frazier, William Caroll. Food Microbiology. New York, Mc Graw Hill, 1958. p.288. Gasperz,V.1991. Metode Perancangan Percobaan.Armico, Bandung.472 halaman. Gimlette, 1929. Mal Poison, ed. Of page 229. Malay Peninsula. Greshoff, M., Beschrijving der giftige en bedwelmende planten bij de visvangst in gebruik. Mededeelingen uit ’s Land Plantentuin No. X 1893 dan XXIX 1900, dan Medeelingen uitgaande van het Department van Landbouw No. XVII 1913. Dikutip sebagai : Gresshoff, Vischvergiften IIII. Hadisusilo, S., L, Komalasari Soleh Kosela. 1999. Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Biji Kluwek Pangium edule Reinw. Didalam Soleh Kosela., dkk. 1999. Seminar Nasional Kimia Bahan Alam. UI Jakarta. hlm. 371-378. Hadiwiyoto. S., 1983. Hasil-Hasil Olahan Susu, Ikan, Daging, Telur. Liberty, Yogyakarta.156 halaman. Heyne, K. 1959. De Nuttige Planten van Indonesie. Bandung, Van Hoeve, p.1135. Heyne, K. 1987. Tumbuhan Berguna Indonesia. Jilid I-616 hal, II-630 hal, III-567 hal, IV-668 hal. Terjemahan Balitbang Kehutanan, Jakarta. Hidayat, A., N., Sianida pada Ubikayu. 2000. Proceeding Seminar Hasil Penelitian Tanaman Pangan Berwawasan Lingkungan, Pati, 7 Nov 2000. Hidayat, N. 2000. Kadar Total Sianogen pada Tanaman Ubi kayu manihot esculenta Crantz . FMIPA. Institut Pertanian Bogor. 36 halaman. 86 Hidayat, A., N. Zuraida, I. Hanarida and D.S. Darmadjati, 2000. Cyanogenic Content of Cassava Root of 179 Cultivars Grown in Indonesia. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis 13, 71-82. Hidayat, A. and D.S. Darmadjati, 2003. Uji Cepat Sianida pada Umbi dan Tepung Ubi Kayu. Balitbang Pertanian dan Balitbiogen Departemen Pertanian R.I. dengan Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research. Hilditch, T.P. P. N. Williams. 1964. The Chemical Constituent of Natural Fats. Chapman and Hall, London. 268 halaman. Indriyati. 1989. Mempelajari Aktivitas Antibakteri Biji Picung Pangium edule Reinw Terhadap Beberapa Bakteri Pembusuk Ikan in vitro. Skripsi Jurusan Teknologi Pangan dan Gizi, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, IPB. Bogor. 102 halaman. Ingram , M and Kitchell, A.G. 1967. Salt as Preservative for Food. Journal of Food Technology No. 2. Hal 34-40. Jacaline, D.V. 1960. Edible Fruit-bearing trees in the Philippines. Forestry Leaves 12:231. Ketaren, 1986. Minyak dan Lemak Pangan. Universitas Indonesia Press. Jakarta.315 halaman. Kristikasari, E. 2000. Mempelajari Sifat Antimikroba Biji Picung Pangium edule Reinw Segar dan Terfermentasi Terhadap Bakteri Patogen dan Perusak Makanan. Skripsi Jurusan Teknologi Pangan dan Gizi, Fakultas Tekhnologi Pertanian, IPB. Bogor. 57 halaman. Koorders, S. H. TH. Valeton. Bijragen tit de kennis der Boomsorten op Java, jilid I-XIII 1894-1914. Dikutip sebagai: K V. Teysmannia, 1896 halaman 505. LIPI. 1998. Widya Karya Nasional Pangan dan Gizi 1997. Hal. 476. Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia. Jakarta. Moelyanto,1982. Penggaraman dan Pengeringan Ikan. PT. Penebar Swadaya. Jakarta. 39 halaman. Muchtadi, Deddy. 1989. Aspek Biokimia dan Gizi dalam Keamanan Pangan Depdikbud RI dan Pusat Antar Universitas Pangan dan Gizi. IPB. Bogor. 283 halaman. 87 Nitibaskara. R., 1986. Penggunaan Beberapa Jenis Humektan untuk Mengatur Aktivitas Air Aw Pindang Guna Meningkatkan Ketahanan Hasilnya. Karya Ilmiah. Jurusan PHP. FPIK. IPB Bogor. 67 halaman. Panghegar, H. 1990. Isolasi Komponen Antioksidan Alami dari Biji Picung Pangium edule Reinw. Skripsi Jurusan Teknologi Pangan dan Gizi, Fakultas Technologi Pertanian, IPB. Bogor. 57 halaman. Paris. 1913. See Perrot and Vogt in Trav Lab. Mat. Med. Paris,9. page 206. Puspitasari Ni Luh, Nienaber. 1994. Lipids and Lipid Soluble Components in the Oil of Keluwak {Ripened Picung Pangium edule Reinw Seed}. Bul. Teknologi dan Industri Pangan 5:67-75. Quisumbling. E. 1947. Philiphine Plant Used for Arrow and Fish poisons. Phillipine J. Sci 77:127-177 Reid dan Pelczar. 1979. Protein dalam Food Nutrition in Australia, M.L. Wahlqvist ed. , Cassel, Australia Inst., Melbourne, Australia. Romlah, E. 1992. Mempelajari Pertumbuhan Aktivitas Antioksidan dan Lemak Selama fermentasi Daging Biji Picung Pangium edule Reinw. Skripsi Jurusan Teknologi Pangan dan Gizi, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, IPB. Bogor.111 halaman. Saanin, H. 1984. Taksonomi dan Kunci Identifikasi Ikan I. Dosen LB IPB : Faperikan dan Fatemeta IPB. Bogor. 245 halaman. Soediyono NH, Suryanto D, Letelay J dan Bustaman S. 1986. Pengaruh Lama Penyimpanan Terhadap Pola Kemunduran Mutu Udang Windu P. Monodon. Jurnal Penelitian Pascapanen Perikanan. No. 54:5-10 Soekarto, S.T. 1985. Penilaian Organoleptik untuk Industri Pangan dan Hasil Pertanian. Penerbit Bharata Karya Aksara. Jakarta. 121 halaman. Standar Nasional Indonesia. 1991. SNI 01-2346-1991. Petunjuk Pengujian Organoleptik Produk Perikanan. Badan Standarisasi Nasional. Standar Nasional Indonesia. 1992. SNI 01-2729-1992. Spesifikasi Persyaratan Mutu Ikan Segar Menurut Standar Perikanan Indonesia Secara Organoleptik dan Mikrobiologi. Badan Standarisasi Nasional. Steel, G.D., and J.H. Torrie. 1993. Prinsip dan Prosedur Statistika. P.T. Gramedia. Jakarta. 748 halaman. 88 Voon-boon-hoc Kuch-hong-siong. 1999. The Nutritional Value of Indigenous Fruits and Vegetables in Serawak. Asia Pacifik J. Clin Nutr. 8: 24-31. Vorderman, A. G., 1899. Inlandsche namen van eenige Madoereesche planten en simplicia. Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Ned.-Indie jilid 59 1899, hlm. 140. Dikutip sebagai: Vorderman, Madoereesche planten. Wahyudi Priyono, Sumi Hadiyono, Endang Saepudin, Susilowati, Siswati Setiasih, Budiawan, Sultan Bajri dan Ary Yanuar Penyunting. Seminar Nasional Kimia Bahan Alam 1999. Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta. Widaningsih 2001. Studi Proses Pembuatan Pindang Ikan Kembung di Pelabuhan Ratu. Skripsi P.S. THP Jurusan PHP FPIK, IPB. 95 halaman Widyasari, H. E. R. A. 2000. Pemanfaatan Hidrolisat Protein Ikan Mujaer Oreochromis mossambicus dalam Pengolahan ” Cookies ” sebagai Makanan Tambahan Balita. Skripsi P.S. THP-PHP FPIK IPB. 97 hal. Winarno, F.G. 1988. Kimia Pangan dan Gizi. PT. Gramedia. Jakarta.253 halaman. Winarno, F.G. 1991. Keamanan Pangan. Fateta. Institut Pertanian Bogor.251 hal. Wong, Dominic W. S. 1989. Mechanism and Theory in Food Chemistry. Natural Toxicants. 8: page 283-285. Cornell Unversity. An AVI Book Published Van Norstrand Reinhold. New York. Yunizal, J Tri Murtini, Nanik D, Bambang P, Abdulrokhim, Carkipan 1998. Prosedur Analisa Kimiawi Ikan dan Produk Olahan Hasil-Hasil Perikanan. Instalasi PPL. Laut. BPPL Puslitbang Perikanan Jakarta. 100 halaman. Zaitsev et al., 1969. Fish Curing and Processing. Mir Publisher Moscow. 234 halaman. 89 Lampiran 1. Lembar Penilaian Organoleptik Ikan Segar LEMBAR PENILAIAN ORGANOLEPTIK IKAN KEMBUNG SEGAR DENGAN SKALA HEDONIK HariTanggal : Panelis : Petunjuk : Tulislah nilai pengujian organoleptik terhadap masing-masing parameter sesuai dengan tingkat spesifikasi sebagai berikut; Penilaian Nilai Tingkat Spesifikasi 1 2 3 4 5 Parameter Tidak Suka Sekali Tidak Suka Biasa Suka Sangat Suka Rupa Sangat buram Buram biasa Cemerlang Sangat Cemerlang Warna Sanagat Kusam Kusam Biasa Cerah Sangat Cerah Tekstur Sangat lunak lunak biasa Elastis Sangat Elastis Aroma Sangat Busuk Busuk Biasa harum Khas Ikan sangat harum khas ikan Rasa sangat Asinpahit sepet Asin pahitsepet biasa enak sangat enak No.Kode Rupa Warna Tekstur Aroma Rasa keterangan 90 Lampiran 2. Analisis Statistik Hasil Pengujian Kimia pada Penelitian Pengawetan Ikan Kembung dengan Campuran Picung dan Garam:

