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lesson. By watching the video, the students will pay attention in the teaching-
learning process.
Besides, the product is limited to teach English for the third grade students of
elementary school. This product is mainly for listening skills. Moreover, this product is only made for a specific subject. The topics of the video program are
limited to describe characteristics of people, like and dislike about food and beverages, and simple instructions. Those topics are aimed for the third grade of
elementary school because they can be found in the syllabus of the third grade students in semester one.
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CHAPTER II THEORETICAL REVIEW AND CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
A. Theoretical Review
1. Definition and characteristics of Young Learners
Young learners are the learners who learn in early ages commonly between five and ten or eleven years old Scott and Ytreberg, 2000. According to
Cameron 2001, young learners are elementary school learners between five and twelve years old.
The age of students is a factor that influences the learning process. Young learners have specific needs, competences, and cognitive skills. Harmer 2001:
38 explains that young children learn differently in the following ways: a.
Young children respond to meaning even if they do not understand individual words.
b. Young children often learn indirectly rather than directly. They take in
information from all sides and they learn from everything around them. Means they do not only focus on one topic they are being taught.
c. Young children’s understanding also comes from what they hear and see,
not only from the explanation. d.
Young children generally enthusiast in learning and they curious about the world around them.
e. Young children need individual attention and approval from the teacher.
f. Young children keen to talk about themselves and they give a good
respond in learning using the main topic of themselves and their own live.
g. Young children have a limited attention span. They often get bored and
lose their interest easily. There are some reasons why young learners have different way of learning.
According to Brewster et al. 2002: 27, those differences might be because: a.
Children have a lot physical energy and they often need to be physically active.
b. Children have a wide range of the emotional needs.
c. Children are emotionally excitable.
