Kesimpulan Saran KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN

DAFTAR PUSTAKA Acamovic T, Brooker JD. 2005. Biochemistry of plant secondary metabolites and their effects in animals. Camb J 64:403-412. Agus. 2009. Pengaruh taraf pemberian tepung daun bangun-bangun Coleus amboinicus Lour dalam ransum induk babi menyusui terhadap nilai ekonomi penampilan anak babi sapihan [skripsi]. Bogor : Fakultas Peternakan, Institut Pertanian Bogor. Alberta Agriculture. 1983. Alberta Pork Production. Handbook. Alberta Agriculture, Pork Branch. Alexander G, Signoret JP, Hafez ESE. 1980. Sexual, maternal and neonatal behavior. Di dalam: Hafez ESE, editor. Reproduction in Farm Animal. Philadelpia: Lea Febiger. hlm 304-334. Anderson J. 1980. Pigs. Di dalam: Hafez ESE, editor. Reproduction in Farm Animal. Philadelpia: Lea Febiger.hlm 358-386. Anderson LL, Rathmacher RP, Melampy RM. 1966. The uterus and unilateral regresion of corpora lutea in pig. J Anim. Physiol 210:611-614. Allen G. 2006. Cuban oregano Plectranthus amboinicus. [terhubung berkala]. http:www.cubaoregano.com [25 Mei 2009]. Amrik B, Bilkei G. 2004. Influence of farm application of oregano on performances of sows. [terhubung berkala]. Can Vet J. 45 [Anonymous]. 2008. Coleus amboinicus Lour. [terhubung berkala]. : 674–677 [14 Mei 2009]. http:bebas.vlsm.org [14 Mei 2009]. Asih RS. 2003. Produksi Ternak Babi. Laporan teaching grant. Departemen pendidikan Nasional Universitas Mataram. Belstra BA. 2003. Parity associated changes in reproductive performance: phisiological basis or record keeping artifact. [terhubung berkala]. http: www. mark. asci. nscu. eduswine reports2003belstra.htm [BPPT] Badan Pengkajian Penerapan Teknologi. 2002. Jintan Coleus amboinicus. [terhubung berkala]. [13 September 2010]. http:www.iptek.net.id [25 April 2009]. Burfield T. 2001. The Seychelles : Aromatic journey notes. India. [terhubung berkala]. http:www.users.globalnet.co.uk [20 April 2009]. Castillejos L, Calsamiglia S, Ferret A, Kamel C. 2006. Effects of natural plants extract on rumen microbial fermentation and nutrient flow in vitro systems. J Dairy Sci 89:2649-2658. Choocoat D, Sriubolmas N, De-eknamkulc W, Ruangrungsi N. 2005. Antimicrobial activities of the essential oils from thai lamiaceous plants. J Apll Michr 88:317-322. [terhubung berkala]. http:www.tistr.or [20 April 2009]. Cross DE, McD Devitt RM, Hillman K, Acamovic T. 2007. The effect of herbs and their associated essential oils on performance, dietary digestibility and gut microflora in chikens from 7 to 28 days of age. Brith Poul Sci 48:496- 506 Damanik R et al. 2001. Consumption of bangun-bangun leaves Coleus amboinicus Lour to increase breast milk production among Bataknesse women in North Sumatera Island, Indonesia. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society of Australia. 25:S67 . Damanik R, Wahlqvist ML, Wattanapenpaiboon. 2006. Lactagogue effects of bangun-bangun, a Bataknese traditional cuisine. APJCN Day BN. 1972. Reproduction of swine. Di dalam: Hafez ESE editor. Reproduction in Farm Animal. Philadelpia: Lea Febiger. hlm 521-545. 15 2:267-274 Delaval . 2008. Milking Technology. Di dalam : Delaval editor. The Lactating Dairy Cow. USA: Delaval Publishing. [Terhubung berkala]. http:www.milkproduction.com library [10 Januari 2010]. Devendra C, Fuller MF. 1979. Pig Production in Tropics. Oxford University Press. [Depkes] Departemen Kesehatan. 