Related Studies Dia membuang manisannya ke gurun pasir. In the dialogue above, B said

The second research was done by Anindia Ayu Rahmawati in 2013. The title of her research was Verbal Humor in the “Rio” Animated Film and Its Translation in the Indonesian Subtitling. She discussed the types of verbal humor found in Rio 2011 film. Those are wordplay, allusion, and verbal irony. Afterwards, Allusion is the most frequently appeared as the type of verbal humor in that film. There were many allusions found to famous people, particular objects, scientific terms, the name of TV program, and the song lyric in this film to amuse audiences. Afterwards, to measure the acceptability level, the researcher was using questionnaire by 3 three respondents. In addition, there are some similarities and differences between this research and Rahmawati’s research. As the matter of fact, the verbal humor is the main topic for both these researches. Nevertheless, these researches have same three objectives, those are types of verbal humor, subtitling strategies, and acceptability in Bahasa Indonesia subtitling expressions. These researches also apply the same theories for the types of verbal humor which proposed by Spanakaki 2007 and subtitling strategies which proposed by Gottlieb, in Taylor 2000. The types of verbal humor showed the same result that allusion is the most frequently appeared as the kind of verbal humor in the film. The second is verbal irony, and the last is wordplay. However, the differences are the subject of the research and the result of the data in subtitling strategies. The previous research used Rio 2011 film, while this research used the sequel of that film, namely Rio 2 2014 film. The data of the previous study were collected manually from VCD of Rio film. Meanwhile, this research data were taken from DVD of Rio 2 film. There were 48 data considered as verbal humor dialogues in Rio film, meanwhile there were 82 data found in Rio 2 film which considered as verbal humor dialogues in which have almost a half more than the previous film. In addition, to make the data clearer, the current research gives more subdivision in analyzing the types of verbal humor, especially for allusion and verbal irony. There are two types which are derived from allusion; Proper Noun allusion, and Key Phrase allusion. Both types were implemented in this research. Whereas, there are six types of verbal irony which are derived from verbal irony; Hyperbolic Expression, Tag Question, Hyperformality, Intensifier, Interjection, and Ironic Repetition. There was only one type that did not implement in this reseach, namely Tag Question.

B. Conceptual Framework

This study is formulated to analyze the occurrence of verbal humor in the English Rio 2 film expressions and their Bahasa Indonesia subtitling expressions. The expected objectives of this research are; to describe the types of verbal humor found in the English Rio 2 film expressions and their Bahasa Indonesia subtitling expression, to describe the strategies used by the subtitler in translating the verbal humor in the English Rio 2 film expressions into Bahasa Indonesia subtitling expressions, and to explain acceptability in the translation of the verbal humor in the English Rio 2 film expressions used in the Bahasa Indonesia subtitling expressions. To carry out this research, the researcher applies a theory that proposed by Spanakaki 2007 for the types of the verbal humor, Henrik Gottlieb in Taylor 2000 for the subtitling strategies, and questionnaires for measuring the acceptability scale.

1. Verbal Humor

In terms of verbal humor, there are three aspects to be studied in this research as follows.

a. Wordplay

Wordplay can be defined as play on words, in which a word of multiple meaning or a word of similar sound but different meaning and it is used to create humor. It is literary technique and a form of wit in which the words that are used become the main subject of the work, primarily for the purpose of intended effect or amusement. Furthermore, According to the type and degree of similarity, wordplay can be divided into the following categories Delabastita, 1996: 128 in Spanakaki, 2007. 1 Homonymy Homonymy is a type of wordplay which has identical spelling and sounds but different meaning. For example, the word can in English meaning ‘be able’ and also can meaning ‘put something in a container’. 2 Homophony Homophony is a type of wordplay which is pronounced like another word but has a different spelling or meaning. For example, the word some, and sum s∆m. 3 Homograph Homograph is a type of wordplay which is spelt like another word but has a different meaning from it, and may have a different pronunciation. For example, the word bow ba ʊ , and bow bəʊ - boʊ. 4 Paronymy Paronymy is a type of wordplay in which there are slightly differences in both spelling and sounds. For example, the word naughty and the word knotty in English.

b. Allusion

Allusion is something that is said or written that refers to or mentions another person or subject in an indirect way. It is a figure of speech, in which one refers covertly or indirectly to an object or circumstance from an external context. An allusion is often called a reference. In additon, Leppihalme 1997: 10 in Hellgren 2007: 12 also divides allusion into two parts, namely proper name allusion and key phrase allusion. The explanation of these divisions are as follows. 1 Proper Name Allusion Proper name, or Proper Noun, is a word that is the name of person, a place, an institution, etc. and is written with a capital letter. It is the frame that carries the allusive meaning to create humorous expression. The core of this frame includes numerous examples, such as typically name of famous people, real-life and fictional, titles of fictional works, and names of organizations.