flat. Upper glume lanceolate, 1-keeled above, apex acute. Florets: basal sterile florets barren, without significant palea; lemma hyaline. Fertile lemma lanceolate, hyaline,
without keel; apex lobed, bifid, 1-awned; principal awn from a sinus, 8 mm long, geniculate, with twisted column. Palea absent or minute. Anthers 3.
Notes
Found in China, Eastern Asia, Indo-China, and Malesia. Useful for erosion control.
Distribution at Sulawesi
North: Gorontalo.
Habitat
Found in open areas, open fields.
Specimen examined
leg. ign. 14 BO.
22.3. Cymbopogon flexuosus Nees ex Steudel J.F. Watson. Himalayan Districts 1:
392. 1882. Andropogon ampliforus Steud. Syn. Pl. Glumac. 1: 388. 1854.
Andropogon flexuosus Nees ex Steud. Syn. Pl. Glumac. 1: 388. 1854. Cymbopogon travancorensis Bor. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 52: 174-176, f. 24.
1954.
Plants perennial, caespitose, rhizomatous. Culms 150-300 cm long, erect, tufted, solid. Nodes bearded. Internodes distally glabrous. Sheaths clasping the culm,
glabrous on surface, auricles absent. Ligule 4 mm long, an eciliate membrane, scarious. Blades 40-100 cm by 6-15 mm, margin scabrous, base slightly hairy, apex
attenuate, the surface scaberulous, rough on both sides, glabrous. Inflorescence: Synflorescence compound, 25-55 cm long, lax, paniculate. Inflorescence composed of
racemes, terminal and axillary, subtended by a spatheole, enclosed. Spatheole 1-2 cm long, elliptic. Peduncle 3 mm long, pilose above. Racemes 2, paired, erect or
deflexed, 1.5 cm long. Rachis fragile at the node, semiterete, glabrous on surface, ciliate on margins; internodes 2.5 mm long, linear, tip transverse, cupuliform; bases
flattened, unequal, pubescent. Spikelets in pairs: Fertile spikelets sessile, 1 in the cluster; companion sterile spikelets pedicelled, 1 in the cluster. Pedicels 2 mm long,
semiterete, linear, ciliate. Fertile spikelets comprising 1 basal sterile florets, 1 fertile florets, without rachilla extension, lanceolate, dorsally compressed, 4-5 mm long,
falling entire, deciduous with accessory branch structures, callus pubescent, base
obtuse, inserted. Sterile spikelets: basal sterile spikelets well-developed, 2 in number lower raceme, 0 in upper raceme, with normal internodes, sessile and pedicelled,
pedicels free, linear, male, equalling fertile, lower glume muticuous. Companion sterile spikelets well-developed, male, elliptic, 3.5 mm long, shorter than fertile,
deciduous with the fertile; glumes chartaceous, acute, muticuous; lemmas 2, enclosed by glumes. Glumes dissimilar, exceeding apex of florets, firmer than fertile lemma.
Lower glume as long as spikelets, lanceolate, chartaceous, 2-keeled laterally, winged narrowly, primary nerve scabrous, intercarinal nerves distinct, 3 in number, surface
flat, smooth, or wrinkled. Upper glume lanceolate, 1-keeled above, primary nerve scabrous, apex acute. Florets: basal sterile florets barren, without significant palea;
lemma lanceolate, hyaline, 2-nerved, ciliolate on margins. Fertile lemma lanceolate, hyaline, without keel, apex lobed, bifid, incised 0.5 of lemma length, 1-awned;
principal awn from a sinus, 10 mm long, geniculate, with twisted column, column of lemma awn 3 mm long. Palea absent or minute.
Notes
Found in Africa, China, India, Indo-China, and Malesia. Commonly cultivated and sometimes naturalized, waterlogging not tolerated, often cultivated as a garden
plant, rainfed crop, propagation is by root or plant division, essential oils, flavouring, used in herbal teas, useful for acne and excessive perspiration, muscular pain.
Distribution at Sulawesi
Central: Palu, Kulawi, Alt. 700-800 m.
Habitat
Fertile sandy loams, fields along roadsides, slopes, ridges, forest.
Specimen examined
Noerta Meijer 10194 BO.
22.4. Cymbopogon minutiflorus S. Dransf
