Business risks continued Risiko Keuangan Financial risk

518 Laporan Tahunan PERTAMINA 2014 | PERTAMINA Annual Report 2014 PT PERTAMINA PERSERO DAN ENTITAS ANAKAND SUBSIDIARIES Lampiran 5151 Schedule CATATAN ATAS LAPORAN KEUANGAN KONSOLIDASIAN 31 DESEMBER 2014 DAN 2013 Dinyatakan dalam ribuan Dolar Amerika Serikat, kecuali dinyatakan lain NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 31 DECEMBER 2014 AND 2013 Expressed in thousands of US Dollars, unless otherwise stated 46. KEBIJAKAN MANAJEMEN RISIKO lanjutan

46. RISK MANAGEMENT POLICY continued a. Risiko usaha lanjutan

a. Business risks continued

V. Grup tergantung kepada kemampuan manajemen untuk mengembangkan cadangan yang ada, mengganti cadangan yang ada dan mengembangkan cadangan tambahan. V. The Group is dependent on management’s ability to develop existing reserves, replace existing reserves and develop additional reserves. VI. Sebagian besar pendapatan Grup berasal dari penjualan jenis BBM tertentu yang disubsidi pemerintah. VI. A substantial part of the Group’s revenues is derived from sales of subsidised certain fuel BBM products by the Government. b. Risiko Keuangan b. Financial risk Risiko keuangan meliputi risiko pasar, kredit dan likuiditas. Financial risk includes market, credit and liquidity risks.

I. Risiko pasar

I. Market risk

Risiko pasar adalah risiko dimana nilai wajar arus kas di masa datang dari suatu instrumen keuangan akan berfluktuasi karena adanya perubahan harga pasar. Market risk is the risk that the fair value of future cash flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate because of changes in market prices. Faktor-faktor risiko pasar tersebut adalah: The market risk factors are as follows: i Risiko nilai tukar mata uang asing i Foreign exchange risk Pendapatan Grup ditentukan berdasarkan pergerakan MOPS yang akan dibayarkan secara terpisah baik oleh masyarakat dan Pemerintah Indonesia dalam bentuk subsidi produk BBM dan LPG. Adanya peraturan di Indonesia yang mengharuskan transaksi dalam mata uang Rupiah sementara sebagian besar biaya operasi khususnya untuk pengadaan minyak mentah dan produk minyak dilakukan dalam mata uang Dolar AS, dapat menyebabkan risiko nilai tukar mata uang asing terhadap kas dan setara kas, piutang usaha, piutang Pemerintah, utang usaha, pinjaman jangka pendek, utang Pemerintah dan liabilitas jangka panjang. Group revenues are determined by the movement of MOPS, which will be paid separately by the public and the Government of Indonesia in the form of subsidised fuel products and LPG products. Regulation of laws in Indonesia require transactions to be made in Rupiah, while most of the operating costs particularly for the procurement of crude oil and oil products are made in US Dollars, which can lead to foreign exchange risks for cash and cash equivalents, trade receivables, due from the Government, trade payables, short- term loans, due to the Government and long-term liabilities. Grup memitigasi risiko nilai tukar mata uang asing secara alami melalui pengelolaan arus kas secara efektif. The Group naturally mitigates foreign exchange risks through the effective management of its cash flows. 519 Laporan Tahunan PERTAMINA 2014 | PERTAMINA Annual Report 2014 PT PERTAMINA PERSERO DAN ENTITAS ANAKAND SUBSIDIARIES Lampiran 5152 Schedule CATATAN ATAS LAPORAN KEUANGAN KONSOLIDASIAN 31 DESEMBER 2014 DAN 2013 Dinyatakan dalam ribuan Dolar Amerika Serikat, kecuali dinyatakan lain NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 31 DECEMBER 2014 AND 2013 Expressed in thousands of US Dollars, unless otherwise stated 46. KEBIJAKAN MANAJEMEN RISIKO lanjutan

46. RISK MANAGEMENT POLICY continued b. Risiko keuangan lanjutan

b. Financial risk continued I.