1. Tabel sidik ragam nilai kadar air Source

Type III Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig. Corrected Model 319.223a 23 13.879 1.070 .409 Intercept 395223.296 1 395223.296 30457.967 .000 Perlakuan 26.036 5 5.207 .401 .846 Penyimpanan 57.575 3 19.192 1.479 .232 Perlakuan Penyimpanan 235.612 15 15.707 1.211 .297 Error 622.849 48 12.976 Total 396165.368 72 Corrected Total 942.072 71 a R Squared = .339 Adjusted R Squared = .022 2. Tabel sidik ragam nilai kadar abu Source Type III Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig. Corrected Model 4.347a 23 .189 2.374 .006 Intercept 221.520 1 221.520 2782.460 .000 Perlakuan .114 5 .023 .286 .919 Penyimpanan 3.575 3 1.192 14.966 .000 Perlakuan Penyimpanan .659 15 .044 .552 .896 Error 3.821 48 .080 Total 229.688 72 Corrected Total 8.168 71 a R Squared = .532 Adjusted R Squared = .308 Tabel Uji Lanjut Duncan Nilai kadar Abu Penyimpanan N Subset 1 2 hari ke 0 18 1.5661 hari ke 3 18 1.6136 hari ke 9 18 1.7066 hari ke 6 18 2.1299 Sig. .165 1.000 Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed. Based on Type III Sum of Squares The error term is Mean SquareError = .080. 91 a Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 18.000. b Alpha = .05. 3. Tabel sidik ragam nilai pH Source Type III Sum of squares df Mean Square F Sig. Corrected Model 12.953a 23 .563 31.195 .000 Intercept 3465.698 1 3465.698 191975.859 .000 Perlakuan 3.119 5 .624 34.556 .000 Penyimpanan 7.283 3 2.428 134.477 .000 Perlakuan Penyimpanan 2.550 15 .170 9.418 .000 Error .867 48 .018 Total 3479.517 72 Corrected Total 13.819 71 a R Squared = .937 Adjusted R Squared = .907 Tabel uji lanjut Duncan nilai pH Perlakuan N Subset 1 2 3 4 g3p6 12 6.6392 g2p6 12 6.7558 g3p4 12 6.8750 g2p4 12 6.9742 g3p2 12 7.1500 g2p2 12 7.2333 Sig. 1.000 1.000 .077 .135 Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed. Based on Type III Sum of Squares The error term is Mean SquareError = .018. a Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 12.000. b Alpha = .05. Tabel uji lanjut Duncan nilai pH Penyimpanan N Subset 1 2 3 4 hari ke 3 18 6.6189 hari ke 0 18 6.7467 hari ke 6 18 6.9322 hari ke 9 18 7.4539 Sig. 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed. 92 Based on Type III Sum of Squares The error term is Mean SquareError = .018. a Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 18.000. b Alpha = .05. Tabel uji lanjut Duncan interaksi nilai pH Nilai Interaksi pH Duncan Perlakuan N Subset for alpha = .05 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 g2p6,6 3 6.5067 g2p6,3 3 6.5200 6.5200 g3p6,6 3 6.5300 6.5300 6.5300 g2p4,3 3 6.5667 6.5667 6.5667 6.5667 g3p6,3 3 6.6000 6.6000 6.6000 6.6000 g2p2,3 3 6.6400 6.6400 6.6400 6.6400 g3p4,3 3 6.6433 6.6433 6.6433 6.6433 g3p6,0 3 6.6867 6.6867 6.6867 6.6867 g3p4,0 3 6.7100 6.7100 6.7100 6.7100 6.7100 g2p6,0 3 6.7367 6.7367 6.7367 6.7367 6.7367 g3p6,9 3 6.7400 6.7400 6.7400 6.7400 6.7400 g3p2,3 3 6.7433 6.7433 6.7433 6.7433 6.7433 g3p2,0 3 6.7633 6.7633 6.7633 6.7633 6.7633 g2p2,0 3 6.7767 6.7767 6.7767 6.7767 g3p4,6 3 6.7933 6.7933 6.7933 g2p4,0 3 68067 6.8067 g2p4,6 3 6.9633 g2p6,9 3 7.2600 g3p4,9 3 7.3533 7.3533 g3p2,6 3 7.3800 7.3800 g2p2,6 3 7.4200 7.4200 g2p4,9 3 7.5600 7.5600 g3p2,9 3 7.7133 g2p2,9 3 8.0967 Sig. .056 .056 .050 .074 .054 .191 .091 .169 1.000 Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed. a Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 3.000. 93

5. Tabel sidik ragam nilai TVB Source

Type III Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig. Corrected Model 400790.380a 23 17425.669 39.702 .000 Intercept 567112.500 1 567112.500 1292.083 .000 Penyimpanan 38608.713 5 7721.743 17.593 .000 Perlakuan 326168.842 3 108722.947 247.709 .000 Penyimpanan Perlakuan 36012.824 15 2400.855 5.470 .000 Error 21067.840 48 438.913 Total 988970.720 72 Corrected Total 421858.220 71 a R Squared = .950 Adjusted R Squared = .926 Tabel uji lanjut Duncan nilai TVB Perlakuan N Subset 1 2 3 4 g3p6 12 56.3667 g2p6 12 68.1333 68.1333 g3p4 12 82.0000 82.0000 g2p4 12 92.2667 g3p2 12 109.6333 g2p2 12 124.1000 Sig. .175 .112 .236 .097 Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed. Based on Type III Sum of Squares The error term is Mean SquareError = 438.913. a Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 12.000. b Alpha = .05. Tabel uji lanjut Duncan nilai TVB Penyimpanan N Subset 1 2 3 4 hari ke 0 18 17.6222 hari ke 3 18 44.2444 hari ke 6 18 99.6889 hari ke 9 18 193.4444 Sig. 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed. Based on Type III Sum of Squares The error term is Mean SquareError = 438.913. a Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 18.000. b Alpha = .05. 94 Tabel uji lanjut Duncan interaksi nilai TVB Nilai Interaksi TVB Duncan Perlakuan N Subset for alpha = .05 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 g3p6,0 3 11.4667 g3p2,0 3 15.7333 g2p4,0 3 16.2667 16.2667 g2p6,0 3 18.8000 18.8000 18.8000 g2p2,0 3 20.8000 20.8000 20.8000 g3p4,0 3 22.6667 22.6667 22.6667 g2p6,3 3 36.5333 36.5333 36.5333 g3p6,3 3 41.6000 41.6000 41.6000 g3p4,3 3 41.7333 41.7333 41.7333 g3p2,3 3 44.8000 44.8000 44.8000 g2p2,3 3 49.3333 49.3333 49.3333 49.3333 g2p4,3 3 51.4667 51.4667 51.4667 51.4667 g3p6,6 3 56.9333 56.9333 56.9333 g2p6,6 3 57.3333 57.3333 g3p4,6 3 84.6667 84.6667 g2p4,6 3 98.1333 g3p6,9 3 115.6667 115.4667 g2p2,6 3 148.8000 148.800 g3p2,6 3 152.267 g2p6,9 3 159.867 g3p4,9 3 178.933 178.933 g2p4,9 3 203.200 203.200 g3p2,9 3 225.733 g2p2,9 3 277.467 Sig. .055 .050 .064 .070 .095 .057 .114 .162 .194 1.00 Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed. a Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 3.000.

