Education and Leadership in Glocalization : What does “think globally, act locally” mean for education around the world?
21-24
2014
233
Localization learning process for human resources development: case study of project support the local community in order to restore the southern border
Nat Luxchaigul
Dept. of Social Sciences, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences Prince of Songkla University, Pattani Campus
E-mail: nat-lbunga.pn.psu.ac.th
Abstract
This study aims to analyze the learning process for human resources development in collaboration
community of practice COP on project support the local community in order to restore the southern
border. The 50 samples consisted of graduate workers, graduate motherland and also people in
Pattani, Yala and Narathiwat Provinces, were collected sampling with participant observation and
in-depth interviews, using content analysis and descriptive narrative. The research results founded
that the community learning only discourse of human resources development in postmodern; the input
process are sufficient supported by the third party participation. The learning process in southern border
community is only the beginning and medium participation. However, this collaborative learning
process output are the expansion to the second project, but the participant gained experience as the
result process of interaction with the community development and environment around the human
center. Although, the restore southern border is not now conducive fulfillment to human development,
because of unrest in the areas, lack of trust, scarcity of natural resources and coastal erosion, etc.
Keywords: learning process, human resources development, community of practice COP, southern
border
1. Introduction
The key to knowledge of community development are aspects of the theory of practice.
Then the learning content must include academic and practice. The important part to pay attention to is the
process of learning or acquiring knowledge.
Prof. Wijhan Panit 2012 indicates that learning new generation must learn the skills to survive in the
21
st
century; the role of the teacher must change from teaching to serve in the spark alumni interested in
self- knowledge of the learner’s practice called learning by doing. The teacher acting be a conducive
learning process rather than as agenda setting or telling. Then a good teacher will help increase the
power and value of learning more than prepare people to work to the production industry same in the past.
As well as, should take into account the principles or
factors for learning in the 21
st
century, namely the five keys that are; to learn the real world or real life
Authentic Learning, learning to create a new paradigm Mental Model Building, learners with
learning needs Internal Motivation, learning with more elastic management Multiple Intelligence, and
learning as a social process Social Learning.
Therefore, the provision of education for community development must be to help the students
profound understanding the community development. The educational process should to strengthen the
ability of thought, analysis and decision, to increase the experience of collaborative group working, and to
develop constantly linking learning to academic and practical. From the above, this article must descriptive
to learning process for human resources development, how are the learning process in southern border
community of practice COP which a part of the project support to local community at the present.
2. Literature Review
2.1 Community development: theory, practice, and
social dynamics.
Knowledge of community development built from concrete operation of community. The process
of operational community to the benefit it’s both individual and collective members by the process or
method from outsiders who came to work with the community to strengthen their ability to manage their
own community. The knowledge in community development was in different countries both
industrialized and developing countries, whereas not markedly influence and less weight in theory. In
contrast, the literature associated with the community development to demonstrate the outstanding issues in
the practice rather than, such as techniques and strategies for working with communities. Midgley,
J., Livermore, M., 2005
Although, the community development theory is caused by the formation and accumulation of
knowledge from practice for more than five decades, but the theory component has to rely on the influence
of education as a science, and cognitive science knowledge, such as research and theory in the social
sciences, including: anthropology, sociology, economics applications., etc. which are contribute to
more understanding of the relationship between human beings, man and nature, and the social change
Education and Leadership in Glocalization : What does “think globally, act locally” mean for education around the world?
21-24
2014
234
as a fundamental knowledge of the community development.
However, to reduce reliance on knowledge creation in science coagulation of traditional
knowledge as a modern discourse that is conducive to knowledge transfer, to create and develop knowledge,
which is made clear in the understanding knowledge in community development and can be improved to
answer important questions that how the human success condition in modern era, not only
technological progress, but also industrial development, and how do humans to coexist with
humans, with nature and the environment by the way in harmony and peace smoothly.
Therefore, the education management for community development should answer the question
above. The community development is a science of practice Theory of Practice that consists purpose in
the human resources development, fundament on assumption that give hope and confidence to the
principle as guidelines for the performance and imperativeness to control the accurate work.
