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Dibawah ini merupakan contoh closure keseimbangan parsial dengan penukaran.
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Untuk menentukan....... harga pasar, PM
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4.3.7. Agregasi dan Disagregasi Sektor dan Region
Penelitian ini menggunakan agregasi 14 negararegion termasuk rest of the world
da n 19 sektor. Justifikasi agregasi regional terfok us pada negara- negara yang merupakan produseneskportir dan importir komoditi beras, jagung dan
gandum. Sementara agregasi sektoral merepresentasikan pemetaan tiga komoditi pangan yang menjadi fokus utama penelitian yaitu beras, gandum dan jagung dan
komoditi pertanian lainnya. Sedangkan sektor untuk produk manufaktur diagregasi ke dalam beberapa sektor yang terkait dengan pengolahan produk
pertanian, sedangkan jasa diagregasi menjadi satu sektor. Data dasar model GTAP versi 7 memuat antara lain: tabel input-output I-
O, nilai tambah sektor produksi, nilai input primer dan input antara, perdagangan bilateral, transportasi, tingkat proteksi, pajak dan subsidi dari 113 region dan 57
sektor. Untuk keperluan penelitian ini, data dasar tersebut akan diagregasi menjadi 14 region dan 19 sektor yang relevan dengan tujuan penelitian.
i
tingkat output, Qoi pendapatan regional
jika penukaran beberapa variabel di atas
174
Tabe l 20. Agregasi Sektoral dan RegionNegara
No. Sektor No
NegaraWilayah
1 Paddyrice
1 Australia
2 Wheat
2 Rusia
3 Cereal grains nec Maize
3 China
4 Vegetables, fruit, nuts
4 Indo nesia
5 Oilseed
5 Thailand
6 Sugar cane, sugar beet
6 Vietnam
7 Cattle,sheep,goats,horses
7 India
8 Raw milk
8 United States of America
9 Forestry
9 Brazil
10 Fishing
10 Philipina
11 Other Agriculture
11 EU
12 Meat: cattle,sheep,goats,horse 12
Pakistan 13
Vegetable oils and fats 13
Bangladesh 14
Sugar 14
RestofWorld 15
Food and Beverage 16
Leather products 17
Mining, Oil,and Gas 18
Manufacturing products 19
Services
Sumber: GTAP Database Versi 7, 2008
Keempa t belas region yang diagregasi tersebut meliputi Indo nesia, Thailand, Vietnam, China, India, Philipina, Brazil, USA, Australia, EU, Rusia,
Pakistan, Bangladesh, dan RestofWorld. Selanjutnya dari 57 sektor dalam data dasar GTAP diagregasi menjadi 19 sektor yang menggambarkan produk pertanian
yang diperda gangka n diantara keempat belas negara tersebut. Dalam agregasi sektoral, komoditi pertanian yang mencakup produk pertanian pangan, kehutanan,
perika nan da n peternaka n tidak diagregasi, kecuali untuk komoditi yang sangat berdekatan, seperti: gula, gula bit, dan gula tebu diagregasi menjadi gula. Hal ini
disesuaikan dengan fokus penelitian, yaitu menganalisis dampak pe ruba han iklim terhadap produktivitas dan produksi dan perdagangan produk pertanian.
175
Sedangkan sektor manufaktur diagregasi ke dalam satu sektor manufaktur. Untuk sektor jasa seluruhnya diagregasi menjadi satu ke dalam kelompok jasa.
Untuk melakuka n agregasi region dan sektor tersebut, pertama–tama disusun file pemetaan agregasi antara sektor yang terdapat pada model GTAP
standar dengan sektor yang diinginkan dalam penelitian. Selanjutnya pemetaan tersebut di run dengan program DataAgg yang ada di dalam GTAP versi 7
sehingga dihasilkan header array file, parameter, dan setting sesuai dengan agregasi sektor da n region yang dikehendaki. Daftar agregasi region dan sektor
yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini selengkapnya disajikan pada Tabel 21 dan Tabe l 22.
Tabe l 21. Agregasi Region
No. Code
Description
1 AUS
Australia 2
RUS Russian Federation
3 CHN
China 4
PHL Philipina
5 IDN
Indo nesia 6
DEU European Union: Austria, Belgium, Cypr us, Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands,
Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, United Kingdom, Germany, France, Switzerland, Norway
7 PAK
Pakistan 8
THA Thailand
9 VNM
Vietnam 10
IND India
11 BGD
Bangladesh 12
USA United States of America
13 BRA
Brazil
Sumber: Database GTAP versi 7, 2008
176
Tabe l 21. Agregasi Region Lanjutan
No. Code
Description
14 RestofWorld Bangladesh, Rest of Oceania, Sri Lanka, Rest of South Asia,
Mexico, Rest of North America, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay, Venezuela, Rest of
South America, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Nicaragua, Panama, Rest of Central America, Caribbean, Bulgaria, Belarus,
Croatia, Romania, Russian Federation, Ukraine, Rest of Eastern Europe, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Rest of Former
Soviet Union, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Islamic Republic of Iran, Rest of Western Asia, Egypt, Morocco,
Tunisia, Rest of North Africa, Nigeria, Senegal, Rest of Western Africa, Rest of Central Africa, Rest of South
Central, Africa, Ethiopia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritius, Mozambique, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Rest
of Eastern Africa, Botswana, Rest of South African Customs Union, Rest of EFTA, Albania, Cambodia, Lao Peoples
Democratic Republic, Myanmar, Singapore, Rest of Southeast Asia, Hong Kong, Korea, Taiwan, Rest of East
Asia.
