Education and Leadership in Glocalization : What does “think globally, act locally” mean for education around the world?
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2014
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Factors Affecting Servant Leadership of Basic School Teachers in Thailand
Jaruwan Ployduangrat. Ed,D.
Faculty of Education, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok Thailand Kainoi_swuhotmail.com
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to investigate 1 the correlation among organizational culture and
organizational climate to the servant leadership of teachers in basic schools, Thailand and 2 factors
capable of predicting the servant leadership characteristics. The sampling group comprised 1245
teachers from basic schools in Thailand. The instrument was a two-part questionnaire with a 5
levels rating scale. The statistics used for data analysis were percentage, mean, standard deviation,
Pearson product moment correlation coefficient and stepwise multiple regression analysis. The results
found that 1 the organizational culture and organizational climate were correlated with statistical
significance at .01 levels; and 2 both factors of the organizational culture and organizational climate
could predict the servant leadership characteristics by 84.2
Keywords: Servant Leadership, Teachers leaderships
1. Introduction
Leader is the one who has influence on
the process, organizational groups, and societies, in administrating to achieve the goal. The
administration in the past was altered in many aspects; such as turning to emphasize on power-
transferring instead of controlling, and cooperation instead of competition.
Also, the material award was replaced by maintaining good relationship between leaders and
followers. Due to the study of many types of leaders, leadership in accordance with providing service is the
good of example in transferring power to another person. The main principle is based on the practical
truth.
At present time, the leader who owns capability should start from the heart first, by changing from the
concentration on individual benefits to social benefits. Moreover, the suitable characteristic of
leadership should be likely as servant leadership, jointly controlling and initiating leadership for others
as if providing service. Servant leadership is considered as wisdom and also a tool in strengthening
the organization and society in moral aspect.
On the other hand, the factors; which have impact on the organization members to have enough
efficiency and also lead to have success in organization, are as followed. First is the culture
inside organization which can create standard of work, second is the organization climate that can
affects workers’ physical and mental health, and third is workers’ taking part in administration by using the
group process of targeting the goal and making decision. It should be done by creating the horizontal
relationship, which has leader as the center. The transferring power is a kind of organizational culture
that needs high level of reliability and giving back power toward the leader to be service provider.
According to economic problems and the prompt change of society, it leads to have
competition in many aspects, such as upgrading quality in order to be standardized and survived in
society.
Teacher plays an important role in managing how to teach and also developing learners. Moreover,
teacher needs to have participation with parents and community. Teacher leaderships which have direct
impact on schools should be adapted in accordance with the environment nowadays. And we considered
that ‘Servant Leadership’ is a proper characteristic of leader. It is the change of system from giving order,
turning to be providing service, and also a kind of linkage between leadership and services.
We decided to study about servant leadership by using Greenleaf’s theory together with other
academicians’ researches in order to synthesize the appropriate way of servant leadership, which is
relevant to private school nowadays. We created three main factors; organization culture, organization
climate and participation management which could somehow affect to servant leadership in five aspects.
Those are providing service, creating power, having vision, being confided and having respect. The main
point of this research will support us to clarify what are the key relationship and factors; in order that we
can use them in administrating organization and individuals. Also, it will be good for determining
policy for school administrators to have servant leadership as well. These would be relevant to
National Education Act and Educational reform, and at the same time could be a path to national economic
and social development for educational personnel later.
2. Research Objective
1. To investigate the correlation between organizational culture and organizational climate
affecting to the servant leadership of teachers in schools, Thailand.
Education and Leadership in Glocalization : What does “think globally, act locally” mean for education around the world?
21-24
2014
190
2. To explore factors which capable of predicting the servant leadership characteristics in
schools, Thailand.
3. Methodologies
The population of this study was 417,440 teachers from schools under the Office of the Basic
Education Commission of Thailand. The multi-stage random sampling was employed to select the
sampling group consisting of 1,245 teachers in this study. Questionnaires were used in this study as the
instrument and divided into 2 stages: questionnaires related to 3 factors affecting the servant leadership of
teachers in schools, Thailand, and questionnaires related to the servant leadership of teachers in
schools, Thailand in 5 aspects.
This study used the questionnaire as an analyzing tool, which was divided into 2 stages;
Stage1: The questionnaire related the three components; the organization’s culture, environment,
and participation management, which affected the Servant leadership of teachers for basic school. This
questionnaire used the 5 Rating Scale varied from excellent, very good, good, fair, and poor.
Stage 2: The questionnaire for the Servant leadership of teachers for basic school based on 5 factors which
are service, power, vision, trust, and respect. This questionnaire used the 5 rating scale as well.
4. Data Analysis 1.
Summarizing the result from the questionnaire part 1 and 2 in order to find means and
standard deviations. 2.
Analyzing the relation of the three components that affected the servant leadership by
using the Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient.
3. Finding the expected components that
possibly affected the Servant leadership, which can be classified from organization’s culture,
environment, and participation management by using the Stepwise Multiple Regression Analysis.
5. Conclusion
