How are profiling activities facilitated by Proyek Pesisir?

Pelajaran dari Pengalaman Proyek Pesisir 1997 - 2000 xxiii Atlas is disseminated through socialization programs, such as articles in scientific journal, presentation in seminars and workshops, production of brochures, and through website. Atlas is distributed to participants of profiling, stakeholders including high schools, other provincial gov- ernments, and international partners of Lampung government. The in- formation provided in the atlas have been used as reference in develop- ment of provincial strategic plan, as inputs for revision of provincial spatial plan, inputs for inter-sectoral development plan, reference or reading material for senior high school and university students, and a national example for coastal management initiative in other provinces in Indonesia. Profile of Balikpapan Bay Slightly different from profiling activities in other field sites, profile of Balikpapan Bay has just completed stage of data analysis. At its prepa- ration stage, activities include : a decision on types of data and infor- mation to be included in the profile, b socialization of profiling activi- ties, consultative meetings, and coordination with participants govern- ment agencies, NGOs, universities, PTF, etc., c establishment of data collection plan, d starting cooperative works with certain institutions for special studies to describe a number of issues thoroughly. During implementation stage, activities include : a issue identification, b data collection through field surveys, collection of secondary data, c imple- mentation of technical studies, d verification of data or information obtained from technical studies in workshop, and e compilation of results of technical studies. Profile of coastal village in Minahasa, North Sulawesi. Profiling activities consist of: a summarizing issues identified from technical studies and public meetings in the villages, b identification of potential members and establishment of core team which is respon- sible for developing village profile, c development of technical sup- porting team, d training for core-team and supporting team members to prepare them for profile development. At implementation stage, de- velopment of village profile is carried out by the core-team. Approval and acceptance of issues written in the draft of profile were made after review by public and technical support team. Based on comments from the review, the draft is corrected. After that, printing and distribution of village profiles to government agencies, project sites, neighboring villages and others. 8. What is the difference in the process of profiling among the three field sites? There are some differences in mechanism of stakeholder participation, types of expertise and number of experts, types of information, strat- egy of institutional strengthening, methods and time required for pro- file development. Mechanism of local community participation In North Sulawesi, community participated public meetings and per- sonal meetings, i.e., door-to-door approach. In Lampung, community participation is performed by their representatives, usually key persons, village officers and representatives of resources users. In East Kalimantan, community participation is represented by representatives of villages selected by certain criteria. Types and number of experts Types and number of experts involved in profiling activities depend on type of issues and special issues. Number of expertise required for North Sulawesi is 5, for Lampung is 11 and for East Kalimantan is 9. Number of consultants or experts was determined by scope of manage- ment area, types of issues or information to be presented in the profiles. There were 8 experts involved for development of village profiles in North Sulawesi, 26 experts for development of atlas of Lampung and 14 experts for Balikpapan Bay profile. Pelajaran dari Pengalaman Proyek Pesisir 1997 - 2000 xxiv Preparation and building capacity of the core team which is re- sponsible in development of the profile. To prepare the core team, Proyek Pesisir provide training and other activities to improve individual capacity and group. Based on geographical scale and scope of adminis- trative areas, approach for building team capacity varied among field sites. Training materials and strategy is adjusted to the characteristics of participants. Data collection In principle, the strategy for data collection is similar among field sites, i.e., collection and review on secondary data, field surveys, comparison between field survey and secondary data, data vali- dation, and consultative meetings with source agencies . However, strat- egies for collection are different among field sites, due to differences in geographic scale and administrative area. Data collection for village is intensive for village’s profiles in North Sulawesi. Whereas for develop- ment coastal profile of Lampung, intensive data collection was carried out in hot-spot areas. Strategies in data collection for Balikpapan Bay is a combined strategy of Lampung and North Sulawesi approach. Length of time required to complete a profile Geographical area, details of data, core-team readiness and validation process determine length of time to complete each profile. Capacity and workload of project management may extend the time, as it is experience by PP SULUT. Validation process involved various stakeholders and is very important because a profile will contains commitment and agreement on current situation and prioritized problems which addressed by management plan. North-Sulawesi village profiles and Balikpapan Bay profile required more or less 2 two years to complete while Lampung provincial coastal pro- file required 1 one year. 9. What is the strategy to encourage community and stakeholder par- ticipation in profiling activities. Community and stakeholders participation was encouraged through pub- lic meeting in public education with materials obtained from their envi- ronment, implementation of early actions, establishment of partnership with stakeholders, collaboration with local key persons, positioning project programs as stakeholders program. From contacts with community and stakeholders, project allocated suf- ficient time for communication and carefully listen to community and stakeholders. In principle, project tried to accommodate community needs. Project always tries to apply best strategy in explaining project ideas but is ready to make discussion if there is some differences. Types of strategies are adjusted to types of meeting and participants of the meetings. For community in the villages, visual examples are inten- sively used because they are more effective in explaining issues. Seminar and workshop types of meeting are commonly used for staffs from gov- ernment agencies and representatives of stakeholders.

10. What is the main constraints of profile development

Main constraints faced during profiling activities for Balikpapan Bay and coast of Lampung are low accuracy of secondary data, size of geo- graphic areas, technical problems GIS hardware and software, insuffi- cient capability of local stakeholders in coastal management, limit of time and negative perception of community on profiling activities. In general, similar constrains are also found for development of village profiles in North Sulawesi. However, development of village profiles do not require GIS facilities because sizes of villages are relatively small and village information can be sufficiently presented without advanced technology.