Parichart Walaisathien, 2013
Although, often regarded the community development as a present model to answer in the tiny
villages. This is not true at all, the education and community development practice should learn from
the mistakes of the past, and focusing on the concept of self-help which by ignoring the change of social
structure. Then community development is carried out without taking into the social relations structure, but
focus only on livelihood and economic development. The impact to regressive in the community resources,
cause to the disparity in rights exploitation, and access to resources and social services. This ineffective
relationship both inside and outside community, and be the complex problem to resolved by a process
within the community itself.
Therefore, the social dynamics by knowledge based, the research and working experience in
academic services are important core. This achieved by expanding the knowledge and experience to the
extensively concrete to the community area. This may use the knowledge management or information
approach, and policy implementation at the local level, this affects to changing, self-determining to
ordinances, regulations, and benefits to the local community and society.
2.2 Piloting Community Approaches in Conflict Situation in Three Southernmost Provinces in
Thailand-CACS CACS was born of the third party collaboration
between the World Bank, Ministry of Finance, and Local Development Foundation in 2009-2012. CACS
has the objective to enhance an effective on community development by emphasized people
participation, which will create space and opportunities for interaction between members within
the community, between community, and community agencies and government officials. This pilot project
was expected to alleviate the conflict and unrest, and lead to creation of the trust, areas participation, and
creativities in Pattani, Yala, and Narathiwat province. The CACSs objectives are to 1 build trust
between people in the same community, between communities, and between communities and the state
in southern border 2 strengthening of community organizations, networks, civil society, and 3 build
and develop the local developers, new leaders, community leaders, and civil society in the deep
South, and 4 build knowledge of the local community and civil society to learn and expand to
support the development projects and to resolve efficiently the problem of the southern provinces.
Mariam Chaisuntna, 2013 CACS action supported to local communities
and civil society are two approaches; the way Peace- building Partnership Fund - PPF corresponds Suwat
Kongpan 2009 proposed peaceful and sustainable solution to the southern border under the essential
direction process. It can create the appearance of self- reliance of people. As well as, education reform
should consistent with the area based, and Community-driven Development Approach-CDD is
the community-based approach, which the center and a main driver to community development, as figure 1.
Figure1. CDD Process
2.3 Basic Information of the village 2.3.1
Baan Patabudee and Baan Dato, Laem Pho District
Laem Pho district have four villages that was raised to the Laem Pho Subdistrict Administrative
Organization. Laem Pho’s SAO. There are available away from Amphor Yaling to the northeast about 13
kilometers and away from the town of Pattani about 28 kilometers. Laem Pho’s SAO approximate area
10,439 hectares. The topography of the area has a keen mainland is bordered by the 2 sea, namely
Pattani Bay and the Gulf of Thailand. This make the most area has a sandy soil. It is influenced all
directions by winds. Therefore, the natural risk is very high, such as floods, storms and sea erosion.
Laem Pho’s SAO have fishing, commercial, and contractors occupations. The median income people
of 29,405 baht per person per year, with 5 of the minaret and 12 mosque; 1 high school, 3 elementary
schools, 2 child care center and 1 religious schools; 75 groceries, 10 retail fuel, and 5 purchased-sold aquatic
6. Transmittance, Maintenance
Project Finished 1. Area Team
Preparation 2. Social
Preparation Community
Development Plan
3. Writing Project Proposal
5. Sub Project Management
in Area 4. Project
Consideration Sub Project
Approval
Education and Leadership in Glocalization : What does “think globally, act locally” mean for education around the world?
21-24
2014
235
animal; within the community have spiritual leader, religious leader, and local wisdom leader.
Baan Patabudee is the old village, and has a long history of more hundreds of years. There is remains
historical mosque to education, and Dato Gubo To Bunyoung and Tuengu Pachar Cemetery. Have 503
households with a population of 2,976 persons, include: 1,464 males and 1,512 females.
Baan Dato is coastal area with a large catfish, in the past have called Talo Samilae that mean more
catfish. Have most of the professional fishermen and total 598 households with a population of 2,426
persons, include: 1,209 males and 1.217 females.