6. Tabel sidik ragam nilai TMA Source

Type III Sum of squares df Mean Square F Sig. Corrected Model 1678.007a 23 72.957 1.787 .045 Intercept 37922.580 1 37922.580 928.918 .000 Perlakuan 270.047 5 54.009 1.323 .270 Penyimpanan 247.704 3 82.568 2.023 .123 Perlakuan Penyimpanan 1160.256 15 77.350 1.895 .048 Error 1959.573 48 40.824 Total 41560.160 72 Corrected Total 3637.580 71 a R Squared = .461 Adjusted R Squared = .203 95 Tabel uji lanjut Duncan interaksi nilai TMA Nilai Interaksi TMA Duncan Perlakuan N Subset for alpha = .05 1 2 3 4 5 g3p6,0 3 10.133333 g3p4,0 3 14.266667 14.266667 g2p6,6 3 16.800000 16.800000 16.800000 g2p4,0 3 18.533333 18.533333 18.533333 18.533333 g3p6,3 3 20.400000 20.400000 20.400000 20400000 g3p2,3 3 21.333333 21.333333 21.333333 21.333333 21333333 g2p2,3 3 21.733333 21.733333 21.733333 21.733333 21.733333 g2p4,6 3 21.733333 21.733333 21.733333 21.733333 21.733333 g2p4,9 3 21.733333 21.733333 21.733333 21.733333 21.733333 g3p4,6 3 22.400000 22.400000 22.400000 22.400000 22.400000 g3p6,9 3 22.400000 22.400000 22.400000 22.400000 22.400000 g2p6,9 3 22.400000 22.400000 22.400000 22.400000 22.400000 g2p2,0 3 23.200000 23.200000 23.200000 23.200000 g3p4,3 3 23.200000 23.200000 23.200000 23.200000 g2p6,3 3 24.000000 24.000000 24.000000 24.000000 g2p2,6 3 24.133333 24.133333 24.133333 24.133333 g3p6,6 3 24.666667 24.666667 24.666667 24.666667 g2p6,0 3 25.733333 25.733333 25.733333 25.733333 g3p2,9 3 25.866667 25.866667 25.866667 25.866667 g2p2,9 3 26.666667 26.666667 26.666667 26.666667 g3p2,6 3 26.800000 26.800000 26.800000 26.800000 g3p2,0 3 29.333333 29.333333 29.333333 g2p4,3 3 30.133333 30.133333 g3p4,9 3 33.200000 Sig. .054 .055 .055 .075 .068 Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed. a Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 3.000.

7. Tabel sidik ragam kadar tanin Source

Type III Sum of squares df Mean Square F Sig. Corrected Model 1.06E-005a 11 9.63E-007 25.878 .000 Intercept 7.63E-005 1 7.63E-005 2049.075 .000 Perlakuan 8.39E-007 5 1.68E-007 4.507 .005 Penyimpanan 9.40E-006 1 9.40E-006 252.657 .000 Perlakuan Penyimpanan 3.52E-007 5 7.04E-008 1.893 .133 Error 8.93E-007 24 3.72E-008 Total 8.78E-005 36 Corrected Total 1.15E-005 35 a R Squared = .922 Adjusted R Squared = .887 96 Tabel uji lanjut Duncan kadar tanin Perlakuan N Subset 1 2 3 g3p2 6 .0013 g3p4 6 .0014 .0014 g2p6 6 .0014 .0014 g3p6 6 .0014 .0014 g2p4 6 .0016 .0016 g2p2 6 .0017 Sig. .230 .112 .148 Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed. Based on Type III Sum of Squares The error term is Mean SquareError = 3.72E-008. a Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 6.000. b Alpha = .05. 8. Tabel sidik ragam kadar sianogen Source Type III Sum of squares df Mean Square F Sig. Corrected Model 1524.186a 11 138.562 18.993 .000 Intercept 1032.230 1 1032.230 141.486 .000 Perlakuan 499.272 5 99.854 13.687 .000 Penyimpanan 690.901 1 690.901 94.701 .000 Perlakuan Penyimpanan 334.013 5 66.803 9.157 .000 Error 175.095 24 7.296 Total 2731.511 36 Corrected Total 1699.281 35 a R Squared = .897 Adjusted R Squared = .850 Tabel uji lanjut Duncan kadar sianogen Perlakuan N Subset 1 2 3 g2p2 6 1.3550 g3p2 6 1.5133 g2p4 6 3.0050 3.0050 g3p4 6 6.0333 g2p6 6 9.3250 g3p6 6 10.8967 Sig. .328 .064 .324 Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed. Based on Type III Sum of Squares The error term is Mean SquareError = 7.296. 97 a Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 6.000. b Alpha = .05. Tabel uji lanjut Duncan interaksi kadar sianogen Nilai Interaksi Sianogen Duncan Perlakuan N Subset for alpha = .05 1 2 3 g2p2,9 3 .246667 g3p2,9 3 .273333 g2p4,9 3 .546667 g3p4,9 3 1.096667 g2p6,9 3 1.696667 g3p6,9 3 1.983333 g2p2,0 3 2.463333 g3p2,0 3 2.753333 g2p4,0 3 5.463333 g3p4,0 3 10.970000 g2p6,0 3 16.953333 g3p6,0 3 19.810000 Sig. .052 1.000 .208 Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed. a Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 3.000. 98 Lampiran 3. Analisis Statistik Hasil Pengujian Mikrobiologi pada Penelitian P engawetan Ikan K embung dengan C ampuran Picung dan G aram: 1. Tabel sidik ragam Log Total Plate Count Source Type III Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig. Corrected Model 342.119a 23 14.875 28.092 .000 Intercept 5326.696 1 5326.696 10059.87 3 .000 Perlakuan 1.949 5 .390 .736 .600 Penyimpanan 328.741 3 109.580 206.951 .000 Perlakuan Penyimpanan 11.430 15 .762 1.439 .168 Error 25.416 48 .529 Total 5694.231 72 Corrected Total 367.535 71 a R Squared = .931 Adjusted R Squared = .898 Tabel uji lanjut Duncan log TPC Penyimpanan N Subset 1 2 3 4 Hari ke 0 18 6.0455 Hari ke 3 18 7.0972 Hari ke 6 18 9.8478 Hari ke 9 18 11.4147 Sig. 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed. Based on Type III Sum of Squares The error term is Mean SquareError = .529. a Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 18.000. b Alpha = .05.

2. Tabel sidik ragam Log enterobacter

Source Type III Sum of squares df Mean Square F Sig. Corrected Model 262.206a 23 11.400 11.721 .000 Intercept 3093.990 1 3093.990 3180.986 .000 Perlakuan 3.383 5 .677 .696 .629 Penyimpanan 232.404 3 77.468 79.646 .000 Perlakuan Penyimpanan 26.419 15 1.761 1.811 .061 Error 46.687 48 .973 Total 3402.883 72 Corrected Total 308.893 71 a R Squared = .849 Adjusted R Squared = .776 99 Tabel uji lanjut Duncan Log enterobacter Penyimpanan N Subset 1 2 3 4 hari ke 0 18 4.0249 hari ke 3 18 5.7566 hari ke 6 18 7.8142 hari ke 9 18 8.6255 Sig. 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed. Based on Type III Sum of Squares The error term is Mean SquareError = .973. a Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 18.000. b Alpha = .05.

3. Tabel sidik ragam Log H2S Producer

Source Type III Sum of squares df Mean Square F Sig. Corrected Model 945.329a 23 41.101 110.499 .000 Intercept 5083.136 1 5083.136 13665.761 .000 Perlakuan 2.095 5 .419 1.126 .359 Penyimpanan 938.792 3 312.931 841.299 .000 Perlakuan Penyimpanan 4.442 15 .296 .796 .676 Error 17.854 48 .372 Total 6046.320 72 Corrected Total 963.183 71 a R Squared = .981 Adjusted R Squared = .973 Tabel uji lanjut Duncan Log H2S Producer Penyimpanan N Subset 1 2 3 4 hari ke 0 18 4.0000 hari ke 3 18 6.7014 hari ke 6 18 9.0816 hari ke 9 18 13.8263 Sig. 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed. Based on Type III Sum of Squares The error term is Mean SquareError = .372. a Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 18.000. 100 Lampiran 4. Analisis Statistik Hasil Pengujian Organoleptik pada Penelitian Pengawetan Ikan Kembung dengan Campuran Picung dan Garam

1. Uji Kruskal-Wallis Rupa hari ke 0 setelah 8 jam perlakuan RUPA 1

Chi-Square 9.088 Df 5 Asymp. Sig. .106 Tabel Sidik Ragam Parameter Rupa Hari ke 0 Setelah Jam Perlakuan Sum of Squares Df Mean Square F Sig. Between Groups 4.483 5 .897 1.427 .215 Within Groups 143.244 228 .628 Total 147.726 233 Tabel Uji Lanjut Multiple Comparisons Rupa Hari ke 0 setelah 8 jam Perlakuan Dependent Variable: RUPA1 Mean Difference I-J Std. Error Sig. 95 Confidence Interval I PERLAKUAN J PERLAKUAN Lower Bound Upper Bound g2p2 g2p4 -.1026 .17950 .568 -.4562 .2511 g2p6 -.0641 .17950 .721 -.4178 .2896 g3p2 -.0128 .17950 .943 -.3665 .3409 g3p4 -.2179 .17950 .226 -.5716 .1357 g3p6 -.3974 .17950 .028 -.7511 -.0438 g2p4 g2p2 .1026 .17950 .568 -.2511 .4562 g2p6 .0385 .17950 .831 -.3152 .3921 g3p2 .0897 .17950 .618 -.2639 .4434 g3p4 -.1154 .17950 .521 -.4691 .2383 g3p6 -.2949 .17950 .102 -.6486 .0588 g2p6 g2p2 .0641 .17950 .721 -.2896 .4178 g2p4 -.0385 .17950 .831 -.3921 .3152 g3p2 .0513 .17950 .775 -.3024 .4050 g3p4 -.1538 .17950 .392 -.5075 .1998 g3p6 -.3333 .17950 .065 -.6870 .0203 g3p2 g2p2 .0128 .17950 .943 -.3409 .3665 g2p4 -.0897 .17950 .618 -.4434 .2639 g2p6 -.0513 .17950 .775 -.4050 .3024 g3p4 -.2051 .17950 .254 -.5588 .1486 g3p6 -.3846 .17950 .033 -.7383 -.0309 g3p4 g2p2 .2179 .17950 .226 -.1357 .5716 g2p4 .1154 .17950 .521 -.2383 .4691 101 g2p6 .1538 .17950 .392 -.1998 .5075 g3p2 .2051 .17950 .254 -.1486 .5588 g3p6 -.1795 .17950 .318 -.5332 .1742 g3p6 g2p2 .3974 .17950 .028 .0438 .7511 g2p4 .2949 .17950 .102 -.0588 .6486 g2p6 .3333 .17950 .065 -.0203 .6870 g3p2 .3846 .17950 .033 .0309 .7383 g3p4 .1795 .17950 .318 -.1742 .5332 The mean difference is significant at the .05 level.

