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CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW
A. Theoretical Review
This part investigates the theories of translation, its processes, and types of the translation. This research analyzes verbal humor and subtitiling matters, in
which audiovisual translation that contains subtitling strategies will be examined further. In addition, since the data of analysis are taken from the subtitle of Rio 2
film, the summary of the film will also be presented later. The previous study which is connected to this research is going to be explained with some similarities
and differences toward this investigation as the latest research.
1. Translation
When it comes to the word translation, most of people will think about the process of changing something that is written or spoken into another language. In
order to discover more about it, this section will further discuss the notions of translation, the processes of translation, and the types of translation. Those three
sections are studied according to some experts of translation studies.
a. Notions of Translation
Traditionally, translation can be understood as a process of transferring meaning, idea or message of a text from one language to other languages.
Afterwards, it can be transpired in the same or different languages but more familiar in the different languages. Therefore, it will be clarified in some
definitions of translation provided by some experts as follows.
Benhaddou 1991: 2 states that translation, in the real sense of the word, is not a mere transfer of syntactic structure of one language into another language.
There are some other aspects of language that should be considered in any operation of this kind. Thus, it is important to consider that the readers or
audiences of the target language accept the same information as well as the readers or audiences of the source language. This consideration includes the
clarity, accuracy, and naturalness of the meaning or messages of the translation. Nevertheless, according to Hatim and Munday 2004: 6, translation is a
process of transferring a written text from source language SL to the target language TL. In this definition, they emphasize that the object being transferred
in translation is a process. Besides, Meetham and Hudson in Bell 1991: 6 define translation as the replacement of a representation of a text in one language by
representation of an equivalent text in a second language. This definition stresses in exchanging of the representation of meaning equivalence from the source
language to the target language. Meanwhile, translation is also mentioned by Nida and Taber 1982: 12.
They state that translating consists in reproducing in the receptor language the closest natural equivalent of the source language message. This definition is more
comprehensive than the previous ones. They clearly state that translation is closely connected to the matters of recreating the meaning as natural equivalence
as possible from the source text ST to the target text TT.
Kategori