41
There were 16 female students and 20 male students. The age of the students varied from 8 to 9 years old. They have varied background in learning English.
3. Data Collection Technique and Instrument a. Data Collection Technique
The researcher used questionnaires, interview, and observation to collect the data. In analyzing the data, Likert Scale was used. According to the Bell 1999,
Likert Scale is a scale which is used to gain information for the respondents to indicate strength of agreement or disagreement with given statement on five or
seven point range. The students and the group of respondents were asked whether they are Strongly Agree SA, Agree A, Disagree D, or Strongly Disagree SD
with the statement in the questionnaire and the sheet.
b. Instruments
The data were collected through interview, observation, and questionnaire. There were three types of questionnaires used in this study. Each of the
instruments will be explained below.
1. Questionnaires
Questionnaires are some written questions that use to get some information from respondents Arikunto, 2010: 194. There were three questionnaires used in
the study. These questionnaires were aimed at obtaining the data of the needs analysis, materials, instructions, and media for teaching and learning process.
42
a Questionnaires for Students’ Needs Analysis
The first questionnaire was aimed at obtaining the data of the needs analysis. This questionnaire was distributed to the students to asses their target and learning
needs. There were 20 questions in the first questionnaire. The outline of students’ need analysis questionnaires is shown in the table below.
Table 3.1: Outline of the Questionnaire for the Need Analysis The Purpose of the
Questionnaire The Component of
the Questionnaire References
Questions number
To get information about students’ identity.
• Name • Age
• Sex -Tomlinson
1998: 240
-
To get information about students’ interest.
• Interest -Hutchinson
and Waters 1987: 63
1-2
To get information about students’ attitude toward
the English lesson. • Students’
Attitude to English
- Brown 2000: 162-
166 3-5
To get information about students’ background.
• Students’ Previous
Knowledge -Hutchinson
and Waters 1987: 63
6-8
To get information about students’ motivation.
• Motivation - Pinter 2006:
36 9-10
To get information about learning needs.
• Learning Styles
• Learning Strategies
• Learning materials
-Tomlinson 1998: 240
11 12
13-17
continued
