ECTROSIA R. Br. Cynodon radiatus Roth. Syst. Veg. 2: 241. 1817.

Inflorescence composed of racemes. Racemes 4-8, 5-10 cm long, drooping, flexuous, unilateral. Rachis narrowly winged, flattened. Spikelet packing broadside to rachis, regular, 2-rowed; bases brief, pubescent. Spikelets appressed, solitary. Fertile spikelets sessile, comprising 1 fertile florets, without rhachilla extension, ovate, laterally compressed, 2.2 mm long, breaking up at maturity, disarticulating below each fertile floret. Glumes similar, persistent, shorter than spikelet, thinner than fertile lemma. Lower glume 0.8 length of upper glume, lanceolate, membraneous, 1-keeled, 1-nerved; lateral nerves absent, apex acute. Upper glume 0.8 times length of adjacent fertile lemma, lanceolate, membraneous, 1-keeled, 1-nerved, lateral nerves absent, apex acute. Florets: fertile lemma ovate, 2 mm long, laterally compressed, cartilaginous, keeled, 3-nerved; lemma midnerve pubescent, surface pubescent, hairy on nerves; lemma apex acute. Palea 2-nerved, keels smooth, or scaberulous. Anthers 3, 0.5 mm long. Caryopsis with adherent pericarp, laterally compressed, trigonous. Notes Found in Africa, China, India, Indo-China, Malesia, and Australia. Distribution at Sulawesi North: Bolaang Mongondow, Motongkat. Habitat Open habitats, disturbed sites, dry areas, along roadsides, open sandy sites, edge of forest, stony places. Specimen examined Koorders 121 BO.

32. ECTROSIA R. Br.

Type: Ectrosia leporina R. Br. Prodr. 185. 1810. About 4 species, tropical Asia, Australasia, and Pasific. Plant annual or perennial. Culms erect, or geniculately ascending, slender. Lateral branches lacking, sparse, or ample. Ligule a fringe of hairs. Blades filiform, or linear, stiff, or firm. Inflorescence a panicle. Spikelets appressed, or spreading, solitary, breaking up at maturity. Fertile spikelets pedicelled. Glumes dissimilar, deciduous, shorter than spikelet. Lower glume shorter than upper glume. Lodicules 2, fleshy. Anthers 3. 32.1. Ectrosia leporina R. Br. Prodr. 186. 1810. Plants annual. Culms 50 cm long. Ligule a fringe of hairs. Blades 6-10 cm by 2- 4 mm, apex attenuate. Inflorescence a panicle. Panicle contracted, interrupted, 9 cm long. Spikelets solitary. Fertile spikelets pedicelled. Pedicels linear, bearing a few hairs. Fertile spikelets comprising 1-2 fertile florets; lanceolate, 2 mm long, laterally compressed, breaking up at maturity, disarticulating above glumes but not between florets. Glumes similar, shorter than spikelet, similar to fertile lemma in texture. Lower glume 1 mm long, lanceolate, 0.8 length of upper glume, membraneous, keeled, 1-nerved; without lateral nerves, apex acuminate. Upper glume 1.6 mm long, 0.7 length of the adjacent fertile lemma, membraneous, 1-keeled, 1-nerved; without lateral nerves, apex acuminate. Florets: fertile lemma oblong, 2 mm long. membraneous, keeled, 3-nerved; apex emarginate, 1-awned; principal awn 2 mm long. Palea 0.7 times length of lemma, 2-nerved, keels scabrous. Apical sterile florets 2-5, barren, separate, linear, 1 mm long. Apical sterile lemma awns 6 mm long. Anthers 3, 0.1 mm long. Caryopsis with adherent pericarp, ellipsoid. Notes Found in tropical Asia, Australia, and Northwestern Pasific. Distribution at Sulawesi Southeast: Kendari, Alt. 100 m. Habitat Opened area. Specimen examined Kjellberg 547 BO.

35. ENTEROPOGON Nees. Type: Enteropogon melicoides Koenig ex Willd.