2005. Botani, sinonim nama umum dan nama dagang daun bangun-bangun. Jakarta. [terhubung berkala]. http:www.iptek.apjii.or.id [28 April 2009]. Duke. 2000. Dr. Duke’s contituens and ethnobotanical databases. Phytochemical database, USDA-ARS-NGRL. [terhubung berkala].http:www.ars- grin.govcgi-binduke farmacy -sc ro||3.p| [20 April 2009]. Eusebio JA. 1980. Pig Production In The Tropics. Longman Group. Ltd. Foote RH. 1980. Artificial insemination. Di dalam: Hafez ESE editor. Reproduction in Farm Animal. Philadelpia: Lea Febiger. hlm 521-545. Gardner JAA, Dunkin AC, Lioyd LC. 1990. Pig Production in Australia. Sydney. Butterworths. Goodwin DH. 1974. Pig Management and Production. National book store, inc. Gunter KD, Bossow H. 1998. The effect of etheric oil from Origanum vulgaris Ropadiar in the feed ration of weaned pigs on their daily feed intake, daily gains and food utilization Abstract. Proc 15th Int Pig Vet Soc Congr, Birmingham. 1998:223. Hafez ESE. 1980. Reproduction in Farm Animals. 4 th Hamilton CJ. 2004. Mexicant Mint. Cuba: Infomed. [terhubung berkala]. Edition. Philadelpia: Lea and Febiger. http: www. scienceviews. com photo library [15 Hartmann PE, Holmes MA. 1989. Sow lactation. Di dalam: Autralasian Pig Science. Melbourne: Association Publication. hlm. 72-79. Mei 2009]. Hartoyo B. 1995. Pengaruh taraf dan waktu pemberian lemak dalam ransum induk bunting terhadap penampilan induk dan anak babi [Tesis]. Bogor. Sekolah Pascasarjana, Institut Pertanian Bogor. Herawaty M. 2006. Pengaruh sistem pengawinan inseminasi buatan dan alami dan paritas induk babi terhadap litter size di usaha peternakan babi PT Adhi Farm [Skripsi]. Bogor . Fakultas Peternakan, Institut Pertanian Bogor. Herman, R. 2003. Budidaya Ternak Ruminansia Kecil. Bogor: Fakultas Peternakan,Institut Pertanian Bogor. Heyne K. 1987. Tumbuhan Berguna Indonesia, Jilid III. Diterjemahkan oleh Badan Litbang Kehutanan. Jakarta;Yayasan Sarana Jaya. Hughes PE dan Varley MA. 2004. Life Time Performance of The Sow. Australia: Pig and Poultry Production Institute. Hurley WL. 2007. Lactation biology. Urbana-Champaign, Departement of animal Science, University of Illinois. [terhubung berkala]. http;www.classes.ansc.uiuc.edu [8 Juni 2009]. Hutajulu TF, Irma H, Rienoviar S, Dede, Meity S. 2008. Isolasi dan identifikasi senyawa flavanoid dan alkaloid dari herba bangun-bangun Coleus amboinicus Lour dan katuk Sauropus androgynus L Merr. Bogor: Laporan Penelitian. BBIA. Hutapea I. 2009. Penampilan anak babi menyusu dari induk dengan ransum yang mengandung tepung daun bangun-bangun Coleus amboinicus Lour pada taraf yang berbeda [skripsi]. Bogor: Fakultas Peternakan, Institut pertanian Bogor. Inglish LK. 1980. Introduction to Laboratory Animal Science and Technology. Oxford: Pergamon Press Ltd. Isley SE, Miler HM, Kamel CH. 2004. The use of plant extract in sow diets has revealed novel application for improvements of sow and litter performance. J Feedmix 14:24-27. Iyer R. 2004. Oregano. India: Bhavan Publishing. [terhubung berkala]. http:www.dimdima.com [25 April 2009]. Jain SK, Lata S. 1996. Unique indigenous amazonian uses of some plants growing in india. IK Manitor. 4 3 Article 1996. [terhubung berkala]. http:www.nuffic.nl.ciran ikdm. [30 April 2009]. Khajarern J, Khajarern S. 2002. The efficacy of origanum essential oils in sow feed. Int Pig Topics. 