67.1. Paspalum conjugatum P.J. Bergius. Acta Helv. Phys.-Math. 7: 129, pl. 8.
1772. Digitaria conjugata Roxb. Schult. Mant. 2: 262. 1824.
Paspalum africanum Poir. Encycl. 4: 314. 1816; Fl. Trop. 451-898. 1982. Paspalum hirsutum Poir. Encycl., Suppl. 5: 28. 1817.
Paspalum ciliatum Kunth. Nov. Gen. Sp. quarto ed. 1: 87, t. 24. 1815. Plants perennial, stoloniferous. Culms 25-55 cm long, erect from each nodes of
stolon, stolon rooting and hairy at the nodes. Internodes 6-9 cm long. Sheaths 4 cm long, glabrous, except for a few hairs towards the throat, margin hairy. Ligule 0.5 mm
long, an eciliate membrane, glabrous. Blades 10 cm long by 8 mm long, lanceolate- acuminate, basally cuneate, the margins soft-hairy. Inflorescence 5-10 cm long, well
exserted with 2 diverging spikes, each flattened, glabrous on the upper side, margin cartilaginous and on the lower side, bearing alternately on each side a row of closely
overlapping spikelets. Spikelets 1.8 mm long. Glumes dissimilar. Lower glume absent. Upper glume as long as spikelet, ovate-acute, pointed, obscurely 3-nerved.
Lower lemma similar in texture and size, 2-nerved, glabrous; palea absent. Upper lemma 1.7 mm long, indurated; palea 1.5 mm long, indurated, with a marked point,
fitting into the lemma, lateral flaps no more than one-third as long. Anthers 3, 0.5 mm long.
Notes
Found in Africa, China, Eastern Asia, India, Indo-China, Malesia, Australasia, Pasific, North and South America.
Distribution at Sulawesi
North: Singkil, Buha, Alt. 10 m; Minahasa, Kayuwatu, Alt. 50 m; Manado, Alt. 0 m; Dumoga Bone National Park, Toraut, Alt. 220, c. 0
34’ N 123 54’ E. South:
Enrekang, Rantelemo, Latimojong Mts, Alt. 1650. Southeast: Mt Wolasi, 20 km from Kendari to Wawotobi, 150 m; 121 km from Kendari to Kolaka, Alt. 160 m; 121 km
from Kendari, Alt. 250 mm. Habitat
Along the road side, towards an edge of a field, open shrub, forest margin, patches of primary forest trees and secondary vegetation in grassland after recent
deforestation, terrain level, open grassland. Specimen examined
Koorders
17723 β, 17274 β, 19783 β, 17275 β BO; Mehra 16, 85, 93 BO;
Vogel and Vermeulen 6844, 6558 BO; Buwalda 3744 BO; leg. ign. 11 BO; Sands 491 BO; PTU 25 BO.
67.2. Paspalum longifolium Roxb. Fl. Ind. 1: 283-284. 1820.
Paspalum cognatum Steud. Syn. Pl. Glumac. 1: 28. 1855; Grass. Burma, Ceylon, India Pakistan i-xviii, 1-767. 1960.
Paspalum platycoleum Ridl. Fl. Malay. Penin. 5: 217. 1925; Blumea 302: 279-318. 1985.
Plants perennial, tufted. Culms c. 65 cm long, erect to ascending. Nodes glabrous. Sheaths c. 10 cm long, flattened, midrib raised. Ligule 1.3 mm long, a
collar-shaped. Blades 25 cm long by 5 mm long, linear, narrowed towards the base, glabrescent but scabrid on the margins. Inflorescence 14 cm long, exserted, axis
smooth and glabrous, carrying 4–7 or more one-sided spikes of florets on alternate sides, the lowest 3–4 cm apart. Rachis of the spikes 5 cm long, with prominent long
stiff white setae at the junction with the axis, flattened, the margins scabrid, glabrous on the back, on the front with pairs of spikelets alternately on each side of the midrib
so as to appear in 4 rows. Spikelets 2 mm long, overlapping, in pairs the stalks of a pair joined together at the base, the outer stalks the longer. Glumes dissimilar. Lower
glume absent. Upper glume 2 mm long, ovate-acute, boat-shaped, 3-nerved, the lateral nerves submarginal. Lower lemma 2 mm long, 3-nerved, soft-hairy on the back; palea
absent. Upper lemma boat-shaped, indurated; palea with 2 flaps on the lower two- thirds clasping the grain, similarly indurated. Stamens 3. Anthers 0.8 mm long.
Notes
Found in China, Eastern Asia, India, Indo-China, Malesia, and Australasia.
Distribution
North: Talaud, Karakelang. South: Salayar island, Alt. 10 m.
Habitat Specimen examined
Bunnemeijer 7400 BO; Lam 2618 BO.
67.3. Paspalum orbiculare G. Forst. Fl. Ins. Austr. Prodr. 7. 1786.
Paspalum longifolium var. pseudo-orbiculare Jansen. Reinwardtia 22: 321. 1953.
Paspalum scrobiculatum var. orbiculare G. Forst. Hack. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 6: 223. 1885; Blumea 302: 279-312. 1985.
Plants perennial, tufted, not stoloniferous. Culms up to 100 cm long, rarely branching. Nodes glabrous, or pubescent, internodes thin-walled, distally glabrous.
Sheaths loose, glabrous, up to 10 cm long. Ligule a shallow membrane up to 2 mm
long. Blades 6-30 cm by 5-6 mm, base rounded, with a brief petiole-like connection to sheath. Inflorescence composed of racemes. Racemes 2-4, paired, or difitate,
unilateral, 1-2.5 cm long. Central inflorescence axis 5 mm long. Rachis narrowly winged. Spikelets packing abaxial, regular, 2-rowed; solitary. Fertile spikelets
pedicelled; comprisisng 1 basal sterile florets, 1 fertile florets, without rachilla extension; orbicular, 1-2 mm long, dorsally compressed, falling entire. Glumes
dissimilar. Lower glume absent. Upper glume as long as spikelet, orbicular, membraneous, no keels, 2-nerved; primary nerves absent; apex obtuse. Florets: basal
sterile florets barren, without significant palea; lemma similar to upper glume, as long as spikelet, orbicular, 2-nerved, no midnerve, obtuse. Fertile lemma ovate, 1-1.5 mm
long, indurate, no keel; surface striate, margins involute; palea involute, indurate. Anthers 3, 0.3-0.8 mm long. Caryopsis with adherent pericarp, 1 mm long, orbicular.
Notes
Found in India, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Taiwan, Hongkong, Polynesia, North Australia, and Malesia.
Distribution at Sulawesi
South: Mts. Lompobatang Lombasang, Alt. 950 m.
Habitat “Wegkant”.
Specimen examined
Bunnemeijer 11022 BO.
67.4. Paspalum scrobiculatum L. Mant. Pl. 1: 29. 1767.
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