2. Uji Kruskal-Wallis Rupa hari ke 3 RUPA 2

Chi-Square 15.533 Df 5 Asymp. Sig. .008 Tabel Sidik Ragam Parameter Rupa Hari ke 3 Sum of Squares Df Mean Square F Sig. Between Groups 8.705 5 1.741 3.343 .006 Within Groups 118.756 228 .521 Total 127.462 233 Tabel Uji Lanjut Multiple Comparisons Rupa Hari ke 3 Dependent Variable: RUPA 2 Mean Difference I-J Std. Error Sig. 95 Confidence Interval I PERLAKUAN J PERLAKUAN Lower Bound Upper Bound g2p2 g2p4 -.1667 .16343 .309 -.4887 .1554 g2p6 -.3077 .16343 061 -.6297 .0143 g3p2 -.4103 .16343 .013 -.7323 -.0882 g3p4 -.4231 .16343 .010 -7451 -.1010 g3p6 .0769 .16343 .638 -.2451 .3990 g2p4 g2p2 .1667 .16343 .309 -.1554 .4887 g2p6 -.1410 .16343 .389 -.4631 .1810 g3p2 -.2436 .16343 .137 -.5656 .0784 g3p4 -.2564 .16343 .118 -.5784 .0656 g3p6 .2436 .16343 .137 -.0784 .5656 g2p6 g2p2 .3077 .16343 .061 -.0143 .6297 g2p4 .1410 .16343 .389 -.1810 .4631 g3p2 -.1026 .16343 .531 -.4246 .2195 g3p4 -.1154 .16343 .481 -.4374 .2067 102 g3p6 .3846 .16343 .019 .0626 .7067 g3p2 g2p2 .4103 .16343 .013 .0882 .7323 g2p4 .2436 .16343 .137 -.0784 .5656 g2p6 .1026 .16343 .531 -.2195 .4246 g3p4 -.0128 .16343 .938 -.3349 .3092 g3p6 .4872 .16343 .003 .1651 .8092 g3p4 g2p2 .4231 .16343 .010 .1010 .7451 g2p4 .2564 .16343 .118 -.0656 .5784 g2p6 .1154 .16343 .481 -.2067 .4374 g3p2 .0128 .16343 .938 -.3092 .3349 g3p6 .5000 .16343 .002 .1780 .8220 g3p6 g2p2 -.0769 .16343 .638 -.3990 .2451 g2p4 -.2436 .16343 .137 -.5656 .0784 g2p6 -.3846 .16343 .019 -.7067 -.0626 g3p2 -.4872 .16343 .003 -.8092 -.1651 g3p4 -.5000 .16343 .002 -.8220 -.1780 The mean difference is significant at the .05 level.

3. Uji Kruskal-Wallis Rupa hari ke 6 RUPA 3

Chi-Square 17.447 df 5 Asymp. Sig. .004 Tabel Sidik Ragam Parameter Rupa Hari ke 6 Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig. Between Groups 7.960 5 1.592 3.142 .009 Within Groups 115.509 228 .507 Total 123.469 233 Tabel Uji Lanjut Multiple Comparisons Rupa Hari ke 6 Dependent Variable: RUPA 3 Mean Difference I-J Std. Error Sig. 95 Confidence Interval I PERLAKUAN J PERLAKUAN Lower Bound Upper Bound g2p2 g2p4 .4103 .16118 .012 .0927 .7279 g2p6 .1744 .16118 .281 -.1432 .4920 g3p2 -.1128 .16118 .485 -.4304 .2048 g3p4 -.0897 .16118 .578 -.4073 .2279 g3p6 .2051 .16118 .204 -.1125 .5227 g2p4 g2p2 -.4103 .16118 .012 -.7279 -0927 g2p6 -.2359 16118 .145 -5535 .0817 103 g3p2 -.5231 .16118 .001 -.8407 -.2055 g3p4 -.5000 .16118 .002 -.8176 -.1824 g3p6 -.2051 .16118 .204 -.5227 .1125 g2p6 g2p2 -.1744 .16118 .281 -.4920 .1432 g2p4 .2359 .16118 .145 -.0817 .5535 g3p2 -.2872 .16118 .076 -.6048 .0304 g3p4 -.2641 .16118 .103 -.5817 .0535 g3p6 .0308 .16118 .849 -.2868 .3484 g3p2 g2p2 .1128 .16118 .485 -.2048 .4304 g2p4 .5231 .16118 .001 .2055 .8407 g2p6 .2872 .16118 .076 -.0304 .6048 g3p4 .0231 .16118 .886 -.2945 .3407 g3p6 .3179 .16118 .050 .0003 .6355 g3p4 g2p2 0897 .16118 .578 -.2279 .4073 g2p4 .5000 .16118 .002 .1824 .8176 g2p6 .2641 .16118 .103 -.0535 .5817 g3p2 -.0231 .16118 .886 -.3407 .2945 g3p6 .2949 .16118 .069 -.0227 .6125 g3p6 g2p2 -.2051 .16118 .204 -.5227 .1125 g2p4 .2051 .16118 .204 -.1125 .5227 g2p6 -.0308 .16118 .849 -.3484 .2868 g3p2 -.3179 .16118 .050 -.6355 -.0003 g3p4 -.2949 .16118 .069 -.6125 .0227 The mean difference is significant at the .05 level

4. Uji Kruskal-Wallis Rupa hari ke 9 RUPA 4

Chi-Square 7.166 df 5 Asymp. Sig. .209 Tabel Sidik Ragam Parameter Rupa Hari ke 9 Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig. Between Groups 5.265 5 1.053 1.291 .269 Within Groups 186.000 228 .816 Total 191.265 233 5. Uji Kruskal-Wallis Warna Hari ke 0 setelah 8 Jam Perlakuan WARNA 1 Chi-Square 18.190 df 5 Asymp. Sig. .003 104 Tabel Sidik Ragam Parameter Warna Hari ke 0 Setelah Jam Perlakuan Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig. Between Groups 6.474 5 1.295 3.572 .004 Within Groups 82.641 228 .362 Total 89.115 233 Tabel Uji Lanjut Multiple Comparisons Warna Hari ke ke 0 Setelah Jam Perlakuan Dependent Variable: Warna 1 Mean Difference I-J Std. Error Sig. 95 Confidence Interval I PERLAKUAN J PERLAKUAN Lower Bound Upper Bound g2p2 g2p4 -.16667 .13634 .223 -.4353 .1020 g2p6 -.12821 .13634 .348 -.3968 .1404 g3p2 -.16667 .13634 .223 -.4353 .1020 g3p4 -.32051 .13634 .020 -.5892 -.0519 g3p6 -.52564 .13634 .000 -.7943 -.2570 g2p4 g2p2 .16667 .13634 .223 -.1020 .4353 g2p6 .03846 .13634 .778 -.2302 .3071 g3p2 .00000 .136341.000 -.2686 .2686 g3p4 -.15385 .13634 .260 -.4225 .1148 g3p6 -.35897 .13634 .009 -.6276 -.0903 g2p6 g2p2 .12821 .13634 .348 -.1404 .3968 g2p4 -.03846 .13634 .778 -.3071 .2302 g3p2 -.03846 .13634 .778 -.3071 .2302 g3p4 -.19231 .13634 .160 -.4609 .0763 g3p6 -.39744 .13634 .004 -.6661 -.1288 g3p2 g2p2 .16667 .13634 .223 -.1020 .4353 g2p4 .00000 .136341.000 -.2686 .2686 g2p6 .03846 .13634 .778 -.2302 .3071 g3p4 -.15385 .13634 .260 -.4225 .1148 g3p6 -.35897 .13634 .009 -.6276 -.0903 g3p4 g2p2 .32051 13634 .020 .0519 .5892 g2p4 .15385 .13634 .260 -.1148 .4225 g2p6 .19231 .13634 .160 -.0763 .4609 g3p2 .15385 .13634 .260 -.1148 .4225 g3p6 -.20513 .13634 .134 -.4738 .0635 g3p6 g2p2 .52564 .13634 .000 .2570 .7943 g2p4 .35897 .13634 .009 .0903 .6276 g2p6 .39744 .13634 .004 .1288 .6661 g3p2 .35897 .13634 .009 .0903 .6276 g3p4 .20513 .13634 .134 -.0635 .4738 The mean difference is significant at the .05 level. 105