Sumber: Database GTAP versi 7, 2008
Tabe l 22. Agregasi Sektor
No Code
Sector Aggregation
Description
1 Pdr
Paddyrice Paddy Rice: rice, husked and unhusked;
2 Wht
Wheat Wheat: wheat and meslin;
3 Gro
Cereal grains nec maize
Other Grains: maize corn, barley, rye, oats, other cereals
4 V_f
Vegetables, fruit, nuts
Veg Fruit: vegetables, fruitvegetables, fruit and nuts, potatoes, cassava, truffles,
5 Osd
Oilseed Oil Seeds: oil seeds and oleaginous fruit; soy beans,
copra 6
C_b Sugar cane,
sugar beet Sugar; Cane Beet: sugar cane and sugar beet
7 Ctl
Cattle,sheep, goats,horses
Cattle: cattle, sheep, goats, horses, asses, mules, and hinnies; and semen thereof
8 Rmk
Raw milk Raw milk; Milk: dairy products
9 Frs
Forestry Forestry: forestry, logging and related service activities
10 Fsh Fishing
Fishing: hunting, trapping and game propagation
Sumber: Database GTAP versi 7, 2008
177
Tabe l 22. Agregasi Sektor Lanjutan
No Code
Sector Aggregation
Description
including related service activities, fishing, fish farms; service activities incidental to fishing
11 Meat
Meat: cattle,sheep,g
oats,horse Cattle Meat: fresh or chilled meat and edible
offal of cattle, sheep, goats, horses, asses, mules, and hinnies. raw fats or grease from any animal
or bird; Other Meat: pig meat and offal. preserves and preparations of meat, meat offal or
blood, flours, meals and pellets of meat or inedible meat offal; greaves
12 Vol
Vegetable oils and fats
Vegetable Oils: crude and refined oils of soya- bean, maize corn,olive, sesame, ground-nut,
olive, sunflower-seed, safflower, cotton-seed, rape, colza and canola, mustard, coconut palm,
palm kernel, castor, tung jojoba, babassu and linseed, perhaps partly or wholly
hydrogenated,inter- esterified, re-esterified or elaidinised. Also
margarine and similar preparations, animal or vegetable waxes, fats and oils and their fractions,
cotton linters, oil-cake and other solid residues resulting from the extraction of vegetable fats or
oils; flours and meals of oil seeds or oleaginous fruits, except those of mustard; degras and other
residues resulting from the treatment of fatty substances or animal or vegetable waxes.
13 Lea
Leather products
Leather: tanning and dressing of leather; luggage, handbags, saddlery, harness and
footwear
14 Othagric
Other Agriculture
Plant Fibres: cotton, flax, hemp, sisal and other raw vegetable materials used in textiles; Other
Crops: live plants; cut flowers and flower buds; flower seeds and fruit seeds; vegetable seeds,
beverage and spice crops, unmanufactured tobacco, cereal straw and husks, unprepared,
whether or not chopped, ground, pressed or in the form of pellets; swedes, mangolds, fodder roots,
hay, lucerne alfalfa, clover, sainfoin, forage kale, lupines, vetches and similar forage products,
whether or not in the form of pellets, plants and parts of plants used primarily in perfumery, in
pharmacy, or for insecticidal, fungicidal or similar purposes,
Sumber: Database GTAP versi 7, 2008
178
Tabel 22. Agregasi Sektor Lanjutan
No Code
Sector Aggregation
Description
sugar beet seed and seeds of forage plants, other raw vegetable materials, Other Animal Products:
swine, poultry and other live animals; eggs, in shell fresh or cooked, Natural honey, snails
fresh or preserved except sea snails; frogs legs, edible products of animal origin n.e.c., hides,
skins and furskins, raw , insect waxes and spermaceti, whether or not refined or coloured;
Other Food: prepared and preserved fish or vegetables, fruit juices and vegetable juices,
prepared and preserved fruit and nuts, all cereal flours, groats, meal and pellets of wheat, cereal
groats, meal and pellets n.e.c., other cereal grain products including corn flakes, other vegetable
flours and meals, mixes and doughs for the preparation of bakers wares, starches and starch
products; sugars and sugar syrups n.e.c., preparations used in animal feeding, bakery
products, cocoa, chocolate and sugar confectionery, macaroni, noodles, couscous and
similar farinaceous products, food products n.e.c.; Wool: wool, silk, and other raw animal materials
used in textile
15 Sgr
Sugar Sugar
16 fdbvrg
Food and Beverage
Dairy products; Food products nec; Beverages and tobacco products.
17 mining
Mining, Oil,and Gas
Coal; Oil; Gas; Minerals nec; Petroleum, coal products; Mineral products nec; Ferrous metals;
Metals nec; Metal products.
18 manufac
Manufacturin g products
Textiles; Wearing apparel; Wood products; Paper products, publishing;
Chemical,rubber,plastic prods; Motor vehicles and parts; Transport
19 Svc
service Electricity; Gas manufacture, distribution;
Water; Construction; Trade; Transport nec; Sea transport; Air transport; Communication;
Financial services nec; Insurance; Business services nec; Recreation and other services;
PubAdminDefenceHealthEducat; Dwellings.
Sumber: Database GTAP versi 7, 2008
4.3.8. Penutup Makroekonomi Jangka Panjang
