The Analysis of the Kinds of Translation Variations of Address Forms

lxx The fourth step of this analysis is analyzing the quality assessment toward the accuracy and the acceptability of the translation. As stated by Baker 1992: 57, accuracy means that the message of the original text is transferred in the target language text correctly. Meanwhile, acceptability is strongly related to the naturalness of the translation. In detail, all of this step will be described deeply as follows,

1. The Analysis of the Kinds of Translation Variations of Address Forms

The variations of the translation of address forms happened because of the variety of both English and Indonesian address forms. a. Second Person Pronouns You The data belonging to this classification are the data containing the English address forms in the form of English second person pronoun, you. The English pronoun you is translated into Indonesian variously. It can be translated into kau, anda, -mu from kamu, kalian for plural. The 2nd person pronouns can also be substituted by other expressions which are refering to the same meaning or even translated into zero form. The classification of the data will be clarified by the table below. Table 4.2 The Translation Variations of English Address Forms lxxi In the Form of Second Person Pronoun No. SL TL Data Data Number 1. You Kau 130 001,003,006,007,010,011,016,017,023,024,028, 029,032,033,036,041,042,045,048,049,055,057, 058,059,063,064,065,069,070,074,076,077,079, 081,094,096,103,104,105,106,107,108,109,111,113, 114,115,116,117,118,119,129,133,137,139,143,145, 146,147,149,159,160,161,162,163,164,165,170,172, 173,174,175,186,188,189,190,192,194,198,199,200 ,205,207209,210,212,215,221,225,230,232,234,235, 236,244,251,252,253,254,263,266,268,269,270,272 273,274,275,276,277,279,280,281,288,289,290,291 293,294,297,298,299,300,301,303,310,312,314,321, 326. Anda 13 052,053,183,184,187,208,211,246,247,256,257, 258,307. -mu from kamu 32 003,005,008,012,017,025,027,029,043,047,049, 065,077,110,112,136,157,159,171,186,208,214, 233,240,261,265,271,273,278,282,307,318. Kalian 6 061,226,309,324,325,331 Bapa 1 138 Tuan Tuanku, Nyonya 10 020,021,034,073,084,089,150,152,222,224 θ 8 014,030,075,078,086,131,158,260 Total 200 8 data have more than one form of pronoun. The disscussion of some examples of the data are presented below, Examples: 1. SL: You are charged with debauchery, trespass, heresy. To wit: fornicating with a novice. TL: Kau ditahan atas tindak asusila, menyusup dan melanggar ajaran gereja. 017CsvD110:15 The above example is found in one part of the movie in which Dalfonso, the Inquisitor of Venice was really angry with Casanova since he’s caught leaving the bedroom of a novice nun. He decided to arrest Casanova because of lxxii that embarrassing act. As seen, you which refers to Casanova uttered by Dalfonso, the inquisitor of Venice is translated into kau. 2. SL: You know, I always wondered what you’ve looked like. TL: Aku selama ini penasaran seperti apa rupa Anda. 052CsvD117:13 The example above is found in one part of the movie in which Signor Donato expressed his surprise by saying this kind of statement after seeing Casanova, a man who proposes to marry his daughter. As seen, you which refers to Casanova uttered by Signor Donato is translated into Anda. 3. SL: What, are you working together now?Lupo. TL: Kalian sekarang bekerja sama? 061CsvD119:40 The above example is found in one part of the movie in which Casanova saw his manservant, Lupo put Giovanni’s glove, whereas in fact, Giovanni was the man who asked a duel with Casanova. As seen, you which refers to Lupo and Giovanni uttered by Casanova is translated into kalian plural form of you. b. Kinship Terms As stated in chapter II, English kinships system consist of second generation previous, previous generation, same generation, next generation and second generation following which are lineal, colineal and ablineal. In this movie, I only found English kinship terms in lineal previous generation which are mother and mom translated into Ibu. Meanwhile, papá and mama belonging lxxiii to Italian kinship terms are translated into the same way. The following section represents the translation of kinship terms, Table 4.3 The Translation Variations of English Kinship Terms No. SL TL Data Data Number 1. Mother Ibu 5 004,044,046,101,220 2. Mom Ibu 1 315 Total 6 Table 4.4 The Translation Variations of Italian Kinship Terms No. SL TL Data Data Number 1. Papá Papa 1 056 2. Mama Mama 1 093 Total 2 The discussion of some examples of the data are presented below, Example: 1. SL: Mother, I don’t want to marry him. TL: Ibu, aku ta k ingin menikahinya. 