200217:17. Kirkwood RN. 1999. Pharmacological intervention in swine reproduction. Swine health prod.1999;71:29-35. [terhubung bekala]. http:www.aasv.org shap issues v7n1v7n1p29.html [ 15 Mei 2009]. Kress H. 2007. Plencthranthus amboinicus Lour spreng lamiaceae. Cuba: Infomed. [terhubung berkala]. http:www.henrietteherbal.com [15 Mei 2009]. Kurniawan RI. 2006. Hubungan litter size dengan bobot lahir dan mortalitas anak babi tiga hari setelah lahir [skripsi]. Bogor: Fakultas Peternakan, Institut Pertanian Bogor. Laboratorium Department of Chemistry. 2006. Analysis Coleus amboinicus Lour component with GC and GCMS technique. India: gorakhpur university. [terhubung berkala]. http:www.baanmaha.com [20 April 2009] Larson BL. 1985. Biosynthesis and Cellular Secretion of Milk. USA: Iowa State Press. Lawrence M, Naiyana, Damanik MRM. 2005. Modified nutraceutical composition. Australia: freehills patent and trademark Attorneys. Melbroune: [terhubung berkala]. http:www.wipo.intpctdb [24 April 2009]. Leymaster KA, Jhonson RK. 1994. Seconds thoughts on selection for components of reproduction in swine. Di dalam C. Smith, JS Gavora, B. Benkel, J. Chenais, W. Fairful, JP. Gibson, BW. Kennedy and EB Burnside, Editor. Canada: 5 th world congress on genetics applied to livestock production. 17 088955-366-1: 307-313. Organizing committee. Lucia T et al. 1999. Influence of equine chorionic gonadotropin on weaning to estrus interval and estrus duration in early weaned, primparous, female swine. J anim sci. 77:3163-3167. Mabry JW, Culbertson MS, Reeves D. 1996. Effects of lactation length on weaning to first service interval and first service farrowing rate in commercial sows. [terhubung berkala]. http:www.adgs.uga.edu annrpt 199696. [22 September 2010] Mahmud M, Slamet K, Apriyantono DS, Hermana RR. 1990. Komposisi Zat Gizi Pangan Indonesia. Jakarta: Depkes RI, Direktorat Bina Gizi Masyarakat dan Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Gizi. Mardisiswojo S, Rajakmangunsudarso H. 1985. Cabe Puyang Warisan Nenek Moyang. Jakarta: PN Balai Pustaka. Martin MA, Teagasc, Athenry. 2004. When should sows be weaned. [terhubung berkala]. http;www.teagasc.iepublications200420041011paper02.htm [18 September 2010]. Menendez RA, Gonzalez VP. 1999. Plectranthus amboinicus Lour spreng. Revistas Cubana Plant Medicine 3 3: 110-115. [terhubung berkala]. http:www.bvs.sld.curevistas [24 April 2009] Mepham TB. 1987. Physiology of Lactation. Melton Keynes, Philadelphia; Open University Press. Milagres JC, Fedalto LM, Silva AE, Peraira JAA. 1983. Source of variation in litter size and weight birth and 21 days of age in duroc, landrace, large white pigs. [Abstr].J Anim. Breed 517:552 Nurendah. 1982. Sifat ekbolik komponen jamu yang digunakan terhadap kehamilan. Jakarta: Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Farmasi, Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan. Parakkasi A. 1990. Ilmu Gizi dan Makanan Ternak Monogastrik. Bandung: Penerbit Angkasa. Park YI, Kim JB. 1983. Evaluation of litter size of pure breeds and spesific two- breed crosses produced from five breeds of swine. [Abstr].J Anim. Breed 51:365 Peet B. 2000. Lost days – the key to breeding herd eficiency. [terhubung berkala]. http:www.thepigsite.comfeatyredarticledefault.asp?display=1017 [17 September 2010]. Phuc BHN, Ogle B. 2005. Effects of inclusion of cassava leaf in the diets on the performance of pregnant sows. [terhubung berkala]. http:www.forum.org. kh~mekarnproc-cassphuc.htm [15 Pond WG, Maner JH. 1974. Swine Production in Temperature and Tropical Environments. San fransisco: W.H. Freeman and Company. Januari 2010]. Pragasta R. 2008. Anatomi dan Fisiologi Sistem Endokrin. Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Islam Malang. Richard DF. 1999. Manipulation of the estrous cycle in swine. [Terhubung berkala]. http:www.ca.uky.eduagcpubsascasc152asc152.htm [15 Mei 2009]. Rodriguez-Zas SL et al. 2003. Bioeconomic evaluation of sow longevity and profitability. J Anim Sci : 81:2915-2922. Rumetor SD. 2008. Suplementasi daun bangun-bangun Coleus amboinicus Lour dan zinc-vitamin E dalam ransum untuk memperbaiki metabolisme dan produksi susu kambing peranakan etawah [disertasi]. Bogor: Sekolah Pascasarjana, Institut Pertanian Bogor. Sahelian R. 2006. Forskholin mechanism of action. Bulletin plant natural products 20: 1-8. [terhubung berkala]. http:www.pnp.com [24 Santosa CM. 2001. Khasiat konsumsi daun bangun-bangun Coleus amboinicus Lour sebagai pelancar sekresi air susu ibu menyusu dan pemacu pertumbuhan bayi [tesis]. Bogor: Program Pascasarjana, Institut Pertanian Bogor. April 2009]. Santosa CM, Hertiani T. 2005. Kandungan senyawa kimia dan efek ekstrak air daun bangun-bangun Coleus amboinicus Lour pada aktivitas fagositosis netrofil tikus putih Rattus novergicus. MFI, 16 3, 141-148. Schoellhorn R. 2002. Plectranthus coleus’ cousin. Ricks weed read. Gainesville. University of Florida. Shandolm TM, Saarela M. 2003. Functional Dairy Products. England: CRC Press. Shipard I. 2005. Mother of herbs. discovery gardens. China: [terhubung berkala]. http:www. discoverygardens. com Siagian PH. 1999. Manajemen Ternak Babi. Bogor: Diktat Kuliah. Jurusan Ilmu Produksi Ternak, Fakultas Peternakan, Institut Pertanian Bogor. [20 Mei 2009] Sibuea RF. 2009. Taraf pemberian tepung daun bangun-bangun Coleus amboinicus Lour dalam ransum induk babi menyusui dan pengaruhnya terhadap produksi air susu [skripsi]. Bogor: Fakultas Peternakan, Institut Pertanian Bogor. Sidauruk BD. 2008. Produksi air susu induk babi dengan penambahan eksrak daun katuk Sauropus androgynus L Merr dalam ransum pada taraf dan waktu pemberian yang berbeda [skripsi]. Bogor: Fakultas Peternakan, Institut Pertanian Bogor. Sihombing DTH. 2006. Ilmu Ternak Babi. Yogyakarta: Gajah Mada University Press. Sihombing M. 2000. Pengaruh hati ikan terhadap arbsorbsi berasal dari daun bangun-bangun Coleus amboinicus pada tikus albino strain wistar derived-LMR. Jakarta: Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan Depkes. [terhubung berkala]. http:www. digilib. litbang. depkes.go.id Silitonga M. 1993. Efek laktakogum daun jinten Coleus amboinicus L. pada tikus laktasi [tesis]. Bogor: Sekolah Pascasarjana, Institut Pertanian Bogor. . [8 Mei 2009]. Simorangkir CRD. 2008. Penampilan anak babi menyusu dengan taraf dan waktu pemberian ekstrak daun katuk Sauropus androgynus L Merr yang berbeda dalam ransum induk [skripsi]. Bogor: Fakultas peternakan, Institut Pertanian Bogor. Singh H, Moore EN. 1982. Livestock and Poultry Production. New Delhi: Prentice Hall of India. SNI Standar Nasional Indonesia. 2006a. Pakan Babi Menyusui Lactating sow ration. SNI 01-3915.2-2006. SNI Standar Nasional Indonesia. 