6. Uji Kruskal-Wallis Warna hari ke 3 WARNA 2

Chi-Square 11.336 df 5 Asymp. Sig. .045 Tabel Sidik Ragam Parameter Warna Hari ke 3 Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig. Between Groups 5.864 5 1.173 2.499 .032 Within Groups 107.000 228 .469 Total 112.864 233 Tabel Uji Lanjut Multiple Comparisons Warna Hari ke 3 Dependent Variable: Warna 2 Mean Difference I-J Std. Error Sig. 95 Confidence Interval I PERLAKUAN J PERLAKUAN Lower Bound Upper Bound g2p2 g2p4 -.08974 .15513 .564 -.3954 .2159 g2p6 -.32051 .15513 .040 -.6262 -.0148 g3p2 -.28205 .15513 .070 -.5877 .0236 g3p4 -.26923 .15513 .084 -.5749 .0364 g3p6 .10256 .15513 .509 -.2031 .4082 g2p4 g2p2 .08974 .15513 .564 -.2159 .3954 g2p6 -.23077 .15513 .138 -.5364 .0749 g3p2 -.19231 .15513 .216 -.4980 .1134 g3p4 -.17949 .15513 .248 -.4852 .1262 g3p6 .19231 .15513 .216 -.1134 .4980 g2p6 g2p2 .32051 .15513 .040 .0148 .6262 g2p4 .23077 .15513 .138 -.0749 .5364 g3p2 .03846 .15513 .804 -.2672 .3441 g3p4 .05128 .15513 .741 -.2544 .3570 g3p6 .42308 .15513 .007 .1174 .7288 g3p2 g2p2 .28205 .15513 .070 -.0236 .5877 g2p4 .19231 .15513 .216 -.1134 .4980 g2p6 -.03846 .15513 .804 -.3441 .2672 g3p4 .01282 .15513 .934 -.2929 .3185 g3p6 .38462 .15513 .014 .0789 .6903 g3p4 g2p2 .26923 .15513 .084 -.0364 .5749 g2p4 .17949 .15513 .248 -.1262 .4852 g2p6 -.05128 .15513 .741 -.3570 .2544 g3p2 -.01282 .15513 .934 -.3185 .2929 g3p6 .37179 .15513 .017 .0661 .6775 106 g3p6 g2p2 -.10256 .15513 .509 -.4082 .2031 g2p4 -.19231 .15513 .216 -.4980 .1134 g2p6 -.42308 .15513 .007 -.7288 -.1174 g3p2 -.38462 .15513 .014 -.6903 -.0789 g3p4 -.37179 .15513 .017 -.6775 -.0661 The mean difference is significant at the .05 level.

7. Uji Kruskal-Wallis Warna hari ke 6 WARNA 3

Chi-Square 27.862 df 5 Asymp. Sig. .000 Tabel Sidik Ragam Parameter Warna Hari ke 6 Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig. Between Groups 13.121 5 2.624 6.369 .000 Within Groups 93.936 228 .412 Total 107.057 233 Tabel Uji Lanjut Multiple Comparisons Warna Hari ke 6 Dependent Variable: Warna 3 Mean Difference I-J Std. Error Sig. 95 Confidence Interval I PERLAKUAN J PERLAKUAN Lower Bound Upper Bound g2p2 g2p4 .19231 .14536 .187 -.0941 .4787 g2p6 -.07692 .14536 .597 -.3633 .2095 g3p2 -.52564 .14536 .000 -.8121 -.2392 g3p4 -35897 .14536 .014 -.6454 -.0726 g3p6 -.06410 .14536 .660 -.3505 .2223 g2p4 g2p2 -.19231 .14536 .187 -.4787 .0941 g2p6 -.26923 .14536 .065 -.5556 .0172 g3p2 -.71795 .14536 .000 -1.0044 -.4315 g3p4 -.55128 .14536 .000 -.8377 -.2649 g3p6 -.25641 .14536 .079 -.5428 .0300 g2p6 g2p2 .07692 .14536 .597 -.2095 .3633 g2p4 .26923 .14536 .065 -.0172 .5556 g3p2 -.44872 .14536 .002 -.7351 -.1623 g3p4 -.28205 .14536 .054 -.5685 .0044 g3p6 .01282 .14536 .930 -.2736 .2992 g3p2 g2p2 .52564 .14536 .000 .2392 .8121 g2p4 .71795 .14536 .000 .4315 1.0044 g2p6 .44872 .14536 .002 .1623 .7351 107 g3p4 .16667 .14536 .253 -.1197 .4531 g3p6 .46154 .14536 .002 .1751 .7480 g3p4 g2p2 .35897 .14536 .014 .0726 .6454 g2p4 .55128 .14536 .000 .2649 .8377 g2p6 .28205 .14536 .054 -.0044 .5685 g3p2 -.16667 .14536 .253 -.4531 .1197 g3p6 .29487 .14536 .044 .0085 .5813 g3p6 g2p2 .06410 .14536 .660 -.2223 .3505 g2p4 .25641 .14536 .079 -.0300 .5428 g2p6 -.01282 .14536 .930 -.2992 .2736 g3p2 -.46154 .14536 .002 -.7480 -.1751 g3p4 -.29487 .14536 .044 -.5813 -.0085 The mean difference is significant at the .05 level.

8. Uji Kruskal-Wallis Warna hari ke 9

Tabel Sidik Ragam Parameter Warna Hari ke 9 Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig. Between Groups 3.214 5 .643 1.023 .405 Within Groups 143.282 228 .628 Total 146.496 233

9. Uji Kruskal-Wallis Tekstur hari ke 0 Setelah 8 Jam Perlakuan

Tabel Sidik Ragam Parameter Tekstur Hari ke 0 Setelah 8 Jam Perlakuan Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig. Between Groups 2.980 5 .596 .885 .492 Within Groups 153.474 228 .673 Total 156.454 233 WARNA 4 Chi-Square 6.130 df 5 Asymp. Sig. .294 Tekstur 1 Chi-Square 4.555 Df 5 Asymp. Sig. .473 108

10. Uji Kruskal-Wallis Tekstur hari ke 3

Tabel Sidik Ragam Parameter Tekstur Hari ke 3 Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig. Between Groups 16.210 5 3.242 5.192 .000 Within Groups 142.372 228 .624 Total 158.582 233 Tabel Uji Lanjut Multiple Comparisons Tekstur Hari ke 3 Dependent Variable: Tekstur 2 Mean Difference I-J Std. Error Sig. 95 Confidence Interval I PERLAKUAN J PERLAKUAN Lower Bound Upper Bound g2p2 g2p4 -.23077 .17895 .199 -.5834 .1218 g2p6 -.33333 .17895 .064 -.6859 .0193 g3p2 -.41026 .17895 .023 -.7629 -.0577 g3p4 -.78205 .17895 .000 -1.1347 -.4294 g3p6 -.02564 .17895 .886 -.3782 .3270 g2p4 g2p2 .23077 .17895 .199 -.1218 .5834 g2p6 -.10256 .17895 .567 -.4552 .2500 g3p2 -.17949 .17895 .317 -.5321 .1731 g3p4 -.55128 .17895 .002 -.9039 -.1987 g3p6 .20513 .17895 .253 -.1475 .5577 g2p6 g2p2 .33333 .17895 .064 -.0193 .6859 g2p4 .10256 .17895 .567 -.2500 .4552 g3p2 -.07692 .17895 .668 -.4295 .2757 g3p4 -.44872 .17895 .013 -.8013 -.0961 g3p6 .30769 .17895 .087 -.0449 .6603 g3p2 g2p2 .41026 .17895 .023 .0577 .7629 g2p4 .17949 .17895 .317 -.1731 .5321 g2p6 .07692 .17895 .668 -.2757 .4295 g3p4 -.37179 .17895 .039 -.7244 -.0192 g3p6 .38462 .17895 .033 .0320 .7372 g3p4 g2p2 .78205 .17895 .000 .4294 1.1347 g2p4 .55128 .17895 .002 .1987 .9039 g2p6 .44872 .17895 .013 .0961 .8013 g3p2 .37179 .17895 .039 .0192 .7244 g3p6 .75641 .17895 .000 .4038 1.1090 Tekstur 2 Chi-Square 26.386 Df 5 Asymp. Sig. .000 109 g3p6 g2p2 .02564 .17895 .886 -.3270 .3782 g2p4 -.20513 .17895 .253 -.5577 .1475 g2p6 -.30769 .17895 .087 -.6603 .0449 g3p2 -.38462 .17895 .033 -.7372 -.0320 g3p4 -.75641 .17895 .000 -1.1090 -.4038 The mean difference is significant at the .05 level.