The 2 villages problem are encountered the disasters by natural changes, such as storms and
coastal erosion which damaged to the area and houses. The villagers plan to deal with problem such
news inform through the mosque before the accident or incident, given temporary refuge, to dredging, to
purchasing the fiber ship to help the victims, and to establishing disaster and natural centers.
2.3.2 Baan Sai-mor, Bangkhao Distrct
Baan Sai-mor is located from the Nongjig District about 4 kilometers and away from the town of
Pattani about 11 kilometers, with a total area of 2,154 hectares divided into residential 300 acres, farming
1,800 acres, and public area 54 acres. The topography of plain coast and Sai-mor River paralleled with the
village. Baan Sai-mor has fishing, contractors and agriculture occupations. The median income people of
25,000 baht per person per year, and total 108 households with a population of 853 persons include:
449 males and 404 females.
Baan Sai-mor has 1 mosque, 1 Motorcycle gas station, and 1 garage, as well as the public service in
the district such as the Child Development Centre, Primary School, newspapers station, and Subdistrict
Administrative Organization.
The village problems encountered is the impact arising from the change and country development;
especially mimic the urban life behavior. This make a superfluous cost, buy supplies that are not needed.
Using a credit card is also available for purchase some food rather than using community products, and more
vices to the peers and family. 2.3 Human Resources Development Concept
“Human resource” is similar definition with Human Development. Then the wider social means
“Human resources” is the measurement of the successful development and the maintenance of
society, including the creation of quality of life, whether the economy or technology progress. If done
without attention to human are managed properly or just in the boundaries and narrow definition. Despite
to create economic success and material wealth, but appear high disadvantage, such as labor problems,
ethical issues, environmental problems, and also quality of life, which all are becomes an impair
human resources sustainability. As the above, are consistent with Arasathamma
Phumma 2002, suggested that Human Resource
Development HRD as a part of human development, social development, socio-economic development,
technology, and others. These are simply to improve conditions of human development and society. The
human resource development is not the same as money supply, rate of aggregate demand, monetary
policy and other economic processes.
“The human resource development” is a development that is delayed process, so humans have
the need to be prepared and developed since childhood, such as be trained to cultivate with a good
education and social conditions. Then entering the working age as a productive factor or call “economic
animal”, they must have been continuously developing their knowledge as a resource to produce
the running of the productive organization, and contributed to the quality of life in the society,
including the maintenance of quality and integrity, to create peace for themselves and society. This ultimate
goal is well-being of human and social quality. Thongchai Sunthiwong, 1996
This article does not accepted the above human resources definition because consider human beings in
the economic animal meaning. Then “human resources development” should focuses on the human
mind, think tank about knowledge and change process, not just a member, and competent worker in
classic organization theory, personal or individuals not a part to implementation system or through
professional training, but they can select suitable learning process by themselves. These human
developments are the opportunity to learn and to increase the potential performance and operational
efficiency and effectiveness in community. Sunya Sunyawiwat, 2006; Danai Theanput, 1998; Chuchai
Smithikrai, 1998; Sunanta Laohanan, 2003 cited in Sumrit Yotsombat, 2006; Nongnuch Wongsuwon,
2003
cited in Sumrit Yotsombat, 2006; Sumrit Yotsombat, 2006.
The classic theory of human resource development that focus on improving the operational
staff in old organization style, not only concern human-centered development but also human valued.
As the other word, the economic investment just concern human capital as the asset and wealth center
of development. Then, the change leader should determine how the integration of internal and external
factors to the human resources development
processes for the efficient and effective human development.
3. Research Methodology
This study aims to analyze the learning process for human resources development in collaboration
community of practice COP on project support the local community in order to restore the southern
border.
Education and Leadership in Glocalization : What does “think globally, act locally” mean for education around the world?
21-24
2014
236
The 50 samples consisted of graduate workers, graduate motherland, staff of the Local Development
Institute LDI, and also people in Moo Moo 3 Baan Patabudee and 4 Baan Dato, Laem Pho District, and
Moo 6 Baan Sai-mor, Bangkhao Distrct in Pattani Province, were collected sampling with participant
observation and in-depth interviews, using content analysis and descriptive narrative.
4. Result and Discussion
