South: Masamba, Sae, Alt. 1000 m; Masamba, Singkalong, Alt. 1100 m. Southeast: Kendari, Wolasi-Ranomeeto, Alt. 70 m.
Habitat Specimen examined
Eyma 1202, 1468 BO; Amir 146 BO.
89.3. Themeda gigantea Cav. Hack. Fodder Grasses North. India 43. 1888.
Plants perenial, erect, caespitose. Culms up to 400 cm long, robust. Internodes solid, distally pruinose. Sheaths keeled, glabrous on surface, outer margin glabrous.
Ligule a ciliolate membrane, truncate. Blades c. 70 cm long by 15 mm long, stiff, midrib widened, surface scabrous, rough adaxially, glabrous, margins scabrous.
Inflorescence composed of racemes; terminal and axillary, decidous as a whole, subtended by a spatheole, enclosed; spatheole 1 cm long, lanceolate, scaroius, without
tubercle, glabrous; peduncle 1 mm long. Racemes 1, single, ovate, 1 cm long, bearing a triad of spikelets, with 1 fertile spikelets on each; rachis though. Spikelets in threes;
fertile spikelets sessile, 1 in the cluster; companion sterile spikelets pedicelled, 2 in cluster; pedicels 1 mm long, linear. Sterile spikelets, basal sterile spikelets well-
developed, 4 in number, froming an involucre about the fertile, with normal internodes, subsessile, deciduous with the fertile, male, lanceolate, 7 mm long,
equalling fertile; glumes tuberculate, hirsute, with tawny hairs, acuminate; lower glume muticous. Companion sterile spikelets well-developed, male, lanceolate, 5 mm
long, sharter than fertile, deciduous with the fertile; callus indistinct, glumes tuberculate, hirsute, with tawny hairs, lemma 2, enclosed by glumes, muticous. Fertile
spikelets comprising 1 basal sterile florets, 1 fertile florets, without rachilla extension, elliptic, dorsally compressed, 7 mm long, falling entire, deciduous with accesorry
branch structures, calus oblong, bearded, base obtuse, attached obliquely, hairs tawny. Glumes dissimillar, exceeding apex of florets, firmer than fertile lemma. Lower glume
oblong, as long as spikelet, coriaceous, without keels, 5 – 7-nerved, surface flat, pubescent, hairs tawny, apex acute. Upper glume oblong, coriaceous. Florets: basal
sterile florets barren, without significant palea; lemma of lower sterile floret lanceolate, hyaline; fertile lemma lanceolate, hyaline, without keel, 1-nerved; lemma
apex entire; principal lemma awn up to 10 mm long; palea absent. Anthers 3.
Notes
Found in Indo-China, Malesia, and Southwestern Pasific.
Distribution at Sulawesi
Central: Palu, Kulawi, Alt. c. 600 m. Southeast: Kendari.
Habitat Specimen examined
Posthumus 2348 BO; Mehra 15 BO. 89.4.
Themeda intermedia Hack. Bor. Index Kew. suppl. 1: 424. 1901.
Plants perennial. Culms 200-550 cm long. Sheaths loose, keeled, striately nerved, smooth. Ligule an eciliate membrane. Blades 40-110 cm by 6-16 mm, margin
scabrous, surface scabrous, glabrous. Inflorescence: synflorescence compound, paniculate; composed of racemes, terminal and axillary, subtended by a spatheole,
enclosed. Racemes single, oblong, 2 cm long, bearing few fertile spikelets. Rachis fragile at the nodes. Spikelets in pairs: fertile spikelets sessile, 2-3 in the cluster;
companion sterile spikelets pedicelled, 1 in the cluster. Pedicels oblong, 0.5 mm long. Fertile spikelets comprising 1 basal sterile florets, 1 fertile florets, without rachilla
extension; elliptic, dorsally compressed, 7-9 mm long, falling entire; callus 2 mm long, oblong, bearded. Sterile spikelets: basal sterile spikelets well-developed, 4 in number,
forming an involucre about the fertile, subsessile, persistent, male, 10-12 mm long, larger than fertile; glumes tuberculate, hirsute, acuminate; lower glume muticuous.
Glumes dissimilar, exceeding apex of florets, firmer than fertile lemma. Lower glume oblong, as long as spikelet, coriaceous, no keels; surface flat, pubescent; apex acute.
Upper glume oblong, coriaceous, 3-nerved. Florets: basal sterile florets barren, without significant palea; lemma lanceolate, hyaline. Fertile lemma lanceolate,
hyaline, no keel, 1-nerved; apex entire, acute, muticuous. Palea absent or minute. Anthers 3, 8 mm long.
Notes
Found in China, India, Indo-China, Malesia, and Australia.
Distribution
South: Enrekang, Alt. 50 m.
Habitat Specimen examined
Kjellberg 3725 BO.
89.5. Themeda triandra Forssk. Fl. Aegypt.-Arab. 178. 1775.