11. Uji Kruskal-Wallis Tekstur hari ke 6

Tabel Sidik Ragam Parameter Tekstur hari ke 6 Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig. Between Groups 6.310 5 1.262 2.577 .027 Within Groups 111.640 228 .490 Total 117.950 233 Tabel Uji Lanjut Multiple Comparisons Tekstur Hari ke 6 Dependent Variable: Tekstur 3 Mean Difference I-J Std. Error Sig. 95 Confidence Interval I PERLAKUAN J PERLAKUAN Lower Bound Upper Bound g2p2 g2p4 .42308 .15846 .008 .1108 .7353 g2p6 .07949 .15846 .616 -.2328 .3917 g3p2 .44872 .15846 .005 .1365 .7610 g3p4 .21795 .15846 .170 -.0943 .5302 g3p6 .26923 .15846 .091 -.0430 .5815 g2p4 g2p2 -.42308 .15846 .008 -.7353 -.1108 g2p6 -.34359 .15846 .031 -.6558 -.0314 g3p2 .02564 .15846 .872 -.2866 .3379 g3p4 -.20513 .15846 .197 -.5174 .1071 g3p6 -.15385 .15846 .333 -.4661 .1584 g2p6 g2p2 -.07949 .15846 .616 -.3917 .2328 g2p4 .34359 .15846 .031 .0314 .6558 g3p2 .36923 .15846 .021 .0570 .6815 g3p4 .13846 .15846 .383 -.1738 .4507 g3p6 .18974 .15846 .232 -.1225 .5020 g3p2 g2p2 -.44872 .15846 .005 -.7610 -.1365 g2p4 -.02564 .15846 .872 -.3379 .2866 g2p6 -.36923 .15846 .021 -.6815 -.0570 Tekstur 3 Chi-Square 15.092 Df 5 Asymp. Sig. .010 110 g3p4 -.23077 .15846 .147 -.5430 .0815 g3p6 -.17949 .15846 .259 -.4917 .1328 g3p4 g2p2 -.21795 .15846 .170 -.5302 .0943 g2p4 .20513 .15846 .197 -.1071 .5174 g2p6 -.13846 .15846 .383 -.4507 .1738 g3p2 .23077 .15846 .147 -.0815 .5430 g3p6 .05128 .15846 .747 -.2610 .3635 g3p6 g2p2 -.26923 .15846 .091 -.5815 .0430 g2p4 .15385 .15846 .333 -.1584 .4661 g2p6 -.18974 .15846 .232 -.5020 .1225 g3p2 .17949 .15846 .259 -.1328 .4917 g3p4 -.05128 .15846 .747 -.3635 .2610 The mean difference is significant at the .05 level.

12. Uji Kruskal-Wallis Tekstur hari ke 9

Tabel Sidik Ragam Parameter Tekstur hari ke 9 Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig. Between Groups 45.919 5 9.184 13.489 .000 Within Groups 155.231 228 .681 Total 201.150 233 Tabel Uji Lanjut Multiple Comparisons Tekstur Hari ke 9 Dependent Variable: Tekstur 4 Mean Difference I-J Std. Error Sig. 95 Confidence Interval I PERLAKUAN J PERLAKUAN Lower Bound Upper Bound g2p2 g2p4 -.38462 .18685 .041 -.7528 -.0164 g2p6 -1.10256 .18685 .000 -1.4707 -.7344 g3p2 -.43590 .18685 .021 -.8041 -.0677 g3p4 -.97436 .18685 .000 -1.3425 -.6062 g3p6 -1.23077 .18685 .000 -1.5990 -.8626 g2p4 g2p2 .38462 .18685 .041 .0164 .7528 g2p6 -.71795 .18685 .000 -1.0861 -.3498 g3p2 -.05128 .18685 .784 -.4195 .3169 g3p4 -.58974 .18685 .002 -.9579 -.2216 g3p6 -.84615 .18685 .000 -1.2143 -.4780 g2p6 g2p2 1.10256 .18685 .000 .7344 1.4707 Tekstur 4 Chi-Square 58.834 Df 5 Asymp. Sig. .000 111 g2p4 .71795 .18685 .000 .3498 1.0861 g3p2 .66667 .18685 .000 .2985 1.0348 g3p4 .12821 .18685 .493 -.2400 .4964 g3p6 -.12821 .18685 .493 -.4964 .2400 g3p2 g2p2 .43590 .18685 .021 .0677 .8041 g2p4 .05128 .18685 .784 -.3169 .4195 g2p6 -.66667 .18685 .000 -1.0348 -.2985 g3p4 -.53846 .18685 .004 -.9066 -.1703 g3p6 -.79487 .18685 .000 -1.1631 -.4267 g3p4 g2p2 .97436 .18685 .000 .6062 1.3425 g2p4 .58974 .18685 .002 .2216 .9579 g2p6 -.12821 .18685 .493 -.4964 .2400 g3p2 .53846 .18685 .004 .1703 .9066 g3p6 -.25641 .18685 .171 -.6246 .1118 g3p6 g2p2 1.23077 .18685 .000 .8626 1.5990 g2p4 .84615 .18685 .000 .4780 1.2143 g2p6 .12821 .18685 .493 -.2400 .4964 g3p2 .79487 .18685 .000 .4267 1.1631 g3p4 .5641 .18685 .171 -.1118 .6246 The mean difference is significant at the .05 level.

13. Uji Kruskal-Wallis Aroma hari ke 0 setelah 8 Jam Perlakuan Aroma 1

Chi-Square 2.564 df 5 Asymp. Sig. .767 Tabel Sidik Ragam Parameter Aroma Hari ke 0 Setelah 8 Jam Perlakuan Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig. Between Groups .766 5 .153 .560 .731 Within Groups 62.397 228 .274 Total 63.163 233

14. Uji Kruskal-Wallis Aroma hari ke 3 Aroma 2

Chi-Square 22.962 df 5 Asymp. Sig. .000 112 Tabel Sidik Ragam Parameter Aroma hari ke 3 Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig. Between Groups 12.778 5 2.556 5.274 .000 Within Groups 110.487 228 .485 Total 123.265 233 Tabel Uji Lanjut Multiple Comparisons Aroma Hari ke 3 Dependent Variable: Aroma 2 Mean Difference I-J Std. Error Sig. 95 Confidence Interval I PERLAKUAN J PERLAKUAN Lower Bound Upper Bound g2p2 g2p4 -.32051 .15764 .043 -.6311 -.0099 g2p6 -.43590 .15764 .006 -.7465 -.1253 g3p2 -.12821 .15764 .417 -.4388 .1824 g3p4 -.73077 .15764 .000 -1.0414 -.4201 g3p6 -.41026 .15764 .010 -.7209 -.0996 g2p4 g2p2 .32051 .15764 .043 .0099 .6311 g2p6 -.11538 .15764 .465 -.4260 .1952 g3p2 .19231 .15764 .224 -.1183 .5029 g3p4 -.41026 .15764 .010 -.7209 -.0996 g3p6 -.08974 .15764 .570 -.4004 .2209 g2p6 g2p2 .43590 .15764 .006 .1253 .7465 g2p4 .11538 .15764 .465 -.1952 .4260 g3p2 .30769 .15764 .052 -.0029 .6183 g3p4 -.29487 .15764 .063 -.6055 .0157 g3p6 .02564 .15764 .871 -.2850 .3363 g3p2 g2p2 .12821 .15764 .417 -.1824 .4388 g2p4 -.19231 .15764 .224 -.5029 .1183 g2p6 -.30769 .15764 .052 -.6183 .0029 g3p4 -.60256 .15764 .000 -.9132 -.2919 g3p6 -.28205 .15764 .075 -.5927 .0286 g3p4 g2p2 .73077 .15764 .000 .4201 1.0414 g2p4 .41026 .15764 .010 .0996 .7209 g2p6 .29487 .15764 .063 -.0157 .6055 g3p2 .60256 .15764 .000 .2919 .9132 g3p6 .32051 .15764 .043 .0099 .6311 g3p6 g2p2 .41026 .15764 .010 .0996 .7209 g2p4 .08974 .15764 .570 -.2209 .4004 g2p6 -.02564 .15764 .871 -.3363 .2850 g3p2 .28205 .15764 .075 -.0286 .5927 g3p4 -.32051 .15764 .043 -.6311 -.0099 The mean difference is significant at the .05 level. 113

15. Uji Kruskal-Wallis Aroma hari ke 6 Aroma 3

Chi-Square 37.317 df 5 Asymp. Sig. .000 Tabel Sidik Ragam Parameter Aroma hari ke 6 Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig. Between Groups 18.018 5 3.604 7.319 .000 Within Groups 112.263 228 .492 Total 130.281 233 Tabel Uji Lanjut Multiple Comparisons Aroma Hari ke 6 Dependent Variable: Aroma 3 Mean Difference I-J Std. Error Sig. 95 Confidence Interval I PERLAKUAN J PERLAKUAN Lower Bound Upper Bound g2p2 g2p4 -.53590 .15890 .001 -.8490 -.2228 g2p6 -.74359 .15890 .000 -1.0567 -.4305 g3p2 -.03846 .15890 .809 -.3516 .2746 g3p4 -.46154 .15890 .004 -.7746 -.1484 g3p6 -.57692 .15890 .000 -.8900 -.2638 g2p4 g2p2 .53590 .15890 .001 .2228 .8490 g2p6 -.20769 .15890 .193 -.5208 .1054 g3p2 .49744 .15890 .002 .1843 .8105 g3p4 .07436 .15890 .640 -.2387 .3875 g3p6 -.04103 .15890 .797 -.3541 .2721 g2p6 g2p2 .74359 .15890 .000 .4305 1.0567 g2p4 .20769 .15890 .193 -.1054 .5208 g3p2 .70513 .15890 .000 .3920 1.0182 g3p4 .28205 .15890 .077 -.0311 .5952 g3p6 .16667 .15890 .295 -.1464 .4798 g3p2 g2p2 .03846 .15890 .809 -.2746 .3516 g2p4 -.49744 .15890 .002 -.8105 -.1843 g2p6 -.70513 .15890 .000 -1.0182 -.3920 g3p4 -.42308 .15890 .008 -.7362 -.1100 g3p6 -.53846 .15890 .001 -.8516 -.2254 g3p4 g2p2 .46154 .15890 .004 .1484 .7746 g2p4 -.07436 .15890 .640 -.3875 .2387 g2p6 -.28205 .15890 .077 -.5952 .0311 g3p2 .42308 .15890 .008 .1100 .7362 114 g3p6 -.11538 15890 .469 -4285 .1977 g3p6 g2p2 .57692 .15890 .000 .2638 .8900 g2p4 .04103 .15890 .797 -.2721 .3541 g2p6 -.16667 .15890 .295 -.4798 .1464 g3p2 .53846 .15890 .001 .2254 .8516 g3p4 .11538 .15890 469 -.1977 4285 The mean difference is significant at the .05 level.

