Ischaemum ciliare Retz. Observ. 6: 26. 1791.
51.5. Ischaemum ciliare Retz. Observ. 6: 26. 1791.
Andropogon patentivillosus Steud. Syn. Pl. Glumac. 1: 373. 1854. Spodiopogon villosus Nees. Bot. Beechey Voy. 242. 1838. Plants perenial, erect, tufted with stolon, mat forming. Culms c. 87 cm long, 2 mm thick, hollow. Nodes hairy; internodes c. 26 cm, glabrous. Sheaths c. 9 cm long, densely hair on abaxial side. Ligule 3 mm long, well devoleped, membraneus continuous with the auricles, hairy at abaxial side, tip ciliolate. Blades 14-30 cm by 10 mm, margin serulate, base slightly cordate, apex acuminate, the surface with nodular densely hair.on both side. Inflorescence composed of racemes. Racemes 2, paired, 2- 10 cm long. Rachis fragile at the nodes, angular, ciliate on margins. Spikelets in pairs: fertile spikelets sessile, 1 in the cluster; companion sterile spikelets pedicelled, 1 in the cluster. Pedicels oblong, ciliate. Fertile spikelets comprising: 1 basal sterile florets, 1 fertile florets, without rachilla extension; oblong, 5-6 mm long, dorsally compressed, falling entire; callus pilose, base truncate, inserted. Sterile spikelets: companion sterile spikelets well-developed, containing empty lemmas, or male, lanceolate, 4-4.5 mm long, dorsally compressed, shorter than fertile, separately deciduous; glumes chartaceous, keeled, winged on keels, 11-nerved, mucronate; lemmas 2, enclosed by glumes, 1-awned, with 7-9 mm long awn. Glumes dissimilar, exceeding apex of florets, firmer than fertile lemma. Lower glume oblong, 0.8 times length of spikelet, coriaceous, much thinner above, 2-keeled laterally, winged on keeled, 8-9-nerved; surface convex, glabrous, or pilose; apex dentate, bifid. Upper glume lanceolate, coriaceus, much thinner above, 1-keeled above, winged on keel, 5-nerved; 1-awned, 2- 2.5 mm long. Florets: basal sterile florets male, with palea; lemma lanceolate, 3.75-4 mm long, 0.7-0.8 times length of spikelet, membraneous, 3-nerved. Fertile lemma oblong, 2-2.5 mm long, membraneous, without keel, 3-nerved; apex lobed, bifid, incised 0.5 of lemma length, 1-awned; principal awn from a sinus, 9-20 mm long, geniculate, with twisted column. Palea as long as lemma. Anthers 3, 2-2.5 mm long. Notes Found in West tropical Africa, China, India, Indo-China, Malesia, Pasific, and Northern South America. Distribution Central: Luwuk area, Northeast of Luwuk, on the road from Kayutanyu to Siuna, Alt. c. 60 m. Habitat Disturbed forest in river-valley, raised corraline limestone. Specimen examined Coode 5824 BO.51.6. Ischaemum digitatum Brongn. Voy. Monde 22: 70, pl. 13. 1831.
Parts
» The Floristic Study Of Herbaceous Grasses In Sulawesi
» Apluda mutica L. Sp. Pl. 1: 82. 1753.
» Arthraxon hispidus Thunb. Makino. Bot. Mag. Tokyo 26307: 214. 1812.
» ASTHENOCHLOA Buse. Arthraxon lancifolius Trin. Hochst. Flora 39: 188. 1856.
» Bothriochloa bladhii Retz. S.T. Blake. Proc. Roy. Soc. Queensland 806:
» Capillipedium assimile Steud. A. Camus. Fl. Indo.-Chine 7: 314. 1922.
» CHRYSOPOGON Trin. Type: Chrysopogon gryllus L. Trinn. Fund. Agrost.
» Coelorachis glandulosa Trin. Stapf ex Ridl. Fl. Malay. Penin. 5: 204. 1925.
» CYMBOPOGON Sprengel Coix lachryma-jobi L. Sp. Pl. 2: 972. 1753.
» Cymbopogon tortilis J. Presl. A. Camus. Rev. Bot. Appl. Agric. Colon.
» Cymbopogon flexuosus Nees ex Steudel J.F. Watson. Himalayan Districts 1:
» Cymbopogon minutiflorus S. Dransf
» DICHANTHIUM Willemet Cymbopogon procerus R. Br. Domin. Biblioth. Bot. 85: 273. 1915.
» Dichanthium aristatum Poir. C.E. Hubb. Fl. Trop. Afr. 9:178. 1917.
» DIECTOMIS Kunth. nom. et typ. cons., non P. Beauv. 1812. Type: Diectomis
» EREMOCHLOA Buse. Type: Eremochloa horneri Buse. Pl. Jungh. 357. 1854
» EULALIA Kunth. Revis. Gramin. 1:160. 1829.
» HETEROPOGON Pers. Type: Heteropogon glaber Pers. Syn. Pl. 2: 533.
» Hyparrhenia diplandra Hack. Stapf. Fl. Trop. Afr. 92: 368-370. 1919.
» Imperata conferta J. Presl Ohwi. Bot. Mag. Tokyo 55:549. 1941.
» Ischaemum barbatum Retz. Observ. Bot. 6: 35. 1791.
