What is a profile?

Pelajaran dari Pengalaman Proyek Pesisir 1997 - 2000 xxii of a coastal area or zone is a general description on issues relevant to coastal resources management. A profile is an output of profiling ac- tivities. A profile can be in the forms of printed matters, such as maps and books, or electronic, such as compact disc, video cassettes, or photo slides. 2. What is an issue? An issue is a condition or situation that community wants to change. Needs of changing is implemented as utilization of potentials or prob- lem solution. There are positive and negative issues. The former is utilization of potential identified by the community and the latter are problems that requires solutions. 3. What is an issue-based profile? An issue-based profile is issues relevant to utilization of potentials and problems that need solution in the context of resources management. 4. What is the purposes of issue-based profile? Issue-based profile is useful: a as a basis for development of strategic planning of resources management; b as a baseline data to measure the impact of management initiatives; c improvement of local knowledge on their environment; d to develop a public forum for resources man- agement and build stakeholder participation; e to build commitment among stakeholders. 5. Who are involved in the profiling activity? A wide range of community, from provincial to village levels, in the forum of stakeholder representatives, experts from universities and con- sultant firms, local government agencies, non government organizations and private companies. Types of participation and their roles varies among groups, according to their commitment. 6. How they participate in the profiling activity? In general, there are three types of roles of participant: a providing data or information Group A; b providing datainformation and ac- tively participated in data collection Group B; c providing datainfor- mation, participated in data collection and actively engaged in data analy- sis. In North Sulawesi, group A consisted of NGO and private compa- nies, group B consisted of local government agencies and universities, group C consisted of village community. In Kalimantan Timur and Lampung, group A consisted of community and private companies, group B consisted of NGO and group C consisted of universities and con- sultant firms. 7. How are profiling activities facilitated by Proyek Pesisir? In general, profiling activities in the three project field sites consisted of preparation, implementation, approval and production, dissemination steps and use of profile after production. Atlas of Lampung coastal resources As this paper is being written, profile developed by Lampung coastal stakeholders has been printed and distributed to public. In general, profile development consisted of : 1 consultative meetings with stake- holders, 2 training for project staffs and partners involved in profiling activities, 3 preliminary surveys and review on secondary data, 4 se- lection of types of information to be included in the profile. After data and information collected, next steps are 1 development of basic map manually, 2 field surveys, 3 data analysis, 4 development of basic and thematic maps using digitations system, 5 drafting the atlas, and 6 data verification by stakeholders in workshops, public meetings, and distribution of the draft for review. Approval of the atlas is made by stakeholders after their acceptance on the contents of the atlas. Formal approval is made by Governor of Lampung. Pelajaran dari Pengalaman Proyek Pesisir 1997 - 2000 xxiii Atlas is disseminated through socialization programs, such as articles in scientific journal, presentation in seminars and workshops, production of brochures, and through website. Atlas is distributed to participants of profiling, stakeholders including high schools, other provincial gov- ernments, and international partners of Lampung government. The in- formation provided in the atlas have been used as reference in develop- ment of provincial strategic plan, as inputs for revision of provincial spatial plan, inputs for inter-sectoral development plan, reference or reading material for senior high school and university students, and a national example for coastal management initiative in other provinces in Indonesia. Profile of Balikpapan Bay Slightly different from profiling activities in other field sites, profile of Balikpapan Bay has just completed stage of data analysis. At its prepa- ration stage, activities include : a decision on types of data and infor- mation to be included in the profile, b socialization of profiling activi- ties, consultative meetings, and coordination with participants govern- ment agencies, NGOs, universities, PTF, etc., c establishment of data collection plan, d starting cooperative works with certain institutions for special studies to describe a number of issues thoroughly. During implementation stage, activities include : a issue identification, b data collection through field surveys, collection of secondary data, c imple- mentation of technical studies, d verification of data or information obtained from technical studies in workshop, and e compilation of results of technical studies. Profile of coastal village in Minahasa, North Sulawesi. Profiling activities consist of: a summarizing issues identified from technical studies and public meetings in the villages, b identification of potential members and establishment of core team which is respon- sible for developing village profile, c development of technical sup- porting team, d training for core-team and supporting team members to prepare them for profile development. At implementation stage, de- velopment of village profile is carried out by the core-team. Approval and acceptance of issues written in the draft of profile were made after review by public and technical support team. Based on comments from the review, the draft is corrected. After that, printing and distribution of village profiles to government agencies, project sites, neighboring villages and others. 8. What is the difference in the process of profiling among the three field sites? There are some differences in mechanism of stakeholder participation, types of expertise and number of experts, types of information, strat- egy of institutional strengthening, methods and time required for pro- file development. Mechanism of local community participation In North Sulawesi, community participated public meetings and per- sonal meetings, i.e., door-to-door approach. In Lampung, community participation is performed by their representatives, usually key persons, village officers and representatives of resources users. In East Kalimantan, community participation is represented by representatives of villages selected by certain criteria. Types and number of experts Types and number of experts involved in profiling activities depend on type of issues and special issues. Number of expertise required for North Sulawesi is 5, for Lampung is 11 and for East Kalimantan is 9. Number of consultants or experts was determined by scope of manage- ment area, types of issues or information to be presented in the profiles. There were 8 experts involved for development of village profiles in North Sulawesi, 26 experts for development of atlas of Lampung and 14 experts for Balikpapan Bay profile.