16. Uji Kruskal-Wallis Aroma hari ke 9

Aroma 4 Chi-Square 75.014 df 5 Asymp. Sig. .000 Tabel Sidik Ragam Parameter Aroma hari ke 9 Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig. Between Groups 58.551 5 11.710 20.141 .000 Within Groups 132.564 228 .581 Total 191.115 233 Tabel Uji Lanjut Multiple Comparisons Aroma Hari ke 9 Dependent Variable: Aroma 4 Mean Difference I-J Std. Error Sig. 95 Confidence Interval I PERLAKUAN J PERLAKUAN Lower Bound Upper Bound g2p2 g2p4 -.48718 .17267 .005 -.8274 -.1469 g2p6 -1.25641 .17267 .000 -1.5967 -.9162 g3p2 -.64103 .17267 .000 -.9813 -.3008 g3p4 -1.20513 .17267 .000 -1.5454 -.8649 g3p6 -1.41026 .17267 .000 -1.7505 -1.0700 g2p4 g2p2 .48718 .17267 .005 .1469 .8274 g2p6 -.76923 .17267 .000 -1.1095 -.4290 g3p2 -.15385 .17267 .374 -.4941 .1864 g3p4 -.71795 .17267 .000 -1.0582 -.3777 g3p6 -.92308 .17267 .000 -1.2633 -.5828 g2p6 g2p2 1.25641 .17267 .000 .9162 1.5967 g2p4 .76923 .17267 .000 .4290 1.1095 g3p2 .61538 .17267 .000 .2751 .9556 g3p4 .05128 .17267 .767 -.2890 .3915 g3p6 -.15385 .17267 .374 -.4941 .1864 g3p2 g2p2 .64103 .17267 .000 .3008 .9813 115 g2p4 .15385 .17267 .374 -.1864 .4941 g2p6 -.61538 .17267 .000 -.9556 -.2751 g3p4 -.56410 .17267 .001 -.9043 -.2239 g3p6 -.76923 17267 .000 -1.1095 -.4290 g3p4 g2p2 1.20513 .17267 .000 .8649 1.5454 g2p4 .71795 .17267 .000 .3777 1.0582 g2p6 -.05128 .17267 .767 -.3915 .2890 g3p2 .56410 .17267 .001 .2239 .9043 g3p6 -.20513 .17267 .236 -.5454 .1351 g3p6 g2p2 1.41026 .17267 .000 1.0700 1.7505 g2p4 .92308 .17267 .000 .5828 1.2633 g2p6 .15385 .17267 .374 -.1864 .4941 g3p2 .76923 .17267 .000 .4290 1.1095 g3p4 .20513 .17267 .236 -.1351 .5454 The mean difference is significant at the .05 level.

17. Uji Kruskal-Wallis Rasa hari ke 0 Setelah 8 Jam Perlakuan Rasa 1

Chi-Square 11.530 df 5 Asymp. Sig. .042 Tabel Sidik Ragam Parameter Rasa Hari ke 0 Setelah Jam Perlakuan Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig. Between Groups 6.513 5 1.303 2.330 .043 Within Groups 127.449 228 .559 Total 133.962 233 Tabel Uji Lanjut Multiple Comparisons Rasa Hari ke 0 Setelah 8 Jam Perlakuan Dependent Variable: Rasa 1 Mean Difference I-J Std. Error Sig. 95 Confidence Interval I PERLAKUAN J PERLAKUAN Lower Bound Upper Bound g2p2 g2p4 -.25641 .16931 .131 -.5900 .0772 g2p6 -.07692 .16931 .650 -.4105 .2567 g3p2 -.07692 .16931 .650 -.4105 .2567 g3p4 -.46154 .16931 .007 -.7952 -.1279 g3p6 -.35897 .16931 .035 -.6926 -.0254 g2p4 g2p2 .25641 .16931 .131 -.0772 .5900 g2p6 .17949 .16931 .290 -.1541 .5131 g3p2 .17949 .16931 .290 -.1541 .5131 g3p4 -.20513 .16931 .227 -.5387 .1285 116 g3p6 -.10256 .16931 .545 -.4362 .2310 g2p6 g2p2 .07692 .16931 .650 -.2567 .4105 g2p4 -.17949 .16931 .290 -.5131 .1541 g3p2 .00000 .169311.000 -.3336 .3336 g3p4 -.38462 .16931 .024 -.7182 -.0510 g3p6 -.28205 .16931 .097 -.6157 .0516 g3p2 g2p2 .07692 .16931 .650 -.2567 .4105 g2p4 -.17949 .16931 .290 -.5131 .1541 g2p6 .00000 .169311.000 -.3336 .3336 g3p4 -.38462 .16931 .024 -.7182 -.0510 g3p6 -.28205 .16931 .097 -.6157 .0516 g3p4 g2p2 .46154 .16931 .007 1279 .7952 g2p4 .20513 .16931 .227 -.1285 .5387 g2p6 .38462 .16931 .024 .0510 .7182 g3p2 .38462 .16931 .024 .0510 .7182 g3p6 .10256 .16931 .545 -.2310 .4362 g3p6 g2p2 .35897 .16931 .035 .0254 .6926 g2p4 .10256 .16931 .545 -.2310 .4362 g2p6 .28205 .16931 .097 -.0516 .6157 g3p2 .28205 .16931 .097 -.0516 .6157 g3p4 -.10256 .16931 .545 -.4362 .2310 The mean difference is significant at the .05 level.

18. Uji Kruskal-Wallis Rasa Hari ke 3 Rasa 2

Chi-Square 21.033 df 5 Asymp. Sig. .001 Tabel Sidik Ragam Parameter Rasa Hari ke 3 Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig. Between Groups 13.154 5 2.631 4.957 .000 Within Groups 121.000 228 .531 Total 134.154 233 117 Tabel Uji Lanjut Multiple Comparisons Rasa Hari ke 3 Dependent Variable: Rasa 2 Mean Difference I-J Std. Error Sig. 95 Confidence Interval I PERLAKUAN J PERLAKUAN Lower Bound Upper Bound g2p2 g2p4 -.47436 .16497 .004 -.7994 -.1493 g2p6 -.58974 .16497 .000 -.9148 -.2647 g3p2 -.46154 .16497 .006 -.7866 -.1365 g3p4 -.78205 .16497 .000 -1.1071 -.4570 g3p6 -.53846 .16497 .001 -.8635 -.2134 g2p4 g2p2 .47436 .16497 .004 .1493 .7994 g2p6 -.11538 .16497 .485 -.4404 .2097 g3p2 .01282 .16497 .938 -.3122 .3379 g3p4 -.30769 .16497 .063 -.6328 .0174 g3p6 -.06410 .16497 .698 -.3892 .2610 g2p6 g2p2 .58974 .16497 .000 .2647 .9148 g2p4 .11538 .16497 .485 -.2097 .4404 g3p2 .12821 .16497 .438 -.1969 .4533 g3p4 -.19231 .16497 .245 -.5174 .1328 g3p6 .05128 .16497 .756 -.2738 .3763 g3p2 g2p2 .46154 .16497 .006 .1365 .7866 g2p4 -.01282 .16497 .938 -.3379 .3122 g2p6 -.12821 .16497 .438 -.4533 .1969 g3p4 -.32051 .16497 .053 -.6456 .0046 g3p6 -.07692 .16497 .641 -.4020 .2481 g3p4 g2p2 .78205 .16497 .000 .4570 1.1071 g2p4 .30769 .16497 .063 -.0174 .6328 g2p6 .19231 .16497 .245 -.1328 .5174 g3p2 .32051 .16497 .053 -.0046 .6456 g3p6 .24359 .16497 .141 -.0815 .5687 g3p6 g2p2 .53846 .16497 .001 .2134 .8635 g2p4 .06410 .16497 .698 -.2610 .3892 g2p6 -.05128 .16497 .756 -.3763 .2738 g3p2 .07692 .16497 .641 -.2481 .4020 g3p4 -.24359 .16497 .141 -.5687 .0815 The mean difference is significant at the .05 level. 19. Uji Kruskal-Wallis Rasa hari ke 6 Rasa 3 Chi-Square 3.392 df 5 Asymp. Sig. .640 118 Tabel Sidik Ragam Parameter Rasa Hari ke 6 Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig. Between Groups 1.082 5 .216 .409 .842 Within Groups 120.665 228 .529 Total 121.746 233