» Ischaemum celebicum P. Jansen. Reinwardtia 22: 296, f. 10. 1953.
» Ischaemum ciliare Retz. Observ. 6: 26. 1791.
» Ischaemum digitatum Brongn. Voy. Monde 22: 70, pl. 13. 1831.
» Ischaemum muticum L. Sp. Pl. 2: 1049. 1753.
» Microstegium eucnemis Nees ex Steud A. Camus. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon,
» MISCANTHUS Anderss. Type: Miscanthus capensis Nees Andersson. Ofvers.
» Ophiuros exaltatus L. Kuntze. Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 780. 1891.
» Pogonatherum paniceum Lam. Hack. Allg. Bot. Z. Syst. 12: 178. 1906.
» Saccharum spontaneum L. Mant. Pl. 2: 183. 1771.
» Schizachyrium fragile R. Br. A. Camus. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon 70:87. 1924.
» Sorghum nitidum Vahl. C.E. Hubb. Syn. Pl. 1:101. 1805.
» Themeda gigantea Cav. Hack. Fodder Grasses North. India 43. 1888.
» Phragmites vallatoria L. Veldk. Blumea 371: 233. 1992.
» Arundinella pumila Hochst. ex A. Rich. Steud. Syn. Pl. Glumac. 1: 114.
» GARNOTIA Brongn. Type: Garnotia stricta Brongn. Voy. Monde 22: 132-
» Deyeuxia australis Zoll. Mor. P. Jansen. Acta Bot. Neerl. 13: 472.
» Brachypodium sylvaticum Huds. P. Beauv. Ess. Agrostogr. 101, 155, pl.3,
» Chloris barbata L. Sw. Fl. Ind. Occid. 1: 200. 1797.
» CYNODON L.C. Richard. nom. cons. Type: Cynodon dactylon L. Pers. Syn.
» ECTROSIA R. Br. Cynodon radiatus Roth. Syst. Veg. 2: 241. 1817.
» PEROTIS Aiton. Type: Pennisetum latifolia Trin. Hort. Kew 1: 85. 1789.
» ZOYSIA Willd. Type: Zoysia pungens Willd. Ges. Naturf. Freunde Berlin Neue
» Zoysia pasifica Goudswaard M. Hotta Kuroki. Acta Phytotax. Geobot.
» Dactyloctenium aegyptium L. Willd. Pl. Eur. 1:68. 1870.
» Eleusine indica L. Gaertn. Fruct. Sem. Pl. 1: 8. 1788.
» Eragrostis brownii Kunth Nees ex Steud. Nomencl. Bot. ed. 2 1: 562.
» Eragrostis cilianensis Bellardi Vignolo ex Janch. Mitt. Naturwiss. Vereins
» Eragrostis japonica Thunb. Trin. Mem. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Petersbourg,
» Eragrostis lasioclada Merr. Philipp. J. Sci. 1Suppl.: 382. 1906.
» Eragrostis minor Host. Icon. Descr. Gram. Austriac. 4: 15. 1809.
» Isachne albomarginata P. Jansen. Reinwardtia 22: 279. 1953.
» Isachne confusa Ohwi. Bull. Tokyo Sci. Mus. 18: 14. 1947.
» Isachne globosa Thunb. Kuntze. Revis. Gen. Pl. 12: 778. 1891.
» Oryza minuta J. Presl var. sylvatica Camus Veldk. Blumea 371: 232.
» Acroceras munroanum Balansa Henrard. Blumea 33: 444-445. 1940.
» Alloteropsis semialata R. Br. Hitch. Contr. U.S. Natl. 126: 210. 1909.
» Cenchrus brownii Roem. Schult. Syst. Veg. 2: 258. 1817.
» . Digitaria bicornis Lam. Roem. Schult. Syst. Veg. 2:470. 1817.
» Digitaria ciliaris Retz. Koeler. Descr. Gram. : 27. 1802.
» Digitaria milanjiana Rendle Stapf. Fl. Trop. Afr. 9:430. 1919.
» Digitaria setigera Roem. Schult. Syst. Veg. 2: 474. 1817.
» Digitaria ternata A. Rich. Stapf. Fl. Cap. 7: 376-377. 1898.
» ECHINOCHLOA P. Beauv. Type: Echinochloa crusgalli L. P. Beauv. Ess.
» HYMENACHNE P. Beauv. Type: Hymenachne monostachya Poir. P. Beauv.
» Panicum repens L. Sp. Pl. ed.2 1: 87. 1762.
» Paspalum conjugatum P.J. Bergius. Acta Helv. Phys.-Math. 7: 129, pl. 8.
» PENNISETUM Rich Paspalum scrobiculatum L. Mant. Pl. 1: 29. 1767.
» Pennisetum macrostachys Brongn. Trin. Mem. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-
» Setaria punctata Burm.f. Veldk. Blumea 391: 381. 1994.
» SPINIFEX L. Type: Spinifex squarrosus L. Mant. Pl. 163, 300. 1771; Grass.
» STENOTAPHRUM Trin. Type: Stenotaphrum glabrum Trin. Fund. Agrost.
» LEPTASPIS R. Br. Type: Leptaspis banksii R. Br. Prodr. 211. 1810.
» SCROTOCHLOA Judz. Type: Scrotochloa urceolata Roxb. Judz.
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