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CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
In this chapter, the researcher discusses the methodology used to answer the research problems. This chapter consists of seven subtopics. The first subtopic
is the research method used to conduct this research. The second subtopic is the setting in which and when the research was conducted. The third subtopic talks
about the research subject as the source of data used in conducting the research. The fourth subtopic is the instrument used in collecting and analyzing the data.
The fifth is about the techniques used to gather the data. The sixth is the data analysis. The seventh or the last subtopic is the research procedures.
A. Research Method
This research was qualitative research. Based on Borg and Galls 2007, “Qualitative research is a research which presents facts in a narration with words.”
A description is also given by Hansen 2005 stating that qualitative methods rely on experiences and phenomena that need to be interpreted and explained. The
results of the research problems are to be explained and interpreted. Those were the application of descriptive-qualitative research in this study. Merriam et al
2002 state that a descriptive-qualitative research is used when data collected through interviews, observations, or documents analysis are analyzed to identify
the pattern of the data. In addition, the findings of the research are to be presented and discussed in the lights of some relevant theories of culture-specific terms and
translations procedures. Therefore, the researcher analyzed the phenomena of
40 culture-specific terms in poems featured in On Foreign Shores, which were
translated into English and what procedures are used to translate those terms from Bahasa Indonesia into English.
Ary, Jacobs, Sorensen, and Razavieh 2010 define a document analysis as a method that is used when someone wants to analyze any physical documents,
in form of written or visual materials, in order to identify specific data. Furthermore, the researcher took the sources of data by analyzing and interpreting
recorded materials which can be taken from public records, textbooks, letters, films, tapes, diaries, themes, reports, etc Ary, Jacobs Razavieh, 2002. Based
on that study, the researcher selected an anthology of poems entitled On Foreign Shores: American Images in Indonesian Poetry which features 69 Indonesian
poems which are translated into English.
B. Research Setting
The setting of this research refers to the setting in which the researcher conducted this research. The researcher conducted this research during the period
of August 2013 to September 2013. The research was conducted in Yogyakarta through library study.
C. Research Data
The data which are analyzed in this research are taken from On Foreign Shores: American Images in Indonesian Poetry, an anthology of Indonesian
poems about the United States of America which was published in conjunction with the 1990-1991 Festival of Indonesia in the United States by the Lontar
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