044CsvD116:01 The above example is found in one part of the movie in which Francesca has been engaged to a wealthy merchant from Genoa named Papprizzio, a man she’s never met. Therefore, she told her mother about that. As seen, mother which refers to her mother, Mrs. Bruni uttered by Francesca is translated into Ibu. 2. SL: I want him, please, please, Papá. I’ll never be happy without him. TL: Aku menginginkannya. Aku mohon, Papa. Aku takkan bahagia tanpa dirinya. lxxiv 056CsvD118:29 The above example is found in one part of the movie in which Victoria begged her father, Mr. Donato to change his mind and accept Casanova’s proposal to marry her. As seen, papá which refers to Victoria’s father uttered by Victoria is translated into the same way papa. c. Titles The data belonging to this classification are those containing the address forms in the form of titles. Here, the data contain not only English titles but also Italian titles; since the data are taken from a film which has Italian background. The English titles are classified into three forms; they are English Profession Title EPT and English Nickname Title ENT and English Hierarchical Title EHT. All of them are translated into Indonesian title. However, there is a changed translation in which the English Hierarchical Title is translated into zero form. The following table shows the translation variations of English titles. Table 4.5 The Translation Variations of English Title No . SL TL Data Data Number 1. EPT IPT Father Bapa 1 022 Bishop Bapa Uskup 4 135,179,182,187 Your Eminence Bapa Suci 2 306,311 θ 1 264 Your Reverence Bapa Uskup 3 213,248,249 Yang Mulia 1 305 lxxv No . SL TL Data Data Number Inquisitor Penyelidik Gereja 1 018 Your Excellency Bapa Uskup Bapa 2 177,237 2. SL TL Data Number Data ENT INT Sir, Dear Sir TuanPak 22 038,060,062,071,083,099,126,128,130, 132,140,144,152,153,156,216,218,237, 239,243,304,327. Master Tuan 5 068,087,142,191,329 No. SL TL Data Data Number 3. EHT IHT Prince Pangeran 1 020 Your Excellency Yang Mulia 1 026 Your Raised Yang Mulia 1 227 My Lord Tuanku 2 295,302 Total 47 The discussion of some examples of the data are presented below, Examples of English Titles: 1. SL: Your Excellency, all I do is worshipping beauty. There is no harm in that, isn’t that? TL: Yang Mulia, aku memuja kecantikan. Itu tak ada salahnya, bukan? 026CsvD112:32 The above example is found in one part of the movie in which Casanova still argued about his attitude after rescued by the Doge of Venice lxxvi from the supreme pinalty. As seen, Your Excellency which refers to the Doge of Venice uttered by Casanova is translated into Yang Mulia. 2. SL: What kind of moral problem, Bishop? TL: Masalah moral apa, Bapa? 182CsvD206:11 The above examples is found in one part of the movie in which Bishop Pucci, one of the most fearsome inquisitors from Vatican attended to Bruni’s house. Here, Francesca Bruni, a young woman with a brain far in advance of her time asked the Bishop why he came to Venice. Then, Bishop Pucci told that he came there to solve some kind of moral problem. Francesca who is still curious about that keeps asking questions to the Bishop. As seen, Bishop which refers to bishop Pucci uttered by Francesca is translated into Bapa. 3. SL: I swear, on my honor, Sir. TL: Aku bersumpah, demi kehormatanku, Tuan. 153CsvD200:43 The above example is found in one part of the movie in which Mr. Papprizzio promised not to tell anyone about the truth identity of Casanova as Bernardo Guardi, the author of the feminist books who is chased by the Bishop Pucci. As seen, Sir which refers to Casanova uttered by Mr. Papprizio is translated into Tuan. Meanwhile, the classification of the data of Italian titles found in the movie are consist of Italian Nickname Title ItNT such as Signore, Signor, lxxvii Signorina and Signora and Italian Profession Title ItPT which is Doge. They will be clarified in the table below, Table 4.6 The Translation Variation of Italian Title No. Kind of Title Source Language Target Language Data Data Number 1. ItNT Signor Signor 1 203 Signore Signore 2 193,231 Tuan 2 110,173 2. Signorina Signorina 3 122,261,284 3. Signora Signora 1 323 4. ItPT Doge Doge 1 255 Total 10 The discussion of some examples of the data are presented below, Examples: 1. SL: Signore, Bishop Pucci wishes to see you. TL: Signor, Uskup Pucci ingin bertemu. 203CsvD210:31 The above example is found in one part of the movie in which Andolini, Pucci’s servant, pushed Casanova to follow him to come to bishop Pucci’s office for an investigation purpose. As seen, Signore wich refers to Casanova uttered by Andolini is translated in the same way or still maintained the original term, Signor. 2. SL: Signorina, I was afraid I’ve lost you TL: Signorina, aku takut kehilanganmu. 261CsvD227:04 The above example is found in one part of the movie in which Casanova who at that time pretended as Lord Papprizzio followed Francesca Bruni out of the ball lxxviii room party and said it to her. As seen, Signorina which refers to Francesca Bruni uttered by Casanova is translated into the same way Signorina. d. Names The data that belong to this classification are the data containing address forms in the form of names. There are four forms of name; FN First Name, LN Last Name, CN Complete Name and TLN Title plus Last Name. Here, the title plus last name consists of English title plus last name and also Italian title plus last name. As the same with English title, Italian title is followed by last name. Meanwhile, there are 5 names which are not translated. The classifications of the data are explained in the table below. Table 4.7 The Translation Variation of Name No SL TL Data Data Number 1. FN FN 43 002,009,019,031,035,037,039,040,055,061,085, 088,090,091,092,097,098,100,124,125,127,141, 151,155,167,168,181,185,196,197,201,202,204, 206,214,229,242,271,273,285,322,326,330 θ 4 041,148,166,250. 