ASTHENOCHLOA Buse. Arthraxon lancifolius Trin. Hochst. Flora 39: 188. 1856.

Florets: Basal sterile florets barren, without palea. Lemma of lower sterile oblong, hyaline, 2-nerved, obtuse. Fertile lemma lanceolate, hyaline, without keel, 1-nerved, apex acute, 1-awned; principal lemma awn dorsal, arising from back of lemma, 5-9 mm long, geniculate, with twisted column. Palea absent or minute. Anthers 2, 0.5-0.7 mm long. Notes Found in China, Bhutan, India, Indonesia, Myanmar, Nepal, New Guinea, Pakistan, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam, East Africa, South Arabia. Distribution at Sulawesi Celebes. Habitat Growing among rocks, damp situation, exposed hill slopes, road banks, steep stony slopes, rocky sites, steep banks, open places, plains, riverbanks, cliffs, gullies. Specimen examined Yoshida 989 L; Bunnemeijer 11558 L.

9. ASTHENOCHLOA Buse.

Type: Asthenochloa tenera Buse. Pl. Jungh. 367. 1854. Garnotiella Stapf. Hooker’s Icon. Pl. 25: t. 2494. 1896. From the Greek asthenes “weak, feeble” and chloe, chloa “grass”. One species, Indonesia, Southeast Asia. Plants annual or perennial; decumbent, herbaceous, slender, branched. Plants bisexual. Inflorescence opened, paniculate. Spikelets paired. Lower floret suppressed; pedicellate spikelets reduced to barren pedicels. Glumes 2 subequal. Upper glume keeled. Lower glume convex. Upper lemma bilobed and awned. Palea absent. Lodicules absent. Stamens 2. Ovary glabrous. Stigma 2. 9.1. Asthenochloa tenera Buse. Pl. Jungh. 3: 367-368. 1854; Kew Bull. 27: 515-562. 1972 Garnotia phillipinensis Stapf. Hooker’s Icon. Pl., t. 2494. 1896. Garnotia leptos Steud. Stapf. Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1910: 302. 1910. Plants annual. Culms up to 100 cm long, rooting from the lower nodes. Ligule an eciliate membrane. Blades 4-16 cm by 2-8 mm. Inflorescence a panicle with branches tipped by a raceme. Panicle 4-8 cm, primary branches spreading, capillary, terete. Racemes bearing a triad of spikelets; rachis obsolete, bases filiform, pubescent, hairy at the tip. Spikelets in threes: fertile spikelets sessile, 1 in the cluster; companion sterile spikelets pedicelled, 2 in the cluster. Pedicels oblong, 0.3 mm long, flattened, 0.2 times length of fertile spikelets, plumose. Fertile spikelets comprising 1 basal sterile florets, 1 fertile florets, without rachilla extension, ovate, laterally compressed, 2 mm long, falling entire; callus bearded, base obtuse. Glumes dissimilar, exceeding apex of florets, firmer than fertile lemma. Lower glume as long as spikelets, ovate, cartilaginous, without keels, 5-veined; margins ciliolate, apex dentate, bifid. Upper glume oblong, cartilaginous, 3-nerved, apex acute, mucronate, surface pubescent. Florets: basal sterile florets barren, without significant palea. Lemma of lower sterile floret oblong, hyaline. Fertile lemma 1 mm long, oblong, hyaline, without keel, 1- nerved, apex lobed, bifid, 1-awned; principal awn from a sinus, 6-8 mm long, geniculate, with twisted glabrous column. Palea absent. Anthers 2. Notes Found in Malesia. Distribution at Sulawesi South: Salayar. Habitat In damp ground. Specimen examined Bunnemeijer 12363 BO.

11. BOTHRIOCHLOA Kuntze. Type: Bothriochloa anamitica Kuntze. Revis.