Type of the Research Data and Data Sources

D. Data Collecting Technique

In this study, a library research is conducted by the researcher to collect the data since the data source is a written language. The observation method as proposed by Suharsimi Arikunto 2010:199 includes focusing attention to an object using all the senses also applied in this study. The technique is done by observing and recording carefully. In collecting the data in this study, the English short stories and their translation into Bahasa Indonesia are observed and documented as the data by the researcher. The sentences which contain conjunctive relations in the original short stories are taken as the data. The data is used in this research constitutes sentences which are contain conjunctive relation. That sentence in the English and Bahasa Indonesia texts which has conjunctive relation is written and classified in the data sheet with a given code. The codes of the data consist of the code which indicates the type of the conjunctive relation, the translation procedure, and shift of the conjunctive relation. The example of the data sheet is in the Table 4 and the information of the data codes are in the Table 5 below. Table 4. The Example of the Data Sheet SHORT STORY 1 NO SOURCE EXPRESSION TARGET EXPRESSION CODE CR TP SC 1 Look at them, he said. Now is it sight or is it scent that brings them like that? 58 Coba kau a ati buru g- buru g itu,’ kata ya. Nah, coba tebak, indera penglihatan ataukah indera penciuman yang e buat ereka begitu?’ 2 CON MOD - Table 5. Information of the Data Codes CONJUNCTIVE RELATION CR No Types of Relation FormsExpressions Code 1 Additive ADD 1 Simple 1 a additive and, and also 1.1 b negative nor, and… not 1.2 c alternative or, or else 1.3 2 Complex, emphatic 2 a additive furthermore, add to that 2.1 b alternative alternatively 2.2 3 Complex, de- emphatic by the way, incidentally 3 4 Apposition 4 a expository that is, in other words 4.1 b exemplificatory Thus 4.2 5 Comparison 5 a Similar likewise, in the same way 5.1 b dissimilar on the other hand, by contrast 5.2 2 Adversative ADV 1 Adversative „proper’ 1 a Simple yet, though, only 1.1 b + „and’ But 1.2 c emphatic however, even so, all 1.3 2 Contrastive Avowal in point of fact, actually, as a matter of fact 2 3 Contrastive Relations 3 a Simple but, and 3.1 b emphatic however, conversely, on the other hand 3.2 4 Correction 4 a of meaning instead, rather, on the contrary 4.1 b of wording at least, I mean 4.2 5 Dismissive relations 5 a Closed in any case, in either case, whichever 5.1