2. LN LN 7 012,025,120,121,195,282,313 3. CN CN 1 154 4. ETLN ITLN 4 022,134,183,286 Italian TLN Italian TLN 31 006,023,050,051,053,054,066,072,079,080,107, 109,116,171,178,184,188,208,217,219,223,226, 238,241,246,259,262,265,267,282,292 θ 1 211 5. ENT INT 2 158,164 Total 93 1 datum has more than one form of name. It consists of Last name and Italian title plus Last Name. The discussion of some examples of the data are presented below, Examples: 1. SL: Giacomo, you’ll be good for your grandmother. lxxix TL: Giacomo, jangan nakal pada nenekmu. 002CsvD101:50 The above example is found in one part of the movie in which Casanova’s mother would leave Casanova. As seen, Giocomo which refers to Casanova uttered by Casanova’s mother is translated into the same way, First Name Giacomo. 2. SL: A swore honest, Bernardo Guardi. TL: Janji tulusku, Bernardo Guardi. 154CsvD200:47 The above example is found in one part of the movie in which Casanova who pretended as Bernardo Guardi asked Papprizzio not to tell anyone about his identity. Then, Papprizzio promised to Casanova about that. As seen, Bernardo Guardi refers to Casanova uttered by Mr. Papprizzio is translated into Complete Name too, Bernardo Guardi. 3. SL: Signorina Bruni, my name is not Salvato. You see in front of you is the most devoted and fortunated fiancé, Pietro Papprizzio, all away from Genoa. TL: Signorina Bruni, na maku bukan Salvato. Didepanmu adalah tunanganmu yang sangat beruntung, Pietro Papprizzio, datang dari Genoa. 171CsvD203:32 The above example is found in one part of the movie in which Casanova used this situation to make a lie confession that he was Francesca’s fiancé since Francesca Bruni has never seen Lord Pietro Papprizzio, her fiancé. Here, he pretended as Pietro Papprizzio in Bruni’s house. As seen, Signorina lxxx Bruni which refers to Francesca Bruni uttered by Casanova is translated into the same way Title plus Last Name, Signorina Bruni. 4. SL; Actually, Your Eminence, I believe it’s because hot air rises, counteracting the gravitational forces of…witch craft. TL: Sebenarnya, itu ka rena tekanan udara pa nas terhadap gravitasi…ilmu sihir. The above example is found in one part of the movie in which Andolini, bishop Pucci’s staff tried to explain to his master about air balloon but stopped it suddenly when his master looked at him angrily and agreed it was a witch craft. As seen, Your Eminence which refers to Bishop Pucci uttered by Andolini is not translated or omitted by the translator. e. Endearments and Other Expressions As stated in chapter II, Endearments are used by the addresser to express an affectionate feeling, intimacy while Other Expressions are used to express admiration, mock, anger or even humilliate the addressee depending on the situation. Here are the data belonging to the translation variations in the form of endearments, Table 4.8 The Translation Variations of Endearment SL TL Data Number Data Endearment Darling Sayang 5 215, 316,317,319, 320 My darling Sayang 3 102,123,228 lxxxi SL TL Data Number Data My dear man Tuan 1 161 My dear Anakku 2 180,287 θ 1 288 My baby Sayang 1 321 My dear friend Sahabatku 1 328 The love of my life Cintaku 1 313 Total 15 Below is the example of translation variation of endearments, Example: SL: How can I help you, My dear? TL: Apa yang bisa kubantu, Anakku? 287CsvD234:27 The above example is found in one part of the movie in which Bishop Pucci welcomed and offered a help to Victoria who felt hurt with Casanova. As seen, My dear which refers to Victoria uttered by Bishop Pucci is translated into Anakku. Meanwhile, the data belonging to the translation variations in the form of other expression can be seen in the table below, Table 4.9 The Translation of Other Forms of Expression. SL TL Data Number Data Other expression Gentlemen Tuan-Tuan saudara2 2 015,013 θ 2 067,176 Venesians Warga Venesia 1 308 Maestro Maestro 2 192,194 lxxxii SL TL Data Number Data Stupid Bodoh 1 245 Total 8 Example: SL: Is that you, Maestro? TL: Kaukah itu, Maestro? 194CsvD209:21 The above example is found in one part of the movie in which Lord Papprizzio asked for a help from Casanova who at that time pretended as Bernardo Guardi to slim his body. Then, Casanova gave Papprizzio an ingredient and left him with his servant. When he came back, Lord Papprizzio called him to make sure that the ingredients were working. As seen, Maestro which refers to Casanova uttered by Mr. Papprizzio is translated into the same way, Maestro.

2. The Analysis of the Strategies in Translating Address Forms