2006b. Pakan Anak Babi Prasapih pig prestarter. SNI 01-3911-2006. Steel RGD, Torrie JH. 1993. Prinsip dan Prosedur Statistika Suatu Pendekatan Biometrik. Jakarta: Gramedia Pustaka Utama. Subanu NP, Pudjiastuti, Adji RNI. 1982. Pengaruh beberapa tanaman obat pada uterus marmut terisolasi. Jakarta: Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Farmasi, Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan, Departemen Kesehatan RI. Suharno B, Nazzaruddin. 1994. Ternak Komersial. Jakarta: Penebar Swadaya. Suprayogi A. 2000. Studies of the biological effect of Sauropus androgynus L Merr: effect of milk production and posibilities of induced pulmonary disorder in lactating sheep [disertation] Germany: Cuviler Verlag Gottingen University. Sutardi T. 1981. Sapi Perah dan Pemberian Makanannya. Bogor: Departemen Ilmu Makanan Ternak, Fakultas Peternakan, Institut Pertanian Bogor. Tilman AD, Hartadi S, Reksohadiprodjo, Lebdosoekodjo S. 1991. Ilmu Makanan Ternak Dasar. Yogyakarta: Gajah Mada University Press. Toelihere MR. 1979. Fisiologi Reproduksi pada Ternak. Bandung: Penerbit Angkasa . Toelihere MR. 1993. Inseminasi Buatan pada Ternak. Bandung: Penerbit Angkasa. Tomaszewska MW, Sutama IK, Putut IG, Chaniago TD. 1991. Reproduksi, Tingkah Laku, dan Produksi Ternak di Indonesia. Jakarta: Gramedia Pustaka Utama Tood M. 2005. Weaning age impact on reproductive performance. [terhubung berkala]. http;www.natonalhogfarmer.com magfarming_weaning_age_ impact [22 September 2010]. Tucker, HA. 1985. Endocrine and neural control of the mammary gland. Di dalam Larson BL, Editor. Lactation. The Iowa University Press. hlm. 39-76. Tummaruk P, Lundeheim N, Einarson S, Dalin A. 2000. Reproductive performance of pure breed sewdish landrace and swedish yorkshire sows. [terhubung berkala]. http:ingentaconnect.com contenttandf saga200 art 0009 [22 September 2005]. [USDA] United State Departement of Agriculture. 2005. Plant Profile : Plectranthus amboinicus Lour. USA: Natural Resouces Conservation Services. [terhubung berkala]. httpwww.plant.usda.gov [3 Mei 2009]. Vasquez EA, Kraus W, Solsoloy AD, Rejesus BM. 2000. The use of species and medicinal: antifungal, antibacterial, anthelmintic, and molluscicidal constituents of Philippine plant. [terhubung berkala] http:www.fao.org docrep x2230ex2230e8. [3 Mei 2009]. Walker D. 1972. Pregnancy diagnosis in pigs. Vet rec 90:130-144. Walstra P. 1999. Dairy Technology. New York: Marcel Dekker Inc. Wening W. 2007. Penambahan daun bangun-bangun Coleus amboinicus Lour dalam ransum pengaruhnya terhadap sifat reproduksi dan produksi air susu mencit putih Mus musculus albinus. [skripsi]. Bogor: Fakultas Peternakan, Institut Pertanian Bogor. Williamson G, Payne WJA. 1993. Pengantar Peternakan Di Daerah Tropis. Edisi ke-3. Terjemahan: SGN Djiwa Darmaja. Yogyakarta: UGM Press. Yoga MS. 1988. Studi penggunaan ekstrak hipofise sapi untuk peningkatan reproduksi babi [tesis]. Yogyakarta: Fakultas Pascasarjana, Universitas Gajah Mada. Xu RJ, Cranwell PD. 2003. The Neonatal Pig: Gastrointestinal physiology and Nutrition. Nottingham: University Press. Lampiran 1. Konsumsi Total Induk Hari Ke-1-20 Laktasi Ulangan R0 R1 R2 R3 Rataan W1 1 97.3 66.2 66.6 72.76 75.72 2 87 65.7 70.7 75 74.60 3 85.5 74.65 85.25 87.55 83.24 77.85 W2 1 89.6 74.65 79 81.5 81.19 2 88.9 83.2 86.8 68.95 81.96 3 68.72 75.15 94.85 83 80.43 81.19 Rataan 86.17 73.26 80.53 78.13 79.52 Lampiran 2. General Linear Model Konsumsi Total Induk Hari Ke-1-20 Laktasi Sumber Keragaman Derajat Bebas Jumlah Kuadrat Kuadrat Tengah F-tabel F-hitung Waktu 1 67.03 67.03