20. Uji Kruskal-Wallis Rasa Hari ke 9 Rasa 4

Chi-Square 73.206 Df 5 Asymp. Sig. .000 Tabel Sidik Ragam Parameter Rasa Hari ke 9 Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig. Between Groups 42.739 5 8.548 16.495 .000 Within Groups 118.154 228 .518 Total 160.893 233 119 Tabel Uji Lanjut Multiple Comparisons Rasa Hari ke 9 Dependent Variable: Rasa 4 Mean Difference I-J Std. Error Sig. 95 Confidence Interval I PERLAKUAN J PERLAKUAN Lower Bound Upper Bound g2p2 g2p4 -.23077 .16302 .158 -.5520 .0904 g2p6 -1.02564 .16302 .000 -1.3469 -.7044 g3p2 -.64103 .16302 .000 -.9622 -.3198 g3p4 -.97436 .16302 .000 -1.2956 -.6531 g3p6 -1.15385 .16302 .000 -1.4751 -.8326 g2p4 g2p2 .23077 .16302 .158 -.0904 .5520 g2p6 -.79487 .16302 .000 -1.1161 -.4737 g3p2 -.41026 .16302 .013 -.7315 -.0890 g3p4 -.74359 .16302 .000 -1.0648 -.4224 g3p6 -.92308 .16302 .000 -1.2443 -.6019 g2p6 g2p2 1.02564 .16302 .000 .7044 1.3469 g2p4 .79487 .16302 .000 .4737 1.1161 g3p2 .38462 .16302 .019 .0634 .7058 g3p4 .05128 .16302 .753 -.2699 .3725 g3p6 -12821 .16302 .432 -.4494 .1930 g3p2 g2p2 .64103 .16302 .000 .3198 .9622 g2p4 .41026 .16302 .013 .0890 .7315 g2p6 -.38462 .16302 019 -.7058 -.0634 g3p4 -.33333 .16302 .042 -.6546 -.0121 g3p6 -.51282 .16302 .002 -.8340 -.1916 g3p4 g2p2 .97436 .16302 .000 .6531 1.2956 g2p4 .74359 .16302 .000 .4224 1.0648 g2p6 -.05128 .16302 .753 -.3725 .2699 g3p2 .33333 .16302 .042 .0121 .6546 g3p6 -.17949 .16302 .272 -.5007 .1417 g3p6 g2p2 1.15385 .16302 .000 .8326 1.4751 g2p4 .92308 .16302 .000 .6019 1.2443 g2p6 .12821 .16302 .432 -.1930 .4494 g3p2 .51282 .16302 .002 .1916 .8340 g3p4 ,17949 .16302 .272 -.1417 .5007 The mean difference is significant at the .05 level. 120 Lampiran 5. Hasil Pengujian Residu Formalin pada Ikan Segar dan Ikan Asin di Indonesia RESIDU FORMALIN No. Jenis Sampel Formalin ppm Asal Sampel 1 Cumi Sotong Asin 13,99 Muara Angke Jkt 2 Cumi Karet Asin 187,55 Muara Angke Jkt 3 Cumi Biasa Asin 192,37 Muara Angke Jkt 4 Ikan Bilis Segar 2,45 Muara Angke Jkt 5 Ikan Jambal Asin 2,69 Kali Baru Jkt 6 Ikan Gulamah Segar 9,23 Kali Baru Jkt 7 Ikan Tembang Segar 3,08 Kali Baru Jkt 8 Cumi Segar 5,50 Tangerang, Banten 9 Jambal Asin 2,03 Tangerang, Banten 10 Layur Asin 4,86 Labuhan, Pandeglang, Banten 11 Pari Asin 37,43 Pelabuhan Ratu 12 Cumi Asin 177,36 Pelabuhan Ratu 13 Layang Asin 44,17 Brondong 14 Cumi Asin 172,35 Bondong 15 Cumi Segar 6,45 Lombok 16 Cumi Asin 2,98 Lombok 17 Tembang Segar 2,87 Lombok 18 Lemuru Segar 2,32 Lombok Sumber : Kelti Keamanan Pangan Sosek PRPPSE-BRKP DKP-RI, 2004 121 Lampiran 6. Hasil Pengujian Kualitatif Formalin pada Ikan Kembung Segar dan Ikan Asin Peda di DKI Jakarta UJI KUALITATIF FORMALIN DI DKI JAKARTA Asal Sampel Jenis Sampel Wilayah Pasar Kembung segar Peda Jakarta Selatan Ciputat - + Pasar Minggu + + Jakarta Pusat Senen - - Bendungan Hilir - + Jakarta Timur Rawamangun - + Sunter - - Jakarta Utara Sunter - - Tanjung Priok - - Jakarta Barat Muara Angke + + Palmerah - + Sumber : Kelti Keamanan Pangan Sosek PRPPSE-BRKP DKP-RI, 2004 PENGARUH PENGAWETAN MENGGUNAKAN BIJI PICUNG Pangium edule Reinw TERHADAP KESEGARAN DAN KEAMANAN IKAN KEMBUNG SEGAR Rastrelliger brachysoma

R.A. HANGESTI EMI WIDYASARI

SEKOLAH PASCASARJANA INSTITUT PERTANIAN BOGOR BOGOR 2006 Judul Tesis : Pengaruh Pengawetan Menggunakan Biji Picung Pangium edule Reinw Terhadap Kesegaran dan Keamanan Ikan Kembung Segar Rastrelliger brachysoma Nama : R. A. Hangesti Emi Widyasari NRP : C551030081 Program Studi : Teknologi Kelautan Disetujui, Komisi Pembimbing Prof. Dr. Ir. John Haluan, MSc Dr. Endang Sri Heruwati, Prof. Riset Ketua Anggota Diketahui, Ketua Program Studi Teknologi Kelautan Dekan Sekolah Pascasarjana IPB Prof. Dr. Ir. John Haluan, M.Sc Prof. Dr. Ir. Khairil A Notodiputro, MS Tanggal Ujian : 16 Januari 2006 Tanggal Lulus : PERNYATAAN MENGENAI TESIS DAN SUMBER INFORMASI Dengan ini saya menyatakan bahwa tesis “ Pengaruh Pengawetan Menggunakan Biji Picung Pangium edule Reinw Terhadap Kesegaran dan Keamanan Ikan Kembung Segar Rastrelliger brachysoma “ adalah karya saya sendiri dengan arahan komisi pembimbing dan belum diajukan dalam bentuk apapun kepada perguruan tinggi manapun. Sumber informasi yang berasal atau dikutip dari karya yang diterbitkan maupun tidak diterbitkan dari penulis lain telah disebutkan dalam teks dan dicantumkan dalam Daftar Pustaka di bagian akhir tesis ini. Bogor, Februari 2006 R.A. Hangesti Emi Widyasari NRP C551030081 ABSTRACT R.A. HANGESTI EMI WIDYASARI. Preservation By Using Natural Compound of Picung Kernel Pangium edule ReinW Influence on Freshness and Safety of Mackerel Rastrelliger brachysoma Under the direction of JOHN HALUAN, ENDANG SRI HERUWATI. The lack of ice used as fish freshness control leads the fisherman to use picung kernel Pangium edule Reinw to manage the fish freshness. Beside consumed traditionally as food in Indonesia, the picung kernel is also used as a medical substance to cure scabies, as insecticide, soap, or as a raw material for edible oil and colourant of yarn, or as fish preservative. Picung is widely available in Indonesia so that enable to use in several fishing grounds and fishing ports which suffer from ice deficiency. Based on the experimental result on the addition of picung kernel and salt to fresh fish Rastrelliger brachysoma, the proportion of salt : picung kernel, from 2:2, 2:4, 2:6, 3:2, 3:4 and 3:6 were found inhibit the decomposition rate of fish due to the reduction of bacterial growth Total Plate Count, Enterobacter dan H 2 S Producer. The proportion of picung kernel 2 was the most effective and very economic to use in the preservation of mackerel. The result was to demonstrate that the antimicrobe substance contained in the picung kernel may be used as natural preservative for fish products and seems to increased the shelf life of the fish within 6 days, stored at ambient temperature. Key words : Antimicrobe, picung kernel, Total Plate Count, Enterobacter, H 2 S Producer. © Hak cipta milik Institut Pertanian Bogor, tahun 2006 Hak cipta dilindungi undang-undang Dilarang mengutip dan memperbanyak tanpa izin tertulis dari Institut Pertanian Bogor, sebagian atau seluruhnya dalam bentuk apapun, baik cetak, fotokopi, microfilm, dan sebagainya PENGARUH PENGAWETAN MENGGUNAKAN BIJI PICUNG Pangium edule Reinw TERHADAP KESEGARAN DAN KEAMANAN IKAN KEMBUNG SEGAR Rastrelliger brachysoma

R. A. HANGESTI EMI WIDYASARI

Tesis Sebagai salah satu syarat untuk memperoleh gelar Magister Sains pada Departemen Pemanfaatan Sumberdaya Perikanan SEKOLAH PASCASARJANA INSTITUT PERTANIAN BOGOR BOGOR 2006