Ischaemum ciliare Retz. Observ. 6: 26. 1791.

Bunnemeijer 11047, 12506, 11328, 11689 L, holotype; BO, isotype; Steenis 10401 BO.

51.5. Ischaemum ciliare Retz. Observ. 6: 26. 1791.

Andropogon patentivillosus Steud. Syn. Pl. Glumac. 1: 373. 1854. Spodiopogon villosus Nees. Bot. Beechey Voy. 242. 1838. Plants perenial, erect, tufted with stolon, mat forming. Culms c. 87 cm long, 2 mm thick, hollow. Nodes hairy; internodes c. 26 cm, glabrous. Sheaths c. 9 cm long, densely hair on abaxial side. Ligule 3 mm long, well devoleped, membraneus continuous with the auricles, hairy at abaxial side, tip ciliolate. Blades 14-30 cm by 10 mm, margin serulate, base slightly cordate, apex acuminate, the surface with nodular densely hair.on both side. Inflorescence composed of racemes. Racemes 2, paired, 2- 10 cm long. Rachis fragile at the nodes, angular, ciliate on margins. Spikelets in pairs: fertile spikelets sessile, 1 in the cluster; companion sterile spikelets pedicelled, 1 in the cluster. Pedicels oblong, ciliate. Fertile spikelets comprising: 1 basal sterile florets, 1 fertile florets, without rachilla extension; oblong, 5-6 mm long, dorsally compressed, falling entire; callus pilose, base truncate, inserted. Sterile spikelets: companion sterile spikelets well-developed, containing empty lemmas, or male, lanceolate, 4-4.5 mm long, dorsally compressed, shorter than fertile, separately deciduous; glumes chartaceous, keeled, winged on keels, 11-nerved, mucronate; lemmas 2, enclosed by glumes, 1-awned, with 7-9 mm long awn. Glumes dissimilar, exceeding apex of florets, firmer than fertile lemma. Lower glume oblong, 0.8 times length of spikelet, coriaceous, much thinner above, 2-keeled laterally, winged on keeled, 8-9-nerved; surface convex, glabrous, or pilose; apex dentate, bifid. Upper glume lanceolate, coriaceus, much thinner above, 1-keeled above, winged on keel, 5-nerved; 1-awned, 2- 2.5 mm long. Florets: basal sterile florets male, with palea; lemma lanceolate, 3.75-4 mm long, 0.7-0.8 times length of spikelet, membraneous, 3-nerved. Fertile lemma oblong, 2-2.5 mm long, membraneous, without keel, 3-nerved; apex lobed, bifid, incised 0.5 of lemma length, 1-awned; principal awn from a sinus, 9-20 mm long, geniculate, with twisted column. Palea as long as lemma. Anthers 3, 2-2.5 mm long. Notes Found in West tropical Africa, China, India, Indo-China, Malesia, Pasific, and Northern South America. Distribution Central: Luwuk area, Northeast of Luwuk, on the road from Kayutanyu to Siuna, Alt. c. 60 m. Habitat Disturbed forest in river-valley, raised corraline limestone. Specimen examined Coode 5824 BO.

51.6. Ischaemum digitatum Brongn. Voy. Monde 22: 70, pl. 13. 1831.