1.05 0.32

Taraf 3 518.39 172.79

2.70 0.08

Interaksi 3 377.05 125.68

1.96 0.16

Galat 16 1024.26 64.016 Total 23 1986.75 Lampiran 3. Konsumsi Ransum Harian Induk Babi Hari Ke1-5 Laktasi Ulangan R0 R1 R2 R3 Rataan W1 1 3.3 2.4 1.3 2.2 2.30 2 2.6 3.1 2 2.9 2.65 3 3.2 2 2.8 3.4 2.85 2.60 W2 1 3.6 1.8 3 3 2.85 2 3.4 2.5 2.6 1.7 2.55 3 2.8 2.5 3.4 3 2.93 2.78 Rataan 3.15 2.38 2.52 2.70 2.69 Lampiran 4. General Linear Model KRH Induk Babi Hari Ke1-5 Laktasi Sumber Keragaman Derajat Bebas Jumlah Kuadrat Kuadrat Tengah F-tabel F-hitung Waktu 1 0.16

0.16 0.55

0.46 Taraf 3

1.96 0.65

2.18 0.13

Interaksi 3

1.39 0.46

1.54 0.24

Galat 16 4.81 0.30 Total 23 8.34 Lampiran 5. Konsumsi Ransum Harian Induk Babi Hari Ke 6-10 Laktasi Ulangan R0 R1 R2 R3 Rataan W1 1 5.22 2.96 2.6 3.09 3.47 2 4.4 2.92 3.08 3.7 3.53 3 4.1 3.4 4 4.33 3.96 3.65 W2 1 3.76 3.6 3.8 4.28 3.86 2 4 4.4 4 3.9 4.08 3 3.34 3.82 4.2 4.2 3.89 3.94 Rataan 4.14 3.52 3.61 3.92 3.80 Lampiran 6. General Linear Model KRH Induk Babi Hari Ke 6-10 Laktasi Sumber Keragaman Derajat Bebas Jumlah Kuadrat Kuadrat Tengah F-tabel F-hitung Waktu 1 0.51

0.51 2.46

0.13 Taraf 3

1.45 0.48

2.33 0.11

Interaksi 3

2.87 0.95

4.61 0.01

Galat 16 3.32 0.20 Total 23 8.15 Least Squares Means for effect WaktuTaraf Pr |t| for H0: LSMeani=LSMeanj Dependent Variable: KRH 6-10 ij 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 0.0011 0.0023 0.0333 0.0320 0.1078 0.1426 0.2471 2 0.0011 0.7246 0.1182 0.1223 0.0369 0.0268 0.0134 3 0.0023 0.7246 0.2144 0.2212 0.0731 0.0540 0.0278 4 0.0333 0.1182 0.2144 0.9845 0.5403 0.4427 0.2760 5 0.0320 0.1223 0.2212 0.9845 0.5278 0.4316 0.2680 6 0.1078 0.0369 0.0731 0.5403 0.5278 0.8738 0.6225 7 0.1426 0.0268 0.0540 0.4427 0.4316 0.8738 0.7378 8 0.2471 0.0134 0.0278 0.2760 0.2680 0.6225 0.7378 Lampiran 7. Konsumsi Ransum Harian Induk Babi Hari Ke 11-15 Laktasi Ulangan R0 R1 R2 R3 Rataan W1 1 5.34 3.7 4.4 4.3 4.44 2 5 4.6 4 4.53 3 4.6 4.5 5 4.78 4.72 4.56 W2 1 4.8 4.6 4.4 4.64 4.61 2 5 4.74 5 4.6 4.84 3 3.42 3.74 5.8 4.4 4.34 4.60 Rataan 4.69 4.26 4.87 4.45 4.58 Lampiran 8. General Linear Model KRH Induk Babi Hari Ke 11-15 Laktasi Sumber Keragaman Derajat Bebas Jumlah Kuadrat Kuadrat Tengah F-tabel F-hitung Waktu 1 0.02

0.02 0.09

0.7625 Taraf 3

1.25 0.41

1.50 0.2547

Interaksi 3

0.84 0.28

1.01 0.4140

Galat 16 4.17 0